1、被动语态1.复习已学知识2.被动语态讲解3.被动语态用法4.被动语态练习题目录目录复习已学相关知识复习已学相关知识1时态时态目前为止学过什么？目前为止学过什么？简单句的基本构成简单句的基本构成简单句复习简单句复习1.标出句子的成分：Weareplayingfootball.Isawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.时态复习时态复习1.Icalledyouat4:00yesterdayafternoon,butnooneanswered.Sorry,I_withmyfriendsatthattime.A.swimB.swamC.willswimD,wasswi
2、mming2.Sofarthisyear,manynewhouses_inWenchuanwiththehelpofthegovernment.A.buildB.arebuiltC.willbuildD.havebeenbuilt被动语态讲解被动语态讲解2 英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态主动语态(the Active Voice)被动语态被动语态(the Passive Voice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。We planted the tree.B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。The tree was planted by us.(一)被动语态基本用法:当句子
3、的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。We speak English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English is spoken by us.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态They cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天他们打扫了教室。昨天他们打扫了教室。The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday.昨天教室被他们打扫了。昨天教室被他们打扫了。be+过去分词过去分词(二二)被动语态的
4、基本结构被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化1.一般现在时：is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词 2.一般过去时：was/were+及物动词的过去分词 3.现在/过去完成时：has/have/had+been+及物动词的过去分词 被动语态构成被动语态构成被动语态构成被动语态构成4.一般将来时：will+be+及物动词的过去分词 5.含有情态动词：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 6.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词过去分词的变化过去分词的变化形式形式1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后
5、加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone1.Now English _ by
6、more and more people all over the word.A.speaks B.is spoken C.was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：主语主语+am/is/are+PP2.The lost boy _ at the street corner last night.A.was found B.is found C.was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：主语主语+was/were+PP3.More man-made satellites _ in the future.A.will send up B.wil
7、l be sent up C.are sent up一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：主语主语+will+be+PP主语主语+be going to+be+PP4.Three bridges _ since last year.A.have built B.were built C.have been built现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：主语主语+have/has+been+PP5.Flowers _ every day.A.has been watered B.should be watered C.should water含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被
8、动语态：情态动词情态动词+be+PP被动语态用法被动语态用法3主动语态变被动语态主动语态变被动语态(1)把来的提到前面作被动语态的(2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如：They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.主变被步骤主变被步骤:1.找宾语找宾语:即动作的承受者即动作的承受者(改为主语改为主语)He washed his
9、 car yesterday.His car3.判断判断新主语新主语的单复数的单复数:确定确定be动词的单复数动词的单复数.be?4.判断动词的时态判断动词的时态:即即be动词的时态动词的时态.2.修改谓语的语态修改谓语的语态:即即be+原原V.过去分词过去分词 washed5.修改原句的主语修改原句的主语:即即by+主语主语(变宾格变宾格).(by him)yesterday.1.Tom broke the window.The window 2.She broke the windows.The windows 3.He cleans the classroom everyday.The
10、classroom was broken by Tom.were broken by her.is cleaned by himbe动词的动词的单复数单复数变化变化:everyday.1.They will finish the work in ten days.in ten days.3.Amy can take good care of the cat A traffic accident _(happen)just now.happened2.连系动词连系动词（Link.v.)如：如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,becomeP
11、eking Opera _(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示当此动词表示事物的自然属性事物的自然属性的时候的时候:The pen _(write)very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _(sell)well.sells1.不及物动词不及物动词（vi.)如如:happen,take place,appear,disappear,不用被动语态的动词：不用被动语态的动词：表示主语的自然属性特征表示主语的自然属性特征well/badly/easily/smoothly),常见动词：常见动词：read,write,sell,wash,cle
12、an,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well A.were sold B.sell C.have sold D.are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washed被动语态练习被动语态练习4被动语态回忆录（请用一分钟回忆老师刚刚讲过的以下内容）被动语态回忆录（请用一分钟回忆老师刚刚讲过的以下内容）1.Many accidents_ by careless drivers last year.A.are
13、 caused B.were causedC.have caused D.will cause2.An official _ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterday.A.is interviewing B.is interviewed C.was interviewing D.was interviewed3.Today a lot of information can _ online.A.receive B.be received C.is received D.receiving4.Im glad to find
14、that many trees_ in our city last year.A.plant B.planted C.were planted D.are planted5.Driving after drinking wine in China.A.allows B.doesnt allow C.is allowed D.isnt allowed6.Dont worry.Your package here until you come back,so enjoy shopping here.A.will keep B.has kept C.will be kept D.has been kept7.Its true that Shakespeares play _ by so many people every year.A.see B.will see C.are seeing D.are seen
