1、定语从句定语从句一一.概念（是什么）：概念（是什么）：1.定语：定语：2.从句：3.定语从句：定语：用来定语：用来限制范围限制范围，也可以说是，也可以说是修饰句子当中的名词亦或是代词的句子成分修饰句子当中的名词亦或是代词的句子成分，定语主要就是带有形容词性质的词语或者句子，当其为句子的时候，我们又可以定语主要就是带有形容词性质的词语或者句子，当其为句子的时候，我们又可以称这个句子为定语从句，名词、代词、数词等等词语在一定情况下也可以当做定称这个句子为定语从句，名词、代词、数词等等词语在一定情况下也可以当做定语使用。语使用。从句：是复合句里的一个句子成分。它不能独立成句，但它也有主语部分和谓从句
2、：是复合句里的一个句子成分。它不能独立成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分。所不同的是，它必须由一个关联词来引导。语部分。所不同的是，它必须由一个关联词来引导。定语从句：当定语的表现形式为句子的时候，这个句子也会被我们叫做定语从定语从句：当定语的表现形式为句子的时候，这个句子也会被我们叫做定语从句。句。在一个句子当中，被定语从句修饰的对象主体(通常是词语的表现形式)，会被我们称为是“先行词”。处在定语从句之间，对该定语从句起到引导与连接作用的词语，责被我们叫做“关系词”。什么是定语从句？什么是定语从句？他他 讨厌讨厌 吓人的吓人的 狗狗子子。He hates scary dogs.宾宾主主定定定定
3、谓谓谓谓主主宾宾他他 讨厌讨厌 追他追他的的 狗子狗子。宾宾谓谓定语从句定语从句主主He hatesdogs that chase him.宾宾谓谓主主定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句:修饰名词修饰名词或代词的句子或代词的句子定语从句的结构定语从句的结构He hates dogs that chase him.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句关系词关系词先行词先行词：被修饰的名词或代词被修饰的名词或代词 关系词关系词：1.1.连接作用连接作用 2.2.充当成分充当成分 3.3.指代先行词指代先行词定语从句定义结构定语从句关系词修饰名词或代词的句子先行词关系词被修饰的名词或代词引导定语从句的关联词关
4、系代词关系副词who whom that which whose aswhen where why eg.He hates dogs that chase him.定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词关系代词关系代词先行词先行词在句子所做的成分在句子所做的成分主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语物物人人主语、宾语主语、宾语人人人、物人、物主语、宾语主语、宾语、表语表语人、物人、物主语、宾语主语、宾语宾语宾语人、物人、物定语定语thatwhichWho Whomwhoseas1.who指人指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。省略。Ye are c
5、oncerned about people _have suffered a lot in the earthquake.Danny was the man _we rescued from the ruins.who(作主语作主语)(作宾语作宾语)(who)关系代词的用法关系代词的用法2.whom指人指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。代替。Rose is the person _you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。罗丝是你应该关心的人。(who/whom)(作宾语作宾语)关系代词的用法关系代词的用法3.whi
6、ch指物指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。可省略。They ignored the details _ might account for the accident.他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。which(作主语作主语)关系代词的用法关系代词的用法The number of people _ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.4.that既指既指人人又指又指物物，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，在定语从
7、句中可作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。，作宾语时可省略。(指人，作主语指人，作主语)that This is the suitcase _ she is looking for.(that)关系代词的用法关系代词的用法(指物，作宾语指物，作宾语)5.whose既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物，表，表“所属所属”关系，在定语从句关系，在定语从句中作定语。中作定语。I know the person_ house was totally destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被彻底推毁了。地震中被彻底推毁了。whose(作
8、定语作定语)关系代词的用法关系代词的用法1)Anything _ can burn is a source of heat energy.2)This is the very book _ Im looking for.3)They talked about things and persons _ they remembered in the school.4)Which is the book _ you lost?5)This is the best film _ I have ever seen.6)Please get ready for everything _ we need.7
9、)This is the watch_ I lost yesterday.thatthatthatthat thatthatthat/which小试牛刀1.关系代词在限制性定语从句中关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语 Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.2.在非限制性定语从句中 Football,which is a very popular game,is played all over the world.只用只用which不用不用that只用只用who不用不用that1）先行词是先行词是one，the one,
10、ones,anyone,those等代词等代词Those who respect others are usually respected by others.2）There be 句型中句型中There are many people who are against the plan.1.先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。2.先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时等修饰时。3.先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容
11、词最高级修饰时。修饰时。(that)you have to do is to practise every day.There isnt much(that)I can do.The first lesson(that)I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.只用只用that不用不用which4.先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。5.先行词先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物的时候，只能用的时候，只能用that。Thi
12、s is the very book that I want to read.This is the same book that I want to read.We talked about the persons and things that we could remember.只用只用that不用不用which6.当主句以当主句以who或或 which 开头的开头的特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时时,定语从句定语从句that 引导引导.Who is the man that is standing there?Which of us that knows something about phys
13、ics doesnt know this?1.Here are some of the people _ homes were destroyed by the typhoon.2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _ were asleep.3.The next day,eople put up shelters in the open air using anything _they could find.whosewhothat1.Complete each sentence with that,whi
14、ch,who,whose,whom,or/.Then translate the sentences into Chinese.4.Several days later,most of the buildings_ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.5.The injured boy _mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.6.The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by _ she was re
15、scued.7.Is this the young boy _saved several other students trapped under buildings?whichwhosewhowhom 1.She and her family bicycle to work，_helps them keep fit(2018北京卷)2.Kate,_sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia(2018天津卷)3.During the rosy years of element
16、ary school,I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes _allowed me to keep my high social status.(2019全国I卷)whichwhichwhose高考链接高考链接4.The little problems_we meet in our daily lives maybe inspirations for great inventions.(2017北京卷)5,But Sarah,_has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well asbeauty.(2017全国卷)6.Like anything,it is possible to have too much fat and salt,_is not good for the health(2017全国卷)thatwhichwhoThank you
