1、Unit 1 How can we become good learners? What is the relationship between body parts and language learning? listen listening ear say talk speak read ask answer repeat mouth vocabulary speaking pronunciation look see watch check reading eye vocabulary translate match write copy number grammar writing
2、hand She learns English by working with friends. She learns English by making flashcards. He learns English by reading the textbook. He learns English by making vocabulary lists. He learns English by listening to tapes. He learns English by asking the teacher for help. He learns English by watching
3、TV. She learns English by practicing with foreigners. How do you learn English? I learn by studying with a group. Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation. How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups. How can I improve my pronunciation? One wa
4、y is by listening to tapes. Grammar Focus 定定 义义: 它是一种兼有动词和名词特征它是一种兼有动词和名词特征 的非谓语动词形式。的非谓语动词形式。 基本形式基本形式: V-ing 作作 用用: 动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可 以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 性质性质 主语主语 表语表语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 定语定语 状语状语 动动 名名 词词 n. pron. 动名词的基本用法动名词的基本用法 1. 用作主语用作主语 所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动
5、作。 e.g. Playing with fire is dangerous. 注意：注意：动名词做主语，有时先用动名词做主语，有时先用it作作形式主语，形式主语， 把动名词置于句末把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中。这种用法在习惯句型中 常用。常用。 1) It is no use/ good / useless + doing 2) It is a waste of time + doing 3) It is fun + doing 在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。 e.g. Its no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收）
6、覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。和孩子们一起玩真好。 2. 用作宾语用作宾语 1) 作动词的宾语作动词的宾语 常见的此类动词有：常见的此类动词有：practise, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, depend on, think about, succeed in, worry about, be used to, get used to, look forward to, pay attention to, 等。
7、等。 e.g. How do you practice speaking? 2) 作介词的宾语作介词的宾语 1. I learn English by doing grammar exercises. 2. Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 3. He was late again because of getting up late. 4. Lock the doors and windows before going out. 5. What/How about the two of us playing games？
8、3) 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动 词有词有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达的意义不同。等，但表达的意义不同。 e.g. I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我记得在宾馆见过她。我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了动作发生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我记着要去宾馆见她。我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生动作尚未发生) 1. remember/forget/ regret to do 动作尚未发生动作尚未发生 doing
9、 动作已经发生动作已经发生 2. try to do 设法、努力去做，尽力设法、努力去做，尽力 doing 试试去做（看有何结果）试试去做（看有何结果） 3. mean to do 打算做（主语一般是人）打算做（主语一般是人） doing 意味着（主语一般是物）意味着（主语一般是物） 4. regret to do 对将要做的事抱歉对将要做的事抱歉 doing 对已经发生的事感到后悔对已经发生的事感到后悔 5. stop to do 停下去做另外一件事停下去做另外一件事 doing 停止做手头的事情停止做手头的事情 .作表语作表语 动名词作表语时动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示句子主语常是表示
10、无生命的事物的名词或无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名引导的名 词性从句词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对。表语动名词与主语通常是对 等的关系，表示主语的内容，等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表主语、表 语可互换位置语可互换位置。 e.g. Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。你的任务就是擦窗户。 (Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is
11、 what I hate most.) 动名词有动名词有时态和语态时态和语态的变化。的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式动名词的时态和语态的基本形式： （以（以write为例）为例） 时态时态 语态语态 一般时一般时 完成时完成时 主动语态主动语态 writing having written 被动语态被动语态 being written having been written 注意：注意：动名词的否定形式是：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 动名词的动名词的复合结构复合结构： 动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结 构构 Would you mi
12、nd _（我开窗户吗）（我开窗户吗）? Would you mind my / me opening the window? my/ me 称为动名词的逻辑主语。称为动名词的逻辑主语。 I cant understand Jack /Jacks leaving his wife. I cant understand his/him leaving his wife. Jacks/ His leaving his wife is unbelievable. 选择题：选择题： 1. My watch needs _, but I have no time to go to town to have
13、 it _. A. to repair; repaired B. to be repaired; repairing C. repairing; repaired D. being repaired; repaired 活学活用活学活用 2. You should apologize to your sister for _ her the truth. A. telling B. not telling C. telling not D. not tell 3. -The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _ it off. A.
14、turning B. turn C. to turn D. having turned 4. Hearing the bad news, the mother couldnt help _. A. to cry B. crying C. cry D. cries 5. Our teacher told us to spend some time _ English every day. A. to practise speaking B. practising speaking C. to practise to speak D. practising to speak 6. It is no
15、 use _ without doing. A. to promise B. promising C. promise D. to be promised 4a Match the questions and answers. 1. How do you practice speaking? 2. How do you learn new words? 3. How do you improve your writing? 4. How do you practice listening? 5. How do you improve your pronunciation? 6. How do
16、you learn grammar? a. By watching English programs. b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud. c. By having conversations with friends. d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot. e. By making word cards. f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals. Keys: 1. c 2. e 3. f 4. a 5. b 6. d 4b
17、Make sentences using the structure “do sth. by doing” with the subjects in the box and information that is true for you. math physics chemistry Chinese history geography e.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes/ reading books and newspapers speaking English with my classmates / memorizing
18、sentence patterns. Complete these statements. Use information that is true for you. a.I like to practice my English by taking notes / reading books and newspapers / speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns. b. I like to learn math by_ _. c.I like to practice my physics by_
19、_. d. I like to improve my chemistry by_ _ . e. I like to practice my Chinese by_ _. f. I like to improve my history and geography by_ _ 4c Check () what you do to learn English. Then interview your partner. A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises? B: Yes, I do. A: How often do you do the
20、m? B: . I learn English My partner learns by English by doing grammar exercises taking notes in English reading English books/magazines keeping a diary in English using an English dictionary yes no yes no how often how often every day every day every week 1. She learns English _ _. 根据所给图示用适当的词汇完成句子。
21、根据所给图示用适当的词汇完成句子。 English-language TV by watching 2. She learns English _ _. by reading the textbook 3. They learn English _ _. by asking the teacher for help 4. She learns English _ _. musicmusic by enjoying English songs 根据提示，用含有根据提示，用含有by的短语完成下列各题：的短语完成下列各题： 1. Come and sit _（我旁边）（我旁边） 2. _（到上星期日
22、）（到上星期日） I had finished the book 3. She came home _（乘飞机）（乘飞机） 4. Did you make the desk _(独自）独自）? 5_（顺便问下）（顺便问下）, how many people are there in your family? by me By last Sunday by plane by yourself By the way 6. It has been turned into water_ （受热）（受热） 7_（不久以后）（不久以后）, more and more people began to stu
23、dy English. 8. The Great Wall was built_ (用手用手) 9. Then _(逐渐地逐渐地) the smoke grew heavier and thicker until finally it turned into a terrible Genie 10. If your son feels well enough to watch TV_（到那时）（到那时）, hell be fine after the game by the heat By and by by hand little by little by then 根据要求完成句子，每空一
24、词。根据要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. My brother usually studies English by working with friends. (对画线部分提问对画线部分提问) _ _ your brother usually study English? 2. This boy isnt old enough to do this job. (改为同义句改为同义句) This boy is _ _ _ do this job. too young to How does 3. Cindy and her sister dance differently. (改为同义句改为同义
25、句) Cindy and her sister dance _ _ ways. 4. The best way of learning new words is by reading English magazines. (改为同义句改为同义句) The best way _ _ new words is by reading English magazines. different in to learn 汉译英。汉译英。 1. 我说英语的时候根本不怕犯错误。我说英语的时候根本不怕犯错误。 2. 最糟糕的是他没带钥匙就把门锁上了。最糟糕的是他没带钥匙就把门锁上了。 Im not afraid
26、 of making mistakes at all when I speak English. Worst of all, he locked the door without taking the key. 3. 最好的减肥方法就是少吃多运动。最好的减肥方法就是少吃多运动。 4. 离开教室前别忘了关灯关窗。离开教室前别忘了关灯关窗。 Dont forget to turn off the lights and close the windows before you leave the classroom. The best way of losing weight is to eat l
27、ess and do more exercise. 5. - 我没有同伴可以练习英语。我没有同伴可以练习英语。 - 或许，你应该参加一个英语俱乐部。或许，你应该参加一个英语俱乐部。 6. 大声朗读来练习发音怎么样？大声朗读来练习发音怎么样？ 7. 你为什么不参加一个英语俱乐部呢？你为什么不参加一个英语俱乐部呢？ Why dont you join an English language club? - I dont have a partner to practice English with. - Maybe you should join an English club. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? Make a survey and fill in the chart. Write a passage. Sample: name ways SA SB SC Speaking Watching movies Studying grammar Homework
