1、英语简单句英语简单句 知识要点：一、句子成分 二、五种简单句结构 三、巩固练习一、句子的主要成分一、句子的主要成分1.句子的主语，可作主语的词主要有名词、人称代词主格、动名词、不定式、名词性物主代词。Shanghai is a big city in the world.She likes Pancake Man very much.To learn English well is not easy.2.句子的谓语，主要是动词。Do you like tfboys?Deng Chao is very funny in Running man.3.句子的宾语，可作宾语的词和可作主语的词一样（但主
2、格不能做宾语）。Many people like iphone6.Do you like it?The girl is fond of that dress.4.句子的定语，作定语的词以形容词为主，部分名词也可以作定语。作定语的词主要置于名词前起修饰限定的作用。形容词性物主代词也可作定语。I think it is an interesting book.Where is your mother?5.句子的状语，主要是表示时间的时间状语，如：usually，often，always，now，just now，in a year，two weeks ago等，表示地点的地点状语，如：there，
3、here，in the hospital，on the earth，on the desk，behind the door，in front of the classroom，表示方式的状语by car,with a penThey usually go fishing on weekends.There is a blue hat behind the door.Going there by car is more expensive than by train.6.句子的补语，主要是宾语补足语（举例说明即可）。Running Man often makes me laugh.You sho
4、uld have your hair cut.7.句子的表语，主要是形容词和名词，不定式、动名词、人称代词宾格、反身代词也可以构成“系表”结构中的表语。His dream is to be a pilot.It is me.Most trees turn green in spring.Quiz 分析下列句子成分1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportshoes.5.Hebroke
5、apieceofglass.6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.二、英语简单句的基本句型二、英语简单句的基本句型a.主主+系系+表表 I am a student.主语 系动词 表语 She is tall.主语 系动词 表语Mary often falls ill in winter.（Mary是名词，在句中作主语；often是时间状语；falls在本句中是系动词，其后接形容词ill作表语；in winter是表示时间的短语，在句中作时间状语。）It is me.它就是我。（it是人称代词，在句中作主语；is是系动词；me是人称代词宾格，在句中作表语
6、。）英语句子中能作系动词的以be为主，其它的还有fall，feel，taste，smell，sound，look，turn，get，become等。b.主主+谓语（不及物动词）谓语（不及物动词）I work in a factory.我在一个工厂工作。（本句中I是主语；work是行为动词，作谓语；in a factory是地点状语，它不受work作用，故它不作work的宾语。）He often reads in the library.他常常在图书馆阅读。（本句中He是主语；reads是行为动词，作谓语；in the library是地点状语，它不受reads作用，故它不作reads的宾语；o
7、ften常常，是时间状语。）c.主主+谓语（及物动词）谓语（及物动词）+宾宾Feng Yun likes science fiction.He often reads English in the library.他常常在图书馆读英语。（本句与上一句相比就会发现：本句中的reads后多了一词English，它就是及物动词reads作用的宾语。）d.主主+谓语谓语+间宾间宾+直宾（间接宾语直宾（间接宾语 直接宾语）直接宾语）这类谓语动词一般都是及物动词，以tell，give，ask，show为主。Mary gives me a book.马丽给我一本书。（Mary，名词，在句子中做主语；give
8、s，及物动词，在句中做谓语；me，人称代词宾格，在句中做宾语；a book名词，在句中做宾语。）Gao Fei tells Li Ming a story.高飞讲了个故事给李明听。（Gao Fei，名词，在句子中做主语；tells，及物动词，在句中做谓语；Li Ming，名词，在句中做宾语；a story名词，在句中做宾语。）e.主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补 Rainy days make me sad.I hear him singing in the next room.（本句中make是谓语，me是make的宾语，sad起补充说明的作用，所以是宾语补足语）分析以下句子的句型结构分析以下句子
9、的句型结构1.Mother is my hero.（主系表主系表）2.The story sounds interesting.（主系表主系表 ）3.The meeting begins at half past nine.（主谓主谓 ）4.I wrote a passage last night.（主谓宾主谓宾 ）5.The singer sang another song.（主谓宾主谓宾 ）6.I bought Mary a book.（主谓双宾主谓双宾 ）7.He left happily.（主谓主谓 ）8.Mr.Chen teaches us Chinese.（主谓双宾主谓双宾 ）9.
10、The teacher asked me to read the passage.（主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补）10.We thought this job easy.（主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补 ）巩固练习 1.我的兄弟都是大学生。Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。Attheageoffifteen,hebecameafamouspianist.5.孩子们
11、，请保持安静。Children,keepquietplease.6.这本书是有关美国历史的书。ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.7.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.汉译英课时总结句子成分句子成分简单句类型简单句类型例句例句主语主谓Tomworksinabigcompany.谓语主谓宾Icanseea bird inthepicture.宾语主谓双宾Shegavemeaboxofchocolate,表语主谓宾宾补Heleftthewindowopen.定语主系表Thatbuildingistallandnew.状语补语
