1、读后续写写作策略及备考指导读后续写写作策略及备考指导高中英语高三年级高中英语高三年级读后续写题型解读读后续写题型解读 提供一段提供一段350350词以内的语言材料，要求考生依据该词以内的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词续写（材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词续写（150150词左右），将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、词左右），将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。（情节和结构完整的短文。（考试说明考试说明20162016年第一年第一版）版）读后续写题型解读读后续写题型解读1 1、看懂原文。在读原文时，要寻求故事的内在关系、前因、看懂原文
2、。在读原文时，要寻求故事的内在关系、前因 后果分析人物特征与情感态度，以设计故事的发展进程和结后果分析人物特征与情感态度，以设计故事的发展进程和结局。局。2 2、续写基本上是记叙文，要找出记叙文六要素、续写基本上是记叙文，要找出记叙文六要素(who，when，where，what，how，why)，理清文章结构。，理清文章结构。3 3、续写文章词数在、续写文章词数在150150词左右。词数的增加、文章的特点，词左右。词数的增加、文章的特点，都对考生表达能力提出更高要求。都对考生表达能力提出更高要求。4 4、续写的两段给出首句。考生要仔细琢磨段首句，使续写、续写的两段给出首句。考生要仔细琢磨段首
3、句，使续写故事情节与前文叙述高度融合；要注重逻辑思维，精妙安排故事情节与前文叙述高度融合；要注重逻辑思维，精妙安排情节；注重故事的起因、转折与高潮。情节；注重故事的起因、转折与高潮。5 5、续写要求的不仅是内容，还有叙述角度（常见第一或第、续写要求的不仅是内容，还有叙述角度（常见第一或第三人称）、人物特点、文风和思想等。三人称）、人物特点、文风和思想等。读后续写的高考评分标准读后续写的高考评分标准 评分程序评分程序:先根据整体情况对文章进行定档，然后依据该先根据整体情况对文章进行定档，然后依据该档的相应要求来确定或调节档档的相应要求来确定或调节档次次，最后打分。，最后打分。打分打分主要从主要从
4、续写内容、词汇语法、篇章结构续写内容、词汇语法、篇章结构三方面考虑。三方面考虑。（1 1）创造内容的质量，续写的）创造内容的质量，续写的完整性完整性以及与原文情境的以及与原文情境的融洽度融洽度。（2 2）使用词汇和语法结构的）使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性、多样性准确性、恰当性、多样性。（3 3）上下文的衔接，全文的）上下文的衔接，全文的连贯性连贯性。读后续写的高考评分标准读后续写的高考评分标准 各档次给分范围和要求各档次给分范围和要求:总分为总分为2525分，按分，按7 7个档次给分个档次给分。评分档次评分档次描描 述述第七档第七档（22-25分）分）优秀优秀创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容
5、，富有逻辑性，创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高。续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高。使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解。语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解。自然有效地使用了段落间、语句间衔接手段，句自然有效地使用了段落间、语句间衔接手段，句子结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。子结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。写作步骤写作步骤1 1、细读文本要素，品读主旨意图。细读文本要素，品读主旨意图。阅读是读后续写的起点，起点的质量高低直接影响着续写能阅读是读后续写的起点，起点的质量高低直接影响着续写能
6、达到的高度。达到的高度。1 1）在细读文本要素的过程中，考生应梳理关键信息，从内容在细读文本要素的过程中，考生应梳理关键信息，从内容层面弄清楚文章的体裁、题材、中心人物、主要故事、发展线索层面弄清楚文章的体裁、题材、中心人物、主要故事、发展线索等；从语言层面感知语篇的语言风格、行文逻辑、故事发展等。等；从语言层面感知语篇的语言风格、行文逻辑、故事发展等。2 2）在品读主旨意图的过程中，考生应从情感层面通过关键词在品读主旨意图的过程中，考生应从情感层面通过关键词和故事脉络来探究和确立文章的写作风格、感情基调、主旨大意和故事脉络来探究和确立文章的写作风格、感情基调、主旨大意等。读后续写不仅要求故事
7、情节合理发展，也需要等。读后续写不仅要求故事情节合理发展，也需要写作风格一脉写作风格一脉相承相承。最佳的续写应是在内容、语言和情感方面与原文风格保持。最佳的续写应是在内容、语言和情感方面与原文风格保持一致。一致。2 2、预测发展趋势，建构合理情节。预测发展趋势，建构合理情节。在提炼出人物、故事及主旨等文本要素后，考生应当结合两在提炼出人物、故事及主旨等文本要素后，考生应当结合两段续写段落的首句充分发挥想象，预测故事的大致走向段续写段落的首句充分发挥想象，预测故事的大致走向进而进而勾勾勒出更加丰富、合理的故事情节。最后根据主旨和故事发展对勒出更加丰富、合理的故事情节。最后根据主旨和故事发展对信息
8、作出选择、拓展细节、组织内容，从而完成续写这一创造信息作出选择、拓展细节、组织内容，从而完成续写这一创造性的思维过程。性的思维过程。写作步骤写作步骤3 3、梳理写作要点，善用语言，关注衔接。梳理写作要点，善用语言，关注衔接。在完成读后续写的过程中，细读是起点，建构是中点，写作在完成读后续写的过程中，细读是起点，建构是中点，写作是重点。在前面信息建构的基础上，学生将选出的信息和拓展是重点。在前面信息建构的基础上，学生将选出的信息和拓展的细节的细节建构建构成故事发展的要点。写作中，成故事发展的要点。写作中，学生还要注意与原文学生还要注意与原文在文体和语言上保持一致在文体和语言上保持一致。心灵鸡汤系
9、列的文章语言应似和风。心灵鸡汤系列的文章语言应似和风细雨，娓娓道来；故事类的文章，用词应简单形象；短篇小说细雨，娓娓道来；故事类的文章，用词应简单形象；短篇小说类的文章，结局较为意外，或讽刺或幽默或感人。此外，学生类的文章，结局较为意外，或讽刺或幽默或感人。此外，学生还应注意续写内容与所给段落首句的衔接程度，并确保所续写还应注意续写内容与所给段落首句的衔接程度，并确保所续写的内容和主旨积极向上、富有正能量。的内容和主旨积极向上、富有正能量。写作步骤写作步骤 1、读文本。、读文本。过滤有效信息，把握文章要素。过滤有效信息，把握文章要素。2、细构思、细构思。文章中心内容、段首句相结合。情节发展。文
10、章中心内容、段首句相结合。情节发展是主体，细节描写是关键。是主体，细节描写是关键。3、精写作、精写作。快速初步成稿，然后升级词汇与句式（并。快速初步成稿，然后升级词汇与句式（并列句，三大从句，非谓语动词，特殊句式等）。然后规范列句，三大从句，非谓语动词，特殊句式等）。然后规范誊写。誊写。写作步骤写作步骤高分策略高分策略（避避免免失分点失分点）失分点失分点1 1 不符合基本要求：词数不符合基本要求：词数（少于（少于120120词）词）；两段的词；两段的词数比例失调；随意分段；时态数比例失调；随意分段；时态错误错误；抄袭原文；抄袭原文等等。失分点失分点2 2 内容不合逻辑：缺乏合理想象；续写部分内
11、容与上内容不合逻辑：缺乏合理想象；续写部分内容与上文不连贯：文不连贯：续写部分与已提供材料之间的逻辑，续写两段内续写部分与已提供材料之间的逻辑，续写两段内容之间的逻辑以及容之间的逻辑以及续续写部分与所给开头语之间的逻辑。写部分与所给开头语之间的逻辑。失分点失分点3 3 语言不够丰富恰当：所使用语法结构与词汇的丰富语言不够丰富恰当：所使用语法结构与词汇的丰富性、准确性不够；刻意使用生僻词汇和复杂句式，不考虑与性、准确性不够；刻意使用生僻词汇和复杂句式，不考虑与原文语言风格的一致性。原文语言风格的一致性。失分点失分点4 4 脑洞开太大：想象不合理；续写部分立意不高；价脑洞开太大：想象不合理；续写部
12、分立意不高；价值观有争议。值观有争议。高分策略高分策略（掌握提分点掌握提分点）1 1、四审题目，不失基本分、四审题目，不失基本分(1)(1)审要求：词数应为审要求：词数应为150150词左右词左右（不少于（不少于120120词）。词）。(2)(2)审体裁、时态：明确前文的体裁，确定续写部分的格审体裁、时态：明确前文的体裁，确定续写部分的格式和语言；确定前文的时态，避免续写内容出现时态错误式和语言；确定前文的时态，避免续写内容出现时态错误。(3)(3)审前文大意和要点：读后续写一般是记叙文，所以应审前文大意和要点：读后续写一般是记叙文，所以应找出前文中的六要素，以确保续写内容与前文的连贯性。找出
13、前文中的六要素，以确保续写内容与前文的连贯性。(4)(4)审续写所给审续写所给段段首句：研读续写题目所给出的第一句话首句：研读续写题目所给出的第一句话，注意续写内容与前文内容的融合性，以及所续写的两段，注意续写内容与前文内容的融合性，以及所续写的两段内容之间的衔接性。内容之间的衔接性。2 2、三大技巧，巧夺能力分、三大技巧，巧夺能力分(1)(1)立意立意“高大上高大上”，情节丰富合理，情节丰富合理（细节描写：动作（细节描写：动作、心理、评价与感悟）、心理、评价与感悟），使文章脱颖而出。，使文章脱颖而出。(2)(2)升级词汇与句式，增加得分亮点。升级词汇与句式，增加得分亮点。（高级词汇，句（高级
14、词汇，句式灵活）式灵活）(3)(3)书写规范工整，卷面开启书写规范工整，卷面开启“美颜美颜”特效，巧得特效，巧得“印印象分象分”。高分策略高分策略（掌握提分点掌握提分点）典例分析典例分析典例写作1：Georges mother was very poor and sick.Instead of having bright fires in winter,she had nothing to burn but dry sticks which George picked up from under trees.One fine day in July,his sick mother sent h
15、im to the woods.He was to stay there all day,to get as much wood as he could collect.It was a bright and sunny day,and George worked very hard,so that by the time the sun was high,he was hot,and wished for a cool place where he might rest and eat his dinner.While he hunted for a spot along the bank
16、he saw among the grass some fine,wild strawberries.“How good these will be with my bread and butter!”George thought.Lining his cap with leaves,he set to work eagerly to gather all he could find,and then seated himself by the river.It was a pleasant place,and George felt happy and contented.He though
17、t how much his mother would like to see him there,and to be there herself,instead of in her dark room in the village.George thought of all this,and just as he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth,he said to himself,“How much Mom would like these!”So he stopped,and put the strawberry back.“S
18、hall I save them for her?”he said,thinking how much they would refresh her,yet still looking at them with longing eyes.“I will eat half,and take the other half to her,”he said at last,and he divided them into two heaps(堆).But each heap looked so small that he put them together again.“I will only tas
19、te one,”he thought.As he lifted it to his mouth again,he saw that he had taken the finest and he put it back.“I will keep them all for her,”he said with great happiness,and he covered them up nicely,ready to take home.Paragraph1：He stood up and started to get more and more wood until the sun began t
20、o sink._Paragraph2：Just after he had thrown down his wood,he heard his mothers weak voice calling him from the next room._1 1、结合段首句速读文本，抓住重点情节，分析故事发展线索，构思续写情节。、结合段首句速读文本，抓住重点情节，分析故事发展线索，构思续写情节。2 2、注意所给文本的语言风格和情感基调。、注意所给文本的语言风格和情感基调。典例写作1：（1）Georges mother was very poor and sick.Instead of having bri
21、ght fires in winter,she had nothing to burn but dry sticks which George picked up from under trees.（2）One fine day in July,his sick mother sent him to the woods.He was to stay there all day,to get as much wood as he could collect.（3）It was a bright and sunny day,and George worked very hard,so that b
22、y the time the sun was high,he was hot,and wished for a cool place where he might rest and eat his dinner.While he hunted for a spot along the bank he saw among the grass some fine,wild strawberries.（4）“How good these will be with my bread and butter!”George thought.Lining his cap with leaves,he set
23、 to work eagerly to gather all he could find,and then seated himself by the river.（5）It was a pleasant place,and George felt happy and contented.He thought how much his mother would like to see him there,and to be there herself,instead of in her dark room in the village.（6）George thought of all this
24、,and just as he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth,he said to himself,“How much Mom would like these!”So he stopped,and put the strawberry back.“Shall I save them for her?”he said,thinking how much they would refresh her,yet still looking at them with longing eyes.（7）“I will eat half,and
25、take the other half to her,”he said at last,and he divided them into two heaps(堆).But each heap looked so small that he put them together again.（8）“I will only taste one,”he thought.As he lifted it to his mouth again,he saw that he had taken the finest and he put it back.“I will keep them all for he
26、r,”he said with great happiness,and he covered them up nicely,ready to take home.Paragraph 1：He stood up and started to get more and more wood until the sun began to sink.Because he hadnt gotten enough dry sticks,he needed to collect more.Then it was evening.He missed his mother and he felt it was t
27、ime to go home.He was hungry but he would not eat the wild strawberries.He looked again at his wild strawberries and smiled.Happily,he ran home.Paragraph 2：Just after he had thrown down his wood,he heard his mothers weak voice calling him from the next room.“My child,its you.Come here and get me som
28、e water,please.I am thirsty.”George said,“Mom,dont drink water.I have these for you!”When Georges mother saw the wild strawberries,she was so happy that she cried.She said,“You love me so much.You even didnt eat them.Come and sit.Lets eat together.You must be hungry too.I love you.”Then happily,they
29、 ate together.Paragraph 1：He stood up and started to get more and more wood until the sun began to sink.George set out for home.Very carefully,he carried his cap filled with the strawberries.He felt delighted as he could have all of his strawberries for his sick mother.The nearer he came to his home
30、.the less he wished to taste them.Then,he arrived home before he knew it.Paragraph 2：Just after he had thrown down his wood,he heard his mothers weak voice calling him from the next room.Is that you,George?I am glad you have come,for I am thirsty and Im longing for some tea.Could you get some for me
31、?George ran to her and joyfully offered her all the wild strawberries.Seeing the wild strawberries,Georges mother couldnt contain her joy,tears running down her face.She said,My boy,I know that you didnt taste any of the straw berries and saved all for me.God will bless you for all of this,my son.At
32、 that moment,George and his mother were both filled with happiness.典例写作2：Christmas Day was coming.I was just a kid then,and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus.I fled to my grandma because she would be straight with me.I knew Grandma always told me the truth.Grandma was home,and I told he
33、r everything.She was ready for me.No Santa Claus?she shouted.Ridiculous!Dont believe it.That rumor has been going around for years,and it makes me mad.Now,put on your coat,and lets go.Go where,grandma?I asked.Where turned out to be Kerbys General Store,the one store in town that had a lit bit of jus
34、t about everything.As we walked through its doors,Grandma handed me ten dollars Take this money,she said,and buy something for someone who needs it.Ill wait for you in the car Then she turned and walked out of Kerbys.I was only eight years old.Id often gone shopping with my mother,and never had I sh
35、opped for anything all by myself.The store seemed big and crowded,full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping.For a few moments I just stood there,confused,holding that ten-dollar bill,wondering what to buy and who to buy something for.I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker,who was a kid
36、 with bad breath and messy hair,He sat right behind me in Mrs.Pollocks grade-two class.Bobby Decker didnt have a coat.I knew that because he never went out for recess during the winter.His mother always wrote a note,telling the teacher that he had a cough,but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didnt hav
37、e a cough,and that he didnt have a coat.I would buy Bobby Decker a coat!settled on a red one,which looked really warm,and he would like that.Is this a Christmas present for someone?the lady behind the counter asked kindly,as I laid my ten dollars down.Yes.The nice lady smiled at me,put the coat in a
38、 bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.Paragraph1：That evening,Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper._Paragraph2：Grandma and 1 waited breathlessly for Bobby Deckers front door to open and finally it opened._ Paragraph 1：That evening,Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.She w
39、rote To Bobby,from Santa Claus on it,after which she drove me over to Bobby Deckers house,explaining I was officially one of Santas helpers.Grandma parked down the street from Bobbys house,and I took a deep breath,and dashed for his front door.Seeing no other people notice us,I put the Christmas pre
40、sent down,pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I crept and hid in the car.Paragraph 2：Grandma and I waited breathlessly for Bobby Deckers front door to open and finally it opened.Out went Bobby Decker.Seeing the coat in the bag,he looked very dumbstruck and then called his mother to go out.Afte
41、r hearing them say thanks to Santa Claus,I felt very proud of what I had done.At that time I decided to be Santas helper forever.It was that night that I realized the truth that Santa Claus is in everyones heart if he is willing to be one of his helpers.写作精要写作精要 既要保留原文的延续性，更要有考生的自身特色；既要保留原文的延续性，更要有考
42、生的自身特色；既要延续原文叙事风格，更要有考生的语言灵魂；既要延续原文叙事风格，更要有考生的语言灵魂；既要注重故事的新颖性，更要注意结尾的合理性；既要注重故事的新颖性，更要注意结尾的合理性；既要注意遣词造句风格，更要有出乎意料的精彩既要注意遣词造句风格，更要有出乎意料的精彩。作死文章明显的共性作死文章明显的共性1.1.语法错误层出不穷，小错不绝，大错不断，找不语法错误层出不穷，小错不绝，大错不断，找不到完全正确的句子；到完全正确的句子；2.2.遣词造句单调；连贯性差，结构散乱，缺乏恰当遣词造句单调；连贯性差，结构散乱，缺乏恰当的逻辑承接；的逻辑承接；3.3.汉语式表达充斥其间，机械翻译，词不达
43、意、不汉语式表达充斥其间，机械翻译，词不达意、不知所云；知所云；4.4.大篇幅抄写前文内容，满篇是拼凑的内容，情节大篇幅抄写前文内容，满篇是拼凑的内容，情节不切实际，无视阅卷老师的智商。不切实际，无视阅卷老师的智商。5.5.卷面凌乱，书写潦草，满篇的卷面凌乱，书写潦草，满篇的“火星文火星文”。读后续写备考指导读后续写备考指导备考指导备考指导 训练输入：注重基础，提升能力训练输入：注重基础，提升能力 阅读赏析：品读文本，训练语篇阅读赏析：品读文本，训练语篇 写作输出：规范写作，形成素养写作输出：规范写作，形成素养一份高考作文在阅卷时往往在半分钟左右判分数，所以一份高考作文在阅卷时往往在半分钟左右
44、判分数，所以大众化的词汇，平庸的表达会使阅卷老师产生视觉疲劳。大众化的词汇，平庸的表达会使阅卷老师产生视觉疲劳。如果一篇作品突然使用了与众不同，让人眼前一亮的词如果一篇作品突然使用了与众不同，让人眼前一亮的词汇、句型及细节描写的话，阅卷老师给分绝不会吝啬。汇、句型及细节描写的话，阅卷老师给分绝不会吝啬。训练输入：注重基础，提升能力训练输入：注重基础，提升能力 写作出彩写作出彩 选词很重要选词很重要阅卷标准：阅卷标准：“使用词汇和语法结构的使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性、多样性准确性、恰当性、多样性”。高级词汇：高级词汇：具体性原则，晚词优先原则具体性原则，晚词优先原则（高中学段学到的第二反
45、应词）（高中学段学到的第二反应词）1)a good/nice man a warm-hearted/generous/easy-going man2)He is a good football player.He is an excellent football player.He is an outstanding football player.3)The meeting is very important.The meeting is of great important.The meeting is of vital significance4)In the coming three
46、years,our school life will be difficult.In the coming three years,our school life will be challenging.5)The floods caused the deaths of over a hundred people.The floods were responsible for the deaths of over a hundred people.训练输入：注重基础，提升能力训练输入：注重基础，提升能力 表示表示“看看”的词的词look、see、watch、gaze、glance、notice
47、、stare、glare等等 She sat gazing out of the window.She glanced round the room before she left.表示表示“走走”的词：的词：steal:偷偷地溜走。He stole out of the house without anyone seeing him.slip:趁人不注意溜走。She slipped into the room without being seen.tiptoe:踮着脚轻轻地走。She tiptoed to the bedside of the sleeping child.表示表示“跑跑”的
48、词的词 rush:争先恐后地跑。The students rushed out of the classroom after class.dash:像冲刺一样快跑。The train dashed past that small station.训练输入：注重基础，提升能力训练输入：注重基础，提升能力表示表示“心理状态心理状态”的的及物动词及物动词，大都含有，大都含有“使使”的意思。的意思。amaze使惊奇 amuse使快乐 astonish使惊奇,annoy使烦恼 bore使厌烦 worry使担忧delight使高兴 disappoint使失望 discourage使沮丧dumbfound使
49、目瞪口呆 move使感动 encourage使受鼓舞excite使兴奋 frighten使害怕 inspire使受鼓舞interest使感兴趣 please使高兴 fascinate使着迷puzzle使迷惑 relax使放松 satisfy使满意 surprise使惊奇 terrify使害怕 tire使疲劳 trouble使麻烦 upset使不安 confuse使混乱depress使沮丧 disgust使厌恶。这些动词的名词形式可以构成“to ones+名词”短语，意为“使某人的是”。如：to ones surprise；to ones satisfaction；to ones disappo
50、intment；to ones astonishment训练输入：注重基础，提升能力训练输入：注重基础，提升能力表示表示“情感情感”的词的词anxious：担心的 distracted：心烦意乱的bored：乏味的 surprised：惊讶的disgusted：厌恶的 terrified：极度惊慌的amazed：吃惊的 depressed：情绪低落的annoyed：气恼的 exhausted：精疲力竭的confused：困惑的 nervous：紧张的sleepy：欲睡的 confident：有自信的ashamed：耻辱的 embarrassed：尴尬的hopeful：抱有希望的 lonely：
