1、语法辅修刘爽2Strength&courageIt takes strength to fit in.It takes courage to stand out.It takes strength to feel a friends pain.It takes courage to feel your own pain.It takes strength to hide your own pain.It takes courage to show them.It takes strength to survive.It takes courage to live.适应环境需要力量。适应环境需要
2、力量。与众不同需要勇气。与众不同需要勇气。感觉朋友的痛需要力量。感觉朋友的痛需要力量。感觉自己的痛需要勇气。感觉自己的痛需要勇气。隐藏自己的痛需要力量。隐藏自己的痛需要力量。展示自己的痛需要勇气。展示自己的痛需要勇气。生存需要力量。生存需要力量。生活需要勇气。生活需要勇气。It作形式主语作形式主语 动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首。12/14/2022It作形式主语1.It+be+形容词+主语从句 It is uncertain whether he can come to Jennys birthday party or not.1
3、2/14/2022It作形式主语2.It+be+名词词组(+for sb.)+主语从句这类名词有：a fact,a pity,a shame,an honor，a question等。Its a pity that you missed the exciting football match.It remains a question whether he will come or not.12/14/2022It作形式主语3.It+be+过去分词+主语从句 这类过去分词有：announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,show
4、n等。It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.12/14/2022It 作形式主语4.It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,occur 等)+主语从句 It seemed that he didnt tell the truth.It happened that I was out when he called.ItneveroccurredtomethatIwouldtrav
5、elto America.Itappearsthattheywont beabletocomeat all.12/14/2022It 作形式主语5.It+be+形容词+（for sb.）+动词不定式 常用形容词easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wise等作表语 Its necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.It is unwise to give the children whatever they want.12/14/2022It 作形式主语6.It+be+形容词+of s
6、b.+动词不定式 形容词：kind,nice stupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等 Its very kind of you to help me with the work.=You are kind to help me.It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.12/14/2022It 作形式主
7、语 7.It+be+名词词组+动词不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.12/14/2022It 作形式主语8.It+be+名词或形容词+动名词，名词和形容词：good,no good,no use,a waste of,useless,senseless,no hope,hopeless等 Its a waste of time talking to her any more.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.12/14/2022It 作形式主语 9.It+take(sb.
8、)+时间（金钱）+动词不定式 It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.12/14/2022练习题1.In fact，is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.this B.that C.there D.itIt+be+名词词组（名词词组（+for sb.）+动词不
9、定式动词不定式D12/14/2022练习题2.It is never too late to learn,_?A.is it B.isnt it C.does it D.doesnt it BIt+be+形容词形容词+动词不定式动词不定式12/14/2022练习题 is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It It+be+名词词组名词词组+主语从句主语从句D12/14/2022练习题4._ will take you a lot of time t
10、o find him in the crowd.A.It B.I C.We D.They It+take(sb.)+时间（金钱）时间（金钱）+动词不定式动词不定式A12/14/2022练习题1.(1)_ is known to us all is that English is a useful language.(2)_ is known to us all,English is a useful language.(3)_ is known to us all that English is a useful language.A.It B.What C.That D.As BDAIt+b
11、e+过去分词过去分词+主语从句主语从句 12/14/2022练习题2.(1)It is kind _ you to do so.(2)It is easy _ you to do so.A.to B.for C.of D.with CBIt+be+形容词形容词+for sb.+动词不定式动词不定式It+be+形容词形容词+of sb.+动词不定式动词不定式12/14/2022练习题3.(1)_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(2)_ is no need for us to discu
12、ss the problem again since it has already been settled.(3)_ is unnecessary for you to explain it to us any more.A.This B.That C.It D.There CDCIt+be+名词词组名词词组+主语从句主语从句It+be+形容词形容词+（for sb.）+动词不定动词不定式式以以It开头的句型开头的句型12/14/2022以it开头的句型1.it+特定动词+asif从句 特定动词：appear,seem等。Itappearsasifyouareverytired.12/14/
13、2022以it开头的句型2.ithasbeen/is+一段时间+since从句ItissixyearssinceIbegantoworkhere.IthasbeensixyearssinceIworkedhere.12/14/2022以it开头的句型3.it+be+一段时间+before从句Itwontbealongtimebeforewefinishcooking.Itwasfourdaysbeforetheyfoundthelostchild.12/14/2022以it开头的句型4.itis(high)time+that从句=itis(high)timeforsb.todosth 从句谓语
14、要用一般过去时，也可用shoulddo ItishightimethatIwenttoseemymotherinthehospital.Itistimeforyoutodoyourhomework.12/14/2022以it开头的句型5.itis/was+强调内容+that/who从句ItisinthestreetthatIcameacrossMr.Li.Itwasmyfriendwhopickedmeupatthestation.12/14/2022练习题1.(1)It was eight oclock _ he left here.(2)It is at eight oclock _ he
15、 will leave here.(3)It is eight hours _ he left here.(4)It will be eight hours _ we meet again.A.when B.that C.before D.since ABDC12/14/2022练习题2.(1)Its good _ you to take a walk after supper every day.(2)It was really stupid _ him to refuse the invitation.A.of B.to C.for D.at CA12/14/2022练习题3.(1)Was
16、 it on Nov.lst,_ the famous scientist was born?(2)Was it Nov.1st,_the famous scientist was born?A.in which B.on that C.that D.when CD12/14/2022练习题4.(1)It is about ten days _ he returned home.(2)It was ten days ago _ he left home.A.before B.that C.since D.whenCD12/14/2022练习题5.(1)It was not until I ha
17、d read your letter _ the truth.(2)Not until I had read your letter _ the truth.A.did I learn B.I didnt learn C.that I learned D.that I had learnedCA 12/14/2022练习题有必要把这一切都告诉他父亲吗?熬夜没有好处。很显然，他读过这本书。他说什么没关系。Is it necessary to tell his father everything?Its no good sitting up too late.It is quite clear t
18、hat he has read the book.It doesnt matter what he says.It作形式宾语作形式宾语 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语.12/14/2022It 作形式宾语 有宾语补足语的情况12/14/2022It 作形式宾语 it代替不定式短语 表示“感觉”/“看待”的动词+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语 I find it pleasant to work with him.They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.She t
19、hinks it her duty to help us.I think it my honor to be invited to speak here.Tom didnt find it difficult to write letters in Chinese.All these noises made it impossible for me to go on with the work.12/14/2022It 作形式宾语 it代替动名词短语 The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.Do you
20、consider it any good trying again?He found it useless(no use)arguing with him.He thought it absolutely senseless attempting the impossible.I dont think it worthwhile going to such a place.12/14/2022It作形式宾语 it代替宾语从句 We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelled.I took it for
21、 granted that they were not coming.Ill see to it that everything is ready in time.12/14/2022练习题1.Idontthink_possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchwork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.itDit代替不定式短语代替不定式短语 12/14/2022It作形式宾语 没有宾语补足语的情况12/14/2022It 作形式宾语1.动词itwhen/if 从句常见动词appreciate,enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate
22、,preferWe would much appreciate it if you could do us that favor.Id prefer it if I didnt have to finish the work.12/14/2022It作形式宾语2.动词+it+that从句。常见动词like,take,have,putI take it that they will succeed sooner or later.The newspapers have it that some Japanese firms have gone bankrupt.12/14/2022It作形式宾语
23、3.动词+it+介词短语+that从句。常见短语bring it to ones attention;owe it to sb;take it for granted I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.Dont take it for granted that they will support you.12/14/2022It作形式宾语4.动词+介词(短语)+it+that从句。常见介词answer for,depend on,rely on,insist on,look to,see to,stick to Ill see to
24、 it that everything is ready in time.You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English.12/14/20225.动词+it+过去分词+从句。常见于几个可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词之后。I heard it said that that factory was founded in 1995.They havent made it known where the meeting is to take place.12/14/2022It 作形式宾语I would appreciate it_ you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.A.until B.if C.when D.thatB12/14/2022练习题2.Wealltook_forgrantedthathewouldagreewithus.A.itB.himC.thatD.whatA
