1、IntroductionThe tasks of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology(ORL)Study：ORL and esophagus,trachea and bronchianatomy,physiology and diseases1、The function&features of organs in ORLSpecial function：audition,olfaction,sense of taste,balancePhysiologic function：respiratory function，phonatory function and deglutitory
2、function，immune defensive function.Ordinary diseases：otitis media,rhinitis and sinusitis,pharyngitis and tonsillitis,laryngitis,deafness.Emergency cases：foreign body,traumatism,hematorrhea,laryngeal obstruction Tumor：carcinoma of nasopharynx,carcinoma of larynx,carcinoma of rhinosinus,carcinoma of m
3、iddle ear.2、Relationship with other organsNoseorbit,anterior cranial fossa,sellar area,oral cavityEarmiddle and posterior skull base,clivus,rhinopharynxPharynx and larynxoral cavity,rhinopharynx,trachea and bronchi,esophagus,obstructive sleep apnea syndrom(OSA)Infective focusrheumatic fever,arthriti
4、s,cardiac disorder,nephritisNasal cavity and sinusesNasal cavity-nasal vestibule，nasal fossa proper；Nasal septum(septal cartilage,vomer,perpendicular plate)，Lateral wall of the nose:turbinate,meatus,olfactory sulcusinferior turbinate&inferior meatus（下鼻甲、下鼻道）middle turbinate&middle meatus （中鼻甲、中鼻道）su
5、perior turbinate&superior meatus（上鼻甲、上鼻道）uncinate process（钩突）ethmoid bulla （筛泡）semilunar hiatus（半月裂）concha bullosa（筛泡）uncinate process（钩突）frontal sinus额窦 ethmoid sinus筛窦maxillary sinus上颌窦sphenoid sinus蝶窦choanae orposterior nares后鼻孔Blood supplyOphthalmic arteryanterior&posterior ethmoidal arteries(In
6、ternal carotid system)Internal maxillary arterysphenopalatine artery、infraorbital artery、greater palatine artery(External carotid system)Littles areanasopalatine,anterior ethmoidal,posterior ethmoidal,superior labial&greater palatine arteriesNerve supply of the nasal cavityolfactory nerve，sensory nerve，and sympathetic nerve,parasympathetic nerve.
