1、非谓语动词非谓语动词高考北京卷近几年非谓语动词考查数量：2006220071200842009320102英语基本句式：英语基本句式：1.1.2.2.3.3.4.4.5.5.主主+谓谓主主+谓谓+宾宾主主+系系+表表主主+谓谓+宾宾+补补主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾他已经到了。他已经到了。我们在学英语。我们在学英语。你看上去不高兴。你看上去不高兴。我们发现他还活着。我们发现他还活着。妈妈给我买了台电脑。妈妈给我买了台电脑。非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词的用法句子成分句子成分主主 谓谓 宾宾 表表 定定 状状 补补不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词不定式不定式 动名词动名词 现在现在分词分词 过去过
2、去分词分词 非非谓谓语语动动词词的的形形式式 to be doing to have done having done having done to be done to have been done being done having been done being done having been done to do doing doing done一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式一般式一般式完成式完成式一般式一般式完成式完成式一般式一般式1.做做主语主语和和宾语宾语：不定式不定式 to do 动名词动名词 doinge.g.1.e.g.1.教书教书是我的工作。是我的工作。2.2.帮
3、助别人帮助别人是我们的职责。是我们的职责。3.3.他在练习他在练习弹钢琴弹钢琴。4.4.当老师进来时，他假装当老师进来时，他假装在看书在看书。Teaching/To teach is my job.Helping /To help others is our duty.He is practising playing the piano.When the teacher came in,he pretended to be reading.e.g.1.e.g.1.完成这项工作完成这项工作花了我们两个小时的时间。花了我们两个小时的时间。2 2 我们学英语我们学英语很重要。很重要。3.3.你帮助我
4、你帮助我真是太好了。真是太好了。4.4.跟他谈跟他谈没有用。没有用。5.5.我发现我发现学一门外语学一门外语很有必要。很有必要。It took us two hours to finish the job.It is important for us to study English.It is very kind of you to help me.It is no use talking with him.I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.It is+adj/n to do sthIt is+adj/n to do sthIt
5、is+adj(of sb)to do sthIt is+adj(of sb)to do sthIt is+adj/n doing sth It is+adj/n doing sth V+it+adj/n()to do/doing V+it+adj/n()to do/doing important,necessary,strange,important,necessary,strange,possible,a pity,fun,ones duty possible,a pity,fun,ones duty kind,nice,wrong,wise,clever,kind,nice,wrong,w
6、ise,clever,silly,stupid,careless,rude,cruel silly,stupid,careless,rude,cruel(no)use,(no)good,useless(no)use,(no)good,useless (for sb)(for sb)(sbs)(sbs)A跟不定式的动词：跟不定式的动词：decide,determine,learn,wish,expect,hope,long,desire,manage,refuse,pretend,offer,afford,promise,choose,plan,intend,agree,help跟动名词的动词：
7、跟动名词的动词：consider,advise,suggest,excuse,admit,allow,aviod,delay,dislike,enjjoy,escape,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,resist,riskBa)b)既跟不定式又动名词的动词：既跟不定式又动名词的动词：B begin startD like love preferC need want requireA continueF go on remember forget try mean regret cant help to do/doing to do doing
8、doing/to be done to do/doing to do doing123人们在开始重视这个问题。人们在开始重视这个问题。天开始下起雨来。天开始下起雨来。他开始意识到他的错误。他开始意识到他的错误。E hate to do doingstart,begin本身是本身是ing形式时，形式时，主语不指人时，主语不指人时，接表接表“心理活动心理活动”的动词时。的动词时。c)C疑问词疑问词+非谓语动词非谓语动词wh+to doI worked with children before,so I know what _ I worked with children before,so I k
9、now what _ in my new life.in my new life.A.A.expected B.to expect expected B.to expectC.to be expecting D.expectsC.to be expecting D.expectsDThere be 的非谓语动词形式的非谓语动词形式：We didnt expect that there were so many people.We didnt expect that there were so many people.We didnt expect _so many people.We didn
10、t expect _so many people.He dreamed that there was a school in his hometown.He dreamed that there was a school in his hometown.He dreamed of _ a school in his He dreamed of _ a school in his hometown.hometown.there to bethere beingthere to bethere being1.1.我的工作是教书。我的工作是教书。2.2.我的工作很有趣。我的工作很有趣。3.3.我们现
11、在马上要做的是帮助他们。我们现在马上要做的是帮助他们。4.4.这只铅笔断了。这只铅笔断了。5.5.这消息令人激动。这消息令人激动。6.6.孩子们很激动。孩子们很激动。1.My job is 1.My job is to teach.to teach.teaching.teaching.2.My job is 2.My job is interesting.interesting.3.What we should do right now is 3.What we should do right now is to help them.to help them.4.The pencil is 4
12、.The pencil is broken.broken.5.The news is 5.The news is exciting.exciting.6.The children are 6.The children are excited.excited.2.做做表语表语：不定式不定式 to do 动名词动名词 doing 分词分词 doing/done a sleeping baby a sleeping bag the house _ now the house _ last year the house _ next year 正在熟睡的孩子正在熟睡的孩子 睡袋睡袋 being bui
13、lt being built built built to be built to be built3.做做定语定语：不定式不定式 to do 动名词动名词 doing 分词分词 doing/done(a baby who is sleeping)(a baby who is sleeping)(a bag for sleeping)(a bag for sleeping)分词作定语，与所修饰词有主谓关系（a baby is sleeping）；动名词作定语，说明所修饰词的用途。AB名词+to do(将要发生)名词+being done(正在被)名词+done(已被)the rising su
14、n the risen sun fallen leaves falling leavesa puzzling problemhis puzzled look running water a stolen bike正在初生的太阳正在初生的太阳已经升起的太阳已经升起的太阳落叶落叶正在飘落的叶子正在飘落的叶子一个令人迷惑的问题一个令人迷惑的问题他（感到）迷惑的表情他（感到）迷惑的表情及物动词：及物动词：doing 主动主动,done 被动被动不及物动词：不及物动词：doing 正在发生正在发生,done 已发生已发生自来水自来水一辆被偷的自行车一辆被偷的自行车表心情或情绪的及物动词：表心情或情绪的及
15、物动词：doing 令人令人的的,done 感到感到的的CDENote:a)a)单个的分词作定语，通常位于所修饰词前，分词单个的分词作定语，通常位于所修饰词前，分词短语作定语，通常位于所修饰词后。短语作定语，通常位于所修饰词后。b)b)不定式时作定语位于所修饰词后。不定式时作定语位于所修饰词后。onlyonly、firstfirst、lastlast、nextnext、序数词序数词+名词名词+不定式不定式 名词名词+to do&名词名词+to be done?The meeting _ tomorrow is important.The meeting _ tomorrow is import
16、ant._ _ There is a lot of work _.There is a lot of work _.I have a lot of work _.I have a lot of work _.Give me something _.Give me something _.Give me a pen _.Give me a pen _.to be held to be held to take place to take place to do/to be done to do/to be done to drink to drink to write with to write
17、 with to do to doDo you have any clothes to wash?Do you have any clothes to be washed?With the problems _,the president will have a relaxing time.With many problems _,the new president will have a hard time.With many problems_,people demanded to take measures about it immediately.Compare:settled to
18、settle to be settled不不 1.定定 2.式式 3.分分词词 目的目的结果结果原因原因 他大声说话以便别人能听到。他匆忙赶到车站结果发现火车已经离开了。见到你我很高兴。1.2.3.4.5.6.7.伴随伴随时间时间条件条件让步让步结果结果原因原因方式方式他坐在沙发上，看他喜欢的电视节目。完成了工作，他离开了办公室。如果加热水会变成气体。虽然她出生在美国，他说了一口流利的中文。上个月一场台风袭击了这个地区，12人丧生。因为病了，他今天呆在家里。见到我，他跑了过来。4.做做状语状语：不定式不定式 分词分词 He spoke loud He spoke loud in order t
19、o be heardin order to be heard.He hurried to the station,He hurried to the station,to find the train had leftto find the train had left.I am glad I am glad to see youto see you.He sat in the sofa,He sat in the sofa,watching watching his favorite programme.his favorite programme.Having finished Havin
20、g finished his work,he left the office.his work,he left the office.Heated,Heated,water can turn into gas.water can turn into gas.Born in US,Born in US,he speaks Chinese fluently.he speaks Chinese fluently.A typhoon struck the area,A typhoon struck the area,killing 12 people.killing 12 people.Being i
21、ll,Being ill,he stayed home.he stayed home.Seeing Seeing me,he came me,he came running.running.区分：区分：doing done主动主动被动被动（与主语的关系）（与主语的关系）doing having done同时同时之前之前（与谓语动（与谓语动词的关系）词的关系）老师要求我们按时到。我发现她正在树下读书。他醒来，发现自己被绑在树上。我们称之为四足行走。5.做做补语补语：不定式不定式 分词分词 动名词动名词The teacher asked us _on time.The teacher asked
22、us _on time.I found her _ under the tree.I found her _ under the tree.He woke up and found himself _ He woke up and found himself _ to a tree.to a tree.We call it _ on four feet.We call it _ on four feet.to be to be reading reading tied tied walking walking接非谓语动词做宾补的接非谓语动词做宾补的“感观动词感观动词”&“使役动词使役动词”he
23、ar,listen to hear,listen to look at,see,notice,watch,observe look at,see,notice,watch,observe feel,find feel,find do dosb/sth sb/sth doingdoing done done感官感官动词动词听听看看感觉感觉发现发现使役动词使役动词 “使、让使、让”have have let let make make keep keep leave leave allow allow ask ask get getlet sb let sb do do do do done donemake sb/sthmake sb/sth do do done donesb/sthsb/sth keep keep leave leave do do doing doing done donehave sb/sthhave sb/sth to do to do to be done to be donesb/sthsb/sth ask ask allow allow to do to do(to be)done(to be)done doing doingget sb/sthget sb/sthThe EndThe End
