1、Unit 1 People of achievement Reading and Thinkingperseverant curiouscreativeimaginative diligentintelligenthardworkingThe Nobel PrizewhenOctober 5th,2015whoTu Youyouwhatthe Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicinewhythe discovery of artemisinin This years Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine has bee
2、n awarded to Tu Youyou(co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin,a crucial new treatment for malaria.今年的诺贝尔生理奖或医学奖颁给了屠呦呦今年的诺贝尔生理奖或医学奖颁给了屠呦呦(共同获奖者共同获奖者),屠呦呦的研究，促屠呦呦的研究，促使了青蒿素的发现，这是一种治疗疟疾的至关重要的新疗法使了青蒿素的发现，这是一种治疗疟疾的至关重要的新疗法Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives,and has
3、 led to improved health for millions of people.Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year,and about 600,000 die fromit.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.青蒿素拯救了数十万人的生命，并促使改善了数百万人的健康状况，全世界青蒿素
4、拯救了数十万人的生命，并促使改善了数百万人的健康状况，全世界每年有每年有2亿多人感染疟疾，并且约亿多人感染疟疾，并且约60万人死于疟疾。万人死于疟疾。青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的关键成分，每年仅在非洲，它就被认为能拯救十万人青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的关键成分，每年仅在非洲，它就被认为能拯救十万人的生命。的生命。Tu Youyou,a committedand patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.屠
5、呦呦一位敬业耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。After she graduated,she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria,and Tu Youyou was among the first re
6、searchers chosen.毕业后，她在北京的中国中医学院工作，1967年，中国政府组建了一支科学家队伍，目的是发现治疗疟疾的新疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。In the beginning,Tu Youyou went to Hainan,where malaria was more common,to study malaria patients.In 1969,she became the head of the project in Beijing,and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find tradit
7、ional botanical treatments for the disease.起初，屠呦呦奔富疟疾更为常见的海南，研究疟疾患者。1969年，她成为该项目在北京的负责人，她决定查阅中国古代医学文献，寻找治疗这种疾病的传统植物疗法。Her team examineo over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for thei medical properties.From their research,they discovered and tested 380 ancient Chinese medical tre
8、atments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.她的团队查阅了2000多份古老的医学文献，并评估了28万种植物的药学属性，从他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的中国古代医学疗法。One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu s team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but fo
9、und no effect.一本四世纪的医药文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧，屠呦呦的团一本四世纪的医药文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧，屠呦呦的团队测试了一批干青蒿叶，但没有发现任何效果。队测试了一批干青蒿叶，但没有发现任何效果。They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either.Their project got stuck.然后他们尝试煮沸新鲜的青蒿，并使用从中获得的液体治疗疟疾，但然后他们尝
10、试煮沸新鲜的青蒿，并使用从中获得的液体治疗疟疾，但也不起作用。她们的项目陷入了僵局。也不起作用。她们的项目陷入了僵局。However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.She analysed the medical texts again,and by chance,she found one sentence suggesting a different way to o treat the wormwood.但是屠呦呦不服输，她再次分析了医学文献，偶然发现了有一句话建议但是屠呦呦不服输，她再次分析了医学文献，偶然发现了有一句话建议采用不同的方法
11、处理青蒿。采用不同的方法处理青蒿。She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract,she found a substance that worked.After failing more than 190 times,the team finally succeeded in 1971.在用较低的温度取出提取物后，她发现了一种有效的物质。在经历了在用较低的温度取出提
12、取物后，她发现了一种有效的物质。在经历了190多次失败之后，这个团队终于在多次失败之后，这个团队终于在1971年获得成功。年获得成功。Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on tesing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保它是安全的。后来，这种屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持以
13、身试药，以确保它是安全的。后来，这种药被用于疟疾患者，大多数疟疾患者都康复了。药被用于疟疾患者，大多数疟疾患者都康复了。This medicine,which was called artemisinin,soon became a standard treatment for malaria.这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准疗法这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准疗法。According to Tu Youyou,the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort.Upon hearing that she had been aw
14、arded the Nobel Prize,she said“The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me,and all the people of my country.据屠呦呦讲，青蒿素的发现是一个团队的努力。在她得知自己获得了诺贝尔奖时，据屠呦呦讲，青蒿素的发现是一个团队的努力。在她得知自己获得了诺贝尔奖时，她说她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我身后有一支队伍，还有我的国家的所有人民。这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我身后有一支队伍，还有我的国家的所有人民。This success proves the great value of t
15、raditional Chinese medicine.It is indeed an honour for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.这一成功证明了传统中医药的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全这一成功证明了传统中医药的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播，确实是一种荣誉。世界传播，确实是一种荣誉。”Para 4:The research process of discovering .Para 2&3:commentStructurePara
16、1:The _ about Tu Youyou winning the award and the _ of discovering artemisinin.artemisininTus when hearing the news.newssignificanceFill in the table with the numbers to understand its significance.The significance of artemisininArtemisininIt has savedIt has led to mproved health forIt has becomeIt
17、is thought to saveMalariaThe number of people around the world who get it every yearThe number of people who die from it every yearHundreds of thousands of lives.Millionsofpeople.A vital part of thetreatment for malaria.100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.Over 200 million each year.About 600,000.What do you think are the reasons for succeeding in discovering artemisinin?Resons for the discovery of ArtemisininThank you for your listening!
