1、中考一轮复习中考一轮复习被动语态比较级最高级被动语态 一.构成 二.用法 三.主动语态变被动语态的方法 四.题型练习一.构成 be+动词的过去分词一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are+动词过去分词动词过去分词The room is cleaned every day.一般过去时was/were+动词过去分词Jim was asked to go there.一般将来时will be+动词过去分词Lots of tees will be planted on the hill next year.am/is/are+动词过去分词Your watch is going to be repaire
2、d.现在完成时have/has been+动词过去分词Man-made satellites have been sent up in to space by many countries.过去完成时had been+动词过去分词Mr Green had lived in New York for ten years before he came to China.现在进行时现在进行时am/is are being+动词过动词过去分词去分词Look!The children are being taken care of by their aunt.过去进行时was/were being+动词
3、过去分词The room was being cleaned by him at nine yesterday morning.过去将来时would+be+动词过去分词(+by sb)His brother said that the homework would be finished by him in half an hour.二.用法（1）不知道或者没必要说明动作的执行者是谁 eg.Rice is grown well there.（2）强调动作的承受者 eg.I was sent to teach them English.（3）出于礼貌考虑不愿意说出动作的执行者是谁 eg.He w
4、as asked to give a talk on how to learn English.（4）固定句式 eg.It is said/reported that三.主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）先确定句子的主谓宾，找出谓语（2）把主动句子中的谓语动词后的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，应把宾格变主格（3）把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。（4）把主句中的谓语动词变为“be+动词的过去分词”，但时态不能变。eg.The workers make machines in this factory.Machines are ma
5、de by the workers in this factory.注意：注意：（1）在主动语态中用省略to的动词不定式作宾补时，变被动语态时要把to加上，make，hear，see等 eg.I often heard her sing in the next room last year.She was often heard to sing(by me)in the next room last year.（2）带双宾语动词的被动语态间接宾语变主语，直接宾语不变 eg.He gave me a new book.I was given a new book by him.直接宾语变主语，间
6、接宾语前通常加介词to或for。加to的动词有give，bring，pass，lend，read，write，teach，show，加for的介词有，buy，sing，choose，make，leave，mend等。eg.He gave me a new book.A new book was given to me by him.四.题型练习1.He Jiang_to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month.A.invites B.invited C.is invited D.was
7、invited2.Students do less homework now.Usually it _ before 9 oclock in the evening.A.finishes B.finished C.is finished D.was finished 3.-Lily,will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?-Im not sure.Because I _so far.A.havent invited B.wasnt invited C.havent been invited D.will be onvited4.Pa
8、rents should allow their children to choose their own clothes.（改）Children should _ _to choose their own clothes by their parents.be allowedIt is+adj+for/of sb to do与adj+enough to do 一.It is+adj+for sb to do 做某事对某人来说是.的 常见的形容词有important，necessary，easy，difficult，possible，hard eg.It is useful for me to
9、 learn a foreign language.It is not easy for her to so so much work in a day.二.It is+adj+of sb to do 某人做某事是.的 常见的形容词有kind，good，nice，clever，foolish，polite 这些形容词都是描述人的品格和性格的词注意：注意：1.it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。2.sb和不定式之间存在主动关系。三.adj+enough to do adj+enough to do=so.thatThe man is strong enough to carry the bo
10、x.The man is so strong that he can carry the box.adj+enough for sb to do=so.thatThe question is easy enough for me to work out.The question is so easy that I can work it out.not+adj+enough to do=so that=too.toThe girl is not old enough to dress herself.The girl is so young that she cant dress hersel
11、f.The girl is too young to dress herself.not+adj+enough for sb to do=so.that=too.for sb to doThe box is not light enough for her to move.The box is so heavy that she cant move it.The box is too heavy for her to move.四.题型练习1.It is necessary for us_to our parents when we have problems.A.to talk B.talk
12、ing C.talk D.talks2.It is kind _this girl to help me do lots of things.A.at B.for C.of D.in3.It is nice of you _me with my maths.A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped4.In the past it was difficult for the poor _ a job.A.ind B.to find C.look D.to look for5.Jim is strong enough_the heavy box.A.to carry
13、B.carry C.carrying D.carried副词及其比较级与最高级 一.副词原级 二.副词比较级和最高级的构成 三.副词比较级和最高级的用法 四.题型练习一.副词原级 副词可以用来修饰动词，形容词，副词本身，整个句子。副词的主要构成规则如下：1.直接在形容词后加-ly：quiet-quietly quick-quickly 2.以y结尾且y读音为 i 的，变y为i，再加-ly：happy-happily heavy-heavily 3.以辅音字母加-le结尾，去e加-y：simple-simply terrible-terribly 4.以ll结尾，只需加-y：full-fully
14、 dull-dully二.副词比较级和最高级的构成（1）规则变化单音节词和少数单音节词和少数双音节词双音节词一般在词尾加一般在词尾加-er-estsoonsoonersoonest以字母e结尾的直接加-r-stwidewiderwidest以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变i，再加-er-estearlyearliererliest多数双音节词和多音节词在词前加more mosthappilymore happilymost happily（2）不规则变化原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleast
15、farfartherfarthestfurtherfurther三.副词比较级和最高级的用法1.比较级+than+比较对象，“一者比另一者”eg.Its rining harder than never.2.the+比较级，the+比较级，“越.越.”eg.The earlier you start your work,the sooner you ll get it finished.3.as+副词原级+as+比较对象，用于肯定形式 eg.His step mother loved him as dearly as his own mother.4.not so/as+副词原级+as+比较对
16、象 eg.They are not able to read so freely as their teacher.5.（the）+最高级+表示范围的短语或从句，副词最高级前的the通常可以省略。eg.Of all the subjects I like English best.6.比较级前可用表示程度的a little，a bit，a lot，much，far等修饰 eg.He is now working much harder than before.四.题型练习1.I cant telll the exact time.My watch goes a few minutes _.A.
17、sooner B.faster C.later D.longer2.Emma looked afer her pet dog _of all her friend.A.careful B.most careful C.more carefully D.the most carefully3.The young should speak to the old _.A.polite B.politely C.impolite D.impolitely4.Tony is not as clever as Lucy，but he works _than her.A.hard B.harder C.ha
18、rdest D.the hardest5.We are so glad to see Meizhou is developing _these days than it did before.A.more quickly B.quicklier C.most quickly D.the most quickly6.-Who ran _of all in the sports meeting?-Hector did,I think.A.fast B.faster C.the fastest D.more fast7.We held a concert in the hall yesterday.Kate sang _among the singers.A.good B.well C.better D.best
