1、Cloze test 完型填空完型填空解题指导解题指导 长轩岭中学长轩岭中学 何翔景何翔景 母亲节送妈妈什么礼物会让她最开心母亲节送妈妈什么礼物会让她最开心.(.(打一打一英文服饰英文服饰)?Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56,after a very long battle with cancer.His death was mourned（哀悼）（哀悼）by millions of people worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business
2、.His Apple products were like songs that touched peoples hearts and changed their lives.Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56,after a very long battle with cancer.His death was mourned（哀悼）（哀悼）by millions of people worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business.His App
3、le products were like songs that touched peoples hearts and changed their lives.1.A.after B.before C.in D.for2.A.dead B.death C.died D.dying3.A.engineer B.teacher C.professior D.businessman4.A.movies B.songs C.music D.books5.A.our B.your C.his D.their情景推情景推理理上下文上下文上下文上下文上下文上下文固定短语、上下文固定短语、上下文完型填空完型填
4、空概述概述完型填空完型填空又叫障碍性阅读障碍性阅读，是在一定字数（150200）的语篇中，抽取若干词，让学生根据上下文联系，填入适当的词，注重考查学生在具体语境中，灵活运用注重考查学生在具体语境中，灵活运用所学英语基础知识的能力所学英语基础知识的能力，全面训练学，全面训练学生阅读理解、逻辑推理、分析判断及猜生阅读理解、逻辑推理、分析判断及猜测能力测能力。Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56,after a very long battle with cancer.His death was mourned（哀悼）by millions of pe
5、ople worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business.His Apple products were like songs that touched peoples hearts and changed their lives.1.A.after B.before C.in D.for2.A.dead B.death C.died D.dying3.A.engineer B.teacher C.professior D.businessman4.A.movies B.songs C.musi
6、c D.books5.A.our B.your C.his D.theirPrep.n.n.n.Pron.Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56,after a very long battle with cancer.His death was mourned（哀悼）by millions of people worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business.His Apple products were like songs that touche
7、d peoples hearts and changed their lives.1.A.after B.before C.in D.for 2.A.dead B.death C.died D.dying 3.A.engineer B.teacher C.professior D.businessman4.A.movies B.songs C.music D.books5.A.our B.your C.his D.their介词短语做介词短语做状语状语 名词做主语名词做主语 名词做表语名词做表语 名词做名词做介词介词宾语宾语 形容词性物主形容词性物主代词做定语代词做定语 Prep.n.n.Pr
8、on.词性辨析词性辨析完型填空完型填空特点特点完型填空完型填空特点特点四选一型中四选一型中每个选项一般为同一类词性每个选项一般为同一类词性，而且选项意义相近，干扰性强。因此要而且选项意义相近，干扰性强。因此要语意结合，排除干扰。语意结合，排除干扰。侧重在语篇层面考查侧重在语篇层面考查英语基础知识的综英语基础知识的综合运用能力。合运用能力。语言基础知识与阅读理解能力相结合。语言基础知识与阅读理解能力相结合。完型填空完型填空考查方式考查方式四选一型四选一型选词填空型选词填空型完型填空完型填空解题思路解题思路语篇是完型的信息载体，完型填空的解语篇是完型的信息载体，完型填空的解题过程是一个阅读理解的过
9、程，而在阅题过程是一个阅读理解的过程，而在阅读的过程中，学生其实是在跟文中作者读的过程中，学生其实是在跟文中作者进行信息交流，因此，进行信息交流，因此，把握作者的思路，把握作者的思路，使自己的思维模式与与作者的相互吻合使自己的思维模式与与作者的相互吻合很重要。因此，在阅读过程中，要始终很重要。因此，在阅读过程中，要始终本着作者的思路进行推理、判断、猜测本着作者的思路进行推理、判断、猜测，以达到正确分析，解决问题以达到正确分析，解决问题。完型填空完型填空考查内容考查内容词汇知识词汇知识：词义辨析、习惯表达、句型：词义辨析、习惯表达、句型结构、固定短语搭配、词性与词形转换结构、固定短语搭配、词性与
10、词形转换等。等。句法知识句法知识:简单句子结构分析（简单句子结构分析（5 5个基本个基本句型、祈使句、句型、祈使句、There beThere be句型等）句型等）;长难长难句分析（并列句、状语、宾语、定语从句分析（并列句、状语、宾语、定语从句等）句等）语法知识语法知识：时态、语态、非谓语动词、：时态、语态、非谓语动词、主、谓一致等）主、谓一致等）完型填空答题完型填空答题步骤与方法步骤与方法：Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56,after a very long battle with cancer.His death was mourned（
11、哀悼）by millions of people worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business.His Apple products were like songs that touched peoples hearts and changed their lives.第一步：第一遍阅读，第一步：第一遍阅读，不参看答案提示不参看答案提示，略过空格进行障碍，略过空格进行障碍性阅读，大致了解文章主旨。性阅读，大致了解文章主旨。完型填空答题完型填空答题步骤与方法步骤与方法：Steve Jobs di
12、ed last week at the age of 56,after a very long battle with cancer.His death was mourned（哀悼）by millions of people worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business.His Apple products were like songs that touched peoples hearts and changed their lives.Prep.n.n.n.Pron.第二步：第二遍阅读
13、，第二步：第二遍阅读，不参看答案提示不参看答案提示，先易后难预测案。，先易后难预测案。（句法定词性，行文定词型句法定词性，行文定词型）。）。完型填空答题完型填空答题步骤与方法步骤与方法：Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56,after a very long battle with cancer.His death was mourned（哀悼）by millions of people worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business.His Ap
14、ple products were like songs that touched peoples hearts and changed their lives.情景推情景推理理上下文上下文上下文上下文上下文上下文固定短语、固定短语、上下文上下文第三步：第三遍阅读，充分利用上下文或前后句的关键信息，语第三步：第三遍阅读，充分利用上下文或前后句的关键信息，语法知识与语篇意义相结合，最终判定答案。法知识与语篇意义相结合，最终判定答案。完型填空答题完型填空答题步骤与方法步骤与方法：Steve Jobs died last week at the age of 56,after a very long
15、 battle with cancer.His death was mourned（哀悼）by millions of people worldwide.He was a businessman,but he was the“Michael Jackson”of business.His Apple products were like songs that touched peoples hearts and changed their lives.第四步：代入所填单词，复现第四步：代入所填单词，复现完整完整原文，消除疏漏。原文，消除疏漏。完型填空答题完型填空答题步骤与方法步骤与方法：完型填
16、空答题完型填空答题步骤与方法步骤与方法：第一步：第一遍阅读，第一步：第一遍阅读，不参看答案不参看答案，略过空格，略过空格进行进行障碍性阅读障碍性阅读，大致，大致了解文章主旨了解文章主旨。第二步：第二遍阅读，第二步：第二遍阅读，不参看答案不参看答案，先易后难，先易后难预测预测答案答案。（。（从句子结构定成分，判定词性与词型从句子结构定成分，判定词性与词型）第三步：第三遍阅读，充分利用第三步：第三遍阅读，充分利用上下文或前后句上下文或前后句的的关键信息，关键信息，语法知识与语篇意义相结合语法知识与语篇意义相结合，最终判定，最终判定答案。答案。第四步：代入所填单词，第四步：代入所填单词，复现完整原文
17、复现完整原文，消除疏漏。，消除疏漏。完型填空答题完型填空答题之难点：之难点：第一，定词性：第一，定词性：第二，定词形：第二，定词形：第三，句子分析：第三，句子分析：简单句子分析简单句子分析;长、难句子分析长、难句子分析;词性词性 词形词形实实词词名词名词数：（可、不可，单、复）数：（可、不可，单、复）;格格代词代词主、宾格主、宾格;物代物代;反身反身;单、复数单、复数;人称人称动词动词单三单三;过去过去;过分过分;现分现分;动名动名形容词形容词副词副词级（原，比较，最高）级（原，比较，最高）;形与副的转化形与副的转化数词数词基、序基、序虚虚词词介词介词 连词连词 冠词冠词词性与词形词性与词形词
18、性词性 句子成分句子成分实词实词名词名词作主语、宾语、表语和定语等作主语、宾语、表语和定语等代词代词作主语、表语、宾语、定语和同位作主语、表语、宾语、定语和同位语语。动词动词作谓语作谓语形容词形容词作定语、表语和作定语、表语和宾补宾补 等等副词副词作状语、表语和定语作状语、表语和定语 等等数词数词作主语、表语、宾语、定语等作主语、表语、宾语、定语等虚词虚词介词介词构成介词短语，才能担任句子成分构成介词短语，才能担任句子成分连词连词连接单词、短语、从句或句子，不连接单词、短语、从句或句子，不单独用作句子成分单独用作句子成分 冠词冠词不能离开名词独立作成分不能离开名词独立作成分词性与句子成分词性与
19、句子成分简单句成分分析简单句成分分析 I saw the little girl keeping the gate open,Waiting for me.句子主干：句子主干：主语：主语：谓语：谓语：宾语：宾语：补充修饰：补充修饰：定语：定语：状语：状语：补语：补语：I saw the little girl keeping the gate open,Waiting for me.简单句成分分析简单句成分分析句子主干：句子主干：（主、谓、宾）主、谓、宾）I saw the girl。补充修饰：定：补充修饰：定：little 状：状：Waiting for me 补：补：keeping the
20、 gate open简单句成分分析简单句成分分析基本成分：主、谓、宾基本成分：主、谓、宾补充成分：定、状、补补充成分：定、状、补 注注:了解了解词性词性是正确是正确分析句子成分分析句子成分的前提。的前提。从语法上即从语法上即句型结构和句法句型结构和句法成分来成分来判断词性判断词性。从上下行文的从上下行文的关键信息词关键信息词来来判断词形判断词形。长、难句子分析长、难句子分析She thought that only the people who were always pleased with what they had could be truly happy.连词连词/关系词：关系词：主要
21、句子：主要句子：修饰成分：从句修饰成分：从句/短语短语长、难句子分析长、难句子分析She thought that only the people who were always pleased with what they had could be truly happy.连词连词/关系词：关系词：that、who、what主要句子：主要句子：She thought that only the people could be truly happy.修饰成分：（定语从句）修饰成分：（定语从句）people who were always pleased with what they had
22、长、难句子分析长、难句子分析注意事项：注意事项：正确运用连词、关系词；正确运用连词、关系词；分清句子主次；分清句子主次；抓住句子主干（主、谓、宾）；抓住句子主干（主、谓、宾）；去除修饰成分（从句、短语）。去除修饰成分（从句、短语）。完型填空答题完型填空答题之难点：之难点：第一，第一，定词性定词性：从语法上即句型结构和句法：从语法上即句型结构和句法成分来判断词性。成分来判断词性。第二，第二，定词形定词形：从上下行文的关键信息词来：从上下行文的关键信息词来判断词形。判断词形。第三，第三，长、难句子分析长、难句子分析：正确运用连词，分清句：正确运用连词，分清句子主次，抓住句子主干（主、谓、宾），去除
23、修子主次，抓住句子主干（主、谓、宾），去除修饰成分（从句、短语）。饰成分（从句、短语）。中考实战演练（2011兰州）When I was three years old just before my sister was born,my mom asked me what we should name the new baby.I said,“Lets call 21 Gravy(肉肉汁汁)!”Having a sister 22 my life.When my sister and I played together,we 23 got into fights and got angry w
24、ith each other.It sometimes drove our parents crazy.24 at the same time,we learned to share our things and to forgive(原谅原谅)each other when we got angry.In North America,25 families have a boy and a girl.Of course,some have three or more.In China,most children dont have brothers or sisters,and they h
25、ave to learn those things in other ways,which is more 26 .When I move away to university,my sister 27 me she wished I still lived at home.She wasnt used to getting all the attention 28 my parents.But Chinese children get all the attention for all their life!Some middle school 29 in China wish they h
26、ad a brother or sister.30 you are one of them,I have a good idea for you.Treat your friends and classmates as your brothers and sisters!中考实战演练（2011兰州）上下文上下文 21.A.第一段第一段 my sieter固定短语固定短语 22.C.changed change ones life 情景推理情景推理 23.D.文章第一句文章第一句逻辑推理逻辑推理 24.A.上下文上下文 25.D.第三段中间一行第三段中间一行逻辑推理逻辑推理 26.B.词义辨析词
27、义辨析 27.C.固定短语固定短语 28.A.上下文上下文 29.A.最后一段最后一段逻辑推理逻辑推理 30.B.中考实战演练（2011洛阳）Ramanujian liked football very much.He came 11 a poor family and couldnt go to a good school,but 12 changed his life.When he was 15 years old,he found a book about math.It was a book with 6,000 very 13 problems.he 14 these proble
28、ms.He answered them all by himself without any help from anyone else.Then he thought of 15 problems and answered them,too.Soon,he was better at math than all his teachers.16 a year,Ramanujian was invited to study at university,even though he was really too young.However,he 17 most of his exams.Why?B
29、ecause he was only interested in math and didnt care enough about his other subjects.Then he wrote a book and 18 it to a magazine.A mathematician read his book and started writing letters to him.Later,he invited Ramanujian to go to 19 to study and work.In England,people didnt care if Srinivasa was g
30、ood at other subjects.By the time he was 30,Ramanujian ,a poor boy who liked math better than playing football,had become one of the worlds most 20 mathematicians.中考实战演练（2011洛阳）固定短语固定短语 11.A.come from 上下文上下文 12.B.同行同行 综合全文综合全文 13.B.词汇析义词汇析义 14.D.逻辑推理逻辑推理 15.A.情景推理情景推理 16.A.上下文上下文 17.C.词汇析义词汇析义 18.A.
31、上下文上下文 19.C.同行同行 综合全文综合全文 20.D.中考实战演练（2012武汉）As China is becoming better and better,many foreign students come to China to learn something to build their own countries.25-year-old Monthero is one of them.Monthero comes _21_ Benin in West Africa.He is studying _22 _ at Beijing Language and Culture Un
32、iversity.I thank Chinese 23 a lot since they would help me practice Chinese whenever I asked them,Monthero said.He added that his Chinese teachers were also very _ 24.He wanted to learn more than just the language.He also wanted to study Chinese tech-nology so that he could help _ 25 water problems
33、back home in Cotonou.To learn _26_.to deal with water pollution is my goal,he said,China is developing quickly in technology and science.According to Monthero,water in Cotonou and many other African cities is _27 polluted.Montheros love for China grew after the Beijing Olympic Games last summer.He _
34、28_ a ticket from a friend and got to watch a wrestling match.It was my _29 time to China,he said.I felt so good and I wanted to learn in China.Like Monthero,many other students from different countries also want to study hard and then return to their countries to build them better with 30 they have
35、 learned in China.Chinese what student from bad solve receive kind how one中考实战演练（2012武汉）固定短语固定短语 21.from 上下文上下文 22.Chinese 上下文上下文 23.students 逻辑推理逻辑推理 24.kind 固定短语固定短语 25.（to）solve 固定句式固定句式 26.how 情景推理情景推理 27.badly 固定短语固定短语 28.received 习惯表达习惯表达 29.first 逻辑推理逻辑推理 30.what完型填空完型填空解题技巧解题技巧语篇（文）语篇（文）语言基础
36、知识（词、句）语言基础知识（词、句）1.上下文上下文2.生活常识生活常识3.情景推理（句间结构、情景推理（句间结构、意义上的连接与照应）意义上的连接与照应）4.文化背景文化背景5.综合理解（全文考虑）综合理解（全文考虑）1.词汇辨析（同、反等）词汇辨析（同、反等）2.习惯表达习惯表达3.固定搭配固定搭配4.词性、词形转换词性、词形转换5.基本句型基本句型6.语法结构（时态、语态、非语法结构（时态、语态、非谓语、一致、从句等）谓语、一致、从句等）语篇（文）与语言基础知识（词、句）结合语篇（文）与语言基础知识（词、句）结合 Wu Bin,48,was a driver without any ac
37、cident or complaint by passengers.He died after first protecting his passengers.On May 29th，Wus bus was travelling along the highway when something outside suddenly broke the windscreen(挡风玻璃挡风玻璃)and hit him.He was badly hurt,but in great pain,he stopped the bus successfully.He then rose from his sea
38、t and told passengers to call the police.And he reminded passengers to be careful because they were still on the highway.All the passengers got out of danger.He was sent to hospital as quickly as possible.But three days later,he died without saying goodbye to anyone even his wife and child.Everyone
39、knows how difficult it is to stop a bus safely in great pain.If he had done anything differently,the passengers on the bus would not be here.His life was ordinary but at the last moment he became a great man.His act has moved more and more people and was regarded as a hero by the public.中考实战演练（2012厦
40、门）A.四选一型四选一型 B.选词填空选词填空设空练习：设空练习：Wu Bin,48,was a driver without any accident or complaint by passengers.He died after first protecting his passengers.On May 29th，Wus bus was travelling along the highway when something outside suddenly broke the windscreen(挡风玻璃挡风玻璃)and hit him.He was badly hurt,but i
41、n great pain,he stopped the bus successfully.He then rose from his seat and told passengers to call the police.And he reminded passengers to be careful because they were still on the highway.All the passengers got out of danger.He was sent to hospital as quickly as possible.But three days later,he d
42、ied without saying goodbye to anyone even his wife and child.Everyone knows how difficult it is to stop a bus safely in great pain.If he had done anything differently,the passengers on the bus would not be here.His life was ordinary but at the last moment he became a great man.His act has moved more
43、 and more people and was regarded as a hero by the public.设空练习：设空练习：语篇（文）语篇（文）语言基础知识（词、句）语言基础知识（词、句）1.1.上下文上下文2.2.生活常识生活常识3.3.情景推理（句间结构、情景推理（句间结构、意义上的连接与照应）意义上的连接与照应）4.4.文化背景文化背景5.5.综合理解（全文考虑）综合理解（全文考虑）1.1.词汇辨析（同、反等）词汇辨析（同、反等）2.2.习惯表达习惯表达3.3.固定搭配固定搭配4.4.词性、词形转换词性、词形转换5.5.基本句型基本句型6.6.语法结构（时态、语态、语法结构（
44、时态、语态、非谓语、一致、从句等）非谓语、一致、从句等）“We make a living with what we get,but we make a life with what we give.”Winston Churchill I believe this sayingI have been 36 at the Boston Childrens Hospital every year 37 I was thirteenAt the beginning，I only wanted to go because I would make fun with children at the h
45、ospital.After giving my time for 40 months,my life has been changed 38 When I first stepped into the waiting room on the ground floor，I was very worried that I would be spending my whole summer with kids.As I got used to 39 up every day at 8 a.m.，many kids began to like meTo 40 surprise，I began look
46、ing forward to seeing their happy faces as wellThey were always excited about learningMy heart warmed every time I heard their excited voices asking me for a story or 41 answer to a questionI felt valued(有价值有价值的的)and no one could take my place.I look back，I see the 42 that special children have had
47、on meIt is because of them that I have developed a strong wish to become a psychologistRecently，I have been asked to help out on many different floors 43 the waiting room where I started.With their worries and wishes to get 44 and go home，they always offer me a bright smileI feel all the tiredness h
48、as gone after spending a day with them because I 45 that there is much more to life than moneyIt is much more important to love and to be loved中考实战演练中考实战演练“We make a living with what we get,but we make a life with what we give.”Winston Churchill I believe this sayingI have been 36 at the Boston Chil
49、drens Hospital every year 37 I was thirteenAt the beginning，I only wanted to gobecause I would make fun with children at the hospitalAfter giving my time for 40 months，my life has been changed 38 When I first stepped into the waiting room on the ground floor，I was very worried that I would be spendi
50、ng my whole summer with kidsAs I got used to 39 up every day at 8 a.m.，many kids began to like meTo 40 surprise，I began looking forward to seeing their happy faces as wellThey were always excited about learningMy heart warmed every time I heard their excited voices asking me for a story or 41 answer
