1、英语国家概况英语国家概况CanadaCanadaGeographyIHistoryIICONTENTGeographyI 1.2 Geographic Regions and Climate 1.1 Location and Size 1.3 Major Cities 1.1 Location and Sizev1.Which of the following descriptions is correct about Canada?pthe second largest country in the world plocated in the North American continent
2、 pAtlantic in the east,Pacific in the west,Arctic Ocean to the north pshare land borders with the United States to the south and northwest pCanada has the longest coastline in the world.1.2 Geographic Regions and Climatev 2.How many geographic regions can Canada be divided into?The Atlantic Region T
3、he Central Region The Prairie Region The Pacific Region The Northern Regionv 3.Canadas vast territory and unique topography result in a climate with wide regional variations.Can you figure out what the weather is like in the above regions?a continental climatea moderate climatecold winter,hot summer
4、,sparse precipitationtemperature below zero for seven months1.3 Major CitiesOttawav the capital of Canadav the countrys fourth largest cityv located in the Ottawa Valleyv lies on the banks of the Ottawa Riverv a humid continental climatev the seventh coldest capital in the world by annual average te
5、mperature,but ranks the third by mean of January temperaturev nickname:Bytown(Left)A house is barely visible from beneath the heavy Ottawa snowfall.1.3 Major CitiesTorontov located on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontariov the largest city in Canadav the provincial capital of Ontariov Canadas finan
6、cial capital v the fifth most populous municipality in North Americav ranked 14th in the world with over 4 million tourist arrivals a yearv a humid continental climatev one of the safest major cities in North America with a low crime rate1.3 Major CitiesToronto(cont.)the tallest tower in the western
7、 hemisphere,the worlds second tallest freestanding structure1.3 Major CitiesMontrealv the second largest city in Canadav the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebecv used to be the largest city in Canada and the industrial and financial centre of Canadav The official language of Montreal is
8、French.v the largest French-speaking city in North America,and second in the world after Parisv humid continental climateMontreals Underground Citythe largest underground complex in the world 1.3 Major CitiesVancouverv a coastal city and major seaport in southwestern British Columbiav the third larg
9、est in the countryv ranked one of the three most livable cities in the worldv ethnically diverse,with 52%of city residents and 43%of metro residents having a first language other than Englishv temperate climatev the second largest Chinatown in North America after San FranciscoChinese New Year Parade
10、to the use and enjoyment of people of all colors,creeds and customs forall timeHistoryII 2.6 Exercise 2.2 European Settlement 2.1 Discovery and Exploration 2.3 British Canada 2.4 Canadian Nation 2.5 Canada Since the 1980s 2.1 Discovery and Explorationv In 1497,John Cabot,an Italian sea captain,saile
11、d west from Britain,searching for a new route to Asia.This voyage led to the discovery of Canada.v The French exploration of Canada began in 1535,when Jacques Cartier attempted to find new routes to the Orient.v Trading with the local Indians began.Fur trade2.2 European Settlementv In the early 1600
12、s,both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada.v During the 1750s,the famous Seven Years War between France and Britain started.v All of Canada came under British control.2.3 British Canadav In 1774,the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act,coping with the differences between F
13、rench and British People.v In 1791,Canada was split into Upper Canada(English-speaking Ontario)and Lower Canada(French-speaking Quebec).v In 1841,Upper and Lower Canada united as the British Colony,the Province of Canada.2.4 Canadian Nationv In 1867,The Constitution Act created the self-governing do
14、minion of Canada.v In 1931,Canada was recognized as an equal partner of Britain.v The federal governments power increased since the 1950s to its historical height.v By 1961,the country had become one of the worlds most urbanized nations.v During the 1970s,the relationship between Canada and the US b
15、ecame strained.2.5 Canada Since the 1980sv The Canada Act of 1982 made Canada a fully sovereign state.v In the early 1990s,Meech Lake Accord and Charlottetown Accord both failed in a national referendum.v In the 1993 national election,Progressive Conservative Party was defeated by the Liberals.v In
16、1997 Chretiens Liberal government succeeded in ending the 20 years of federal budget deficit.v When Paul Martin took office,Sino-Canadian relationship improved.Exercise Rearrange the following event to make a brief outline of the Canadian history.v a.Jacques Cartier arrived and claimed territory for
17、 the King of France.34v b.American Revolution ended with the establishment of the border between Canada and the United States.1783-1791v c.First Indian and Inuit resided on the land.v d.American army invaded Canada,captured Montreal and besieged Quebec City.v e.The Constitutional Act established the
18、 Upper and Lower Canada.1791Early History of CanadaExercise(cont.)v f.The Quebec Act:the predominant French population in Quebec and surrounding places were allowed to be governed according to French laws.v g.Champlain and the French settled and established control of the territory in and around Que
19、bec City.This colony was called New France.1608v h.John Cabot sailed to an island off the coast of Canada,named it Newfoundland,and claimed it for the King of England.1497v i.Seven Years War v j.The Canada Act made Canada a fully sovereign state.Key:c-h-a-g-i-f-d-b-e Early History of CanadaCanadian Money
