1、Unit 5 Languages around the worldVocabulary百千万十万百万千万亿十亿百亿千亿万亿hundredthousandten thousandhundred thousandmillionten millionhundred millionbillionten billionhundred billiontrillion翻译下列短语hundreds ofthousands ofmillions oftens of thousands ofhundreds of thousands of成百上千的成千上万的成百上千万的数以万计的数以十万计的；不计其数的教材原句教
2、材原句Listen to a speech and tick the two languages with the most native speakers.听一个演讲，在母语使用人数最多的两种语言前打钩。听一个演讲，在母语使用人数最多的两种语言前打钩。be native to.原产于原产于a native of.本地人；原产于本地人；原产于的动的动物或植物物或植物词块积累 native country/land/language 祖国祖国 故乡故乡 母语母语 2.native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.（C）本地人本地人活学巧用活学巧用单句语法填空单句语法
3、填空The researcher says the tiger is native _ India.Is her uncle a native _ Shanghai,or just a visitor?马克是一个土生土长的法国人。Mark is a .Mark is a .toofnativeFrenchmannativeofFrance链接写作链接写作补全句子补全句子During their visit to that country，they _.在他们访问那个国家期间，他们与当地人愉快地交流。在他们访问那个国家期间，他们与当地人愉快地交流。communicated with native
4、s happily3.attitude n.态度；看法态度；看法教材原句教材原句What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning?have/show/take/adopt a(n).attitude to/towards.对对持持/采取采取的态度的态度an attitude of mind 心态问题心态问题(前面常用前面常用good,bad,positive,negative等形容词修饰等形容词修饰)活学巧用活学巧用单句语法填空单句语法填空It was your bad attitude _ your l
5、ife that made your parents angry.链接写作链接写作补全句子补全句子_ and stop complaining.尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。towards/toTry to have a positive attitude to/towards everything翻译句子翻译句子We should develop a positive attitude to life.我们应该培养积极的人生态度。我们应该培养积极的人生态度。attitude容易和容易和 altitude(n.海拔，高处海拔，高处)混淆，混淆，
6、其他以后缀其他以后缀-itude结尾的词还有：结尾的词还有：longitude (n.经度经度)latitude (n.纬度纬度)gratitude （n.感激之情，感谢）感激之情，感谢）magnitude (n.巨大，重大巨大，重大)4.refer-referred-referring vi.提到；参考；vt.查询 encereferre 再次reference词汇记忆fer拿来record 记录recreate 再创造，再现recur 再发生referee 裁判，法官offer 提供prefer 偏爱infer 推断defer 推迟，服从transfer 转移，传递interfere 干涉
7、preference 优先选择inference 推断conference 会议interference 干涉influence 影响intelligence 聪明4.refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅指的是；描述；提到；查阅教材原句教材原句Pronouns(it,they,she,etc.)refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.代词代词(it,they,she等等)指的是前面提到的人或事。指的是前面提到的人或事。(1)指的是；描述；涉及，与指的是；描述；涉及，与相关相关This paragraph refers to the
8、 events of last year.(2)谈及，提到，说起（谈及，提到，说起（speak of/about）In his speech,he didnt refer to the problem at all.(3)查阅。参考，征询查阅。参考，征询You can refer to my notes when you review what you studied.常用搭配：(1)refer.to.把把提交给提交给；让；让(人人)参考参考refer to sb./sth.as sth.把把称作称作(2)reference n.提及提及，涉及；参考，参考书目；指称关系，涉及；参考，参考书目；
9、指称关系in/with reference to (所述内容所述内容)关于关于注意：refer to 和和look up都可以表示都可以表示“查阅，参考查阅，参考”，但两者是有，但两者是有区别的：区别的：refer to 后接所查的后接所查的工具书工具书或或资料资料，如，如词典、笔记、参考书词典、笔记、参考书等。等。look up 后接需要后接需要查找的对象查找的对象，如，如单词、短语单词、短语等，常用于等，常用于“look up sth in”结构中（当结构中（当sth为代词时，应置于为代词时，应置于look与与up之间）之间）If you dont know what it means,r
10、efer to the dictionary.=If you dont know what it means,look it up in the dictionary.活学巧用活学巧用语境辨义语境辨义/单句语法填空单句语法填空Since the boy has been punished，please dont refer to that matter again.If you dont know the meaning of the word,you can refer to the dictionary._When I said some people were stupid I wasn
11、t referring to you.They always refer to the shy teenager _ a book worm.Here is a brochure for your _(refer)when you answer the phones.提到提到查阅查阅指的是指的是 asreference链接写作链接写作补全句子补全句子_ if you have any difficulty in learning English.如果你学英语有困难，可以参考这本词典。如果你学英语有困难，可以参考这本词典。You can refer to this dictionarydespi
12、te课 文 原 句dspat prep.尽管佳句举例Despite a quick glance at the paper,he found what he wanted to collect.P62.China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which continued all the way through into modern times,despite the many ups and downs in its history.中国以其古老的文明而闻名，尽管历史上有许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。spite(来自词根spek
13、）观察de 去掉，变坏，分离，向下despite词汇记忆detrain 下火车destruction 破坏，毁坏deforest 砍伐森林devalue 降低价值depress 压抑，使人抑郁decode 破译spiteful 居心不良的spitefully 恶意的“尽管”的多种表达：in spite of,despite oneself5.despitedspat prep.尽管 n.怨恨，憎恨1.She was good at physics _ the fact that she found it boring.2._ exercising regularly,he is still o
14、verweight.3.尽管困难重重，他仍竭尽全力去克服困难。幸运的是，他的努力得到了回报。Despite_ Although_,he made every effort to overcome difficulties.Fortunately,his efforts paid off.练习巩固despite/in spite ofDespitedespitedspat prep.尽管 a great deal of hardship,he made every effort to overcome difficulties.Fortunately,his efforts paid off.t
15、here is a great deal of hardship后接后接名词、代词或动词名词、代词或动词-ing,不能接从句，相当于不能接从句，相当于in spite ofdespite+v.-ing（）despite+what 从句（）despite the fact+that 从句（）despite+that 从句（）【归纳拓展】（1）even if/even though即使；尽管（连词词组，后跟从句）（2）regardless of 不管，不顾（介词短语）back and forth 来回地,反复地here and there各处，到处inside out 彻底地(里面翻到外面)in
16、and out 进进出出the pros and cons赞成和反对的论据on and off断断续续地ins and outs复杂细节；进进出出拓展归纳6.ups and downs 兴衰；浮沉；起落；悲欢7.base n./vt.(1)n.基底，总部，根据，基础，大本营，出发点 adj.无根据的 adj.基础的，基本的 adv.基本上，从根本上说 n.基础，要素，根本 在.的基础上baselessbasicbasicallybasison the basis of词块积累词块积累 production base生产基地生产基地air base 空军基地空军基地a research base
17、 科研基地科研基地(2)vt.把.建立在.的基础上；以.为据点_ 把建立在基础之上 _ 以.为基础_.为据点，把(总部等)设在.base.on/uponbe based on/upon/on the basis of base sb/sth/onself in.1.The theory he put up (base)on his many years research,so it was practical.2.They have to have a (base)understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technolog
18、y.3.On the (base)of a true story,the film attracted a lot of audience.was basedbasicbasisApplication句式升级 The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.同义句替换 _,the restaurant is working all right.(分词短语作状语)The restaurant,is working all right.(定语从句)Based on trustwhich is based on trust教材
19、原句p.62It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu.8.date back to 追溯到（=date from=go back to）The classic architecture can the 12th century.（1）date back 后接表示一段时间的名词。date back to 相当于date from，后接时间点。The history of their family dates back hundreds of years and the house where they live dates
20、 back to the 18th century.（2）date back to 不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态，但在句中可以用现在分词短语作后置定语。Cambridge dating back to the 13th century is the university in Britain which many students dream about.单句语法填空（1）All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back _ between 3，000 and 5，00
21、0 years ago.（2）The old building _（date）back to the Tang Dynasty is still in good condition.（3）Its a tradition that _（date）back at least 300 years.完成句子（4）The skills of cooking in China can _（追溯到）thousands of years.（5）My family has a vase，_（据说可追溯到）the Ming Dynasty.todatingdatesdate backwhich is said t
22、o date back to9.variety n.种类；变化；多样种类；变化；多样(化化)；多变；多变(性性)(1)a(great/large/wide)variety of 各种各样的各种各样的=varieties of=variousa variety of+n.(pl)+谓语动词谓语动词复复数数 各种各样的各种各样的the variety of+n.(pl)+谓语动词谓语动词单单数数 .的品种的品种(2)vary v.改变，变化vary in 在方面不同vary from.to.从到的变化,因.而异vary with 随变化Many of these factors vary from
23、 city to city and region to region.许多要素因城市和地区的差异而有所不同。（2）various adj.各种各样的单句语法填空（1）If you come to visit China，you will experience a culture of amazing depth and _（vary）.（2）For Chinese people，there _（be）a variety of activities to celebrate the traditional festivals.（3）He is always coming late for cla
24、ss for _（vary）reasons.完成句子（4）The students work _.However,views on this problem _,学生作业的学生作业的质量参差不齐。然而，就这个问题人人意见不一。质量参差不齐。然而，就这个问题人人意见不一。varietyarevarious=a variety of reasonsvaries greatly in qualityvary from person to person词汇记忆 major maj 大or 形容词后缀majority n.大多数minor adj.较小的常用表达major in v.主修a/the ma
25、jority of 大多数in the/a majority 占多数 10.major adj.主要的;大的;重要的n.主修课程;主修学生vi.主修;专门研究（反：（反：minority)教材原句p.62Written Chinese has also become an important means.汉字也成为一个重要媒介11.means n.方式；方法；途径means of（doing）sth.（做）某事的方法by this means 通过这种方式by means of 依靠方法，借助手段by no means 一点儿也不，决不（置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装）by all means
26、可以，当然行，没问题（常用于口语交际中）搭搭配配【学法点拨学法点拨】Every/Each/One means+单数谓语动词单数谓语动词 All/Several/Some/Many/Few means+复数谓语动词复数谓语动词 All possible means have been tried，but we still cant solve the problem.=Every possible means has been tried，but we still cant solve the problem.【误区警示误区警示】表示表示“用某一方法用某一方法”时，可用时，可用 by this
27、means，in this way，with this method 等。等。PPT模板下载： should be used as _means of consolidating what youve learnt at class.（2）We needed to get to London but we had no means _ transport.（3）You should learn English words by heart.Only _ this way can you enlarge your vocabulary.完成句子（4）Can I come and have a l
28、ook at your new house?Yes，_（当然可以）!（5）For the deaf and dumb couple the only _（交流的方法）is sign language.（6）While modeling business is _（一点儿也不）easy to get into，good models will always be in demand.（7）我们绝不能半途而废。By no means _ halfway.aofinby all meansmeans of communicationby no meanscan we give up12.classi
29、c adj.传统的传统的 n.名著名著 In China,people gather together to celebrate the classic festivals.庆祝传统的In Chinese literature,four classics are so famous that children know the story much.四大名著PPT模板下载： The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen.中国人中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在（1）n.尊重；关注；常尊重；关
30、注；常 pl.问候；致意问候；致意have a high regard for 钦佩钦佩hold sb./sth.in high regard 敬重敬重give ones regards to 代某人向代某人向问候问候with/in regard to 关于；有关关于；有关I have a high regard for Tom because hes so wonderful.Please give my regards to your parents.（2）vt.把视为；看待 regard.as 把看作；认为是We always regard him as a friend，but he
31、showed his colours in the current emergency.(3)regarding prep.关于；有关=concerning搭配搭配PPT模板下载： students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history.appreciate（ones）doing sth.感激（某人）做某事感激（某人）做某事I would appreciate it if you could do.如果如果我将不胜感激。我将不胜感激。He appreciates your ability.他赏识你的才能。他赏识你的才能。W
32、e appreciate your helping us.我们我们对你们给予我们的帮助表示感谢。对你们给予我们的帮助表示感谢。I would appreciate it if you could point out my shortcomings.如果您能指出我的不足之处，我将不胜感激。如果您能指出我的不足之处，我将不胜感激。I appreciated how serious the situation was.我我意识到形势的严峻性。意识到形势的严峻性。Houses will appreciate in value.房产会升值房产会升值。搭配搭配1.She never gave up and
33、 struggled to live an active life.她永不言弃，努力过着积极的生活。2.They were struggling for independence.=They were struggling to gain independence.他们在为争取独立而奋斗。3.We have struggled against/with this disease for two years.4.She struggled to her feet.她挣扎着站起来。struggle for 为争取为争取而奋斗而奋斗struggle against/with.与与作斗争作斗争stru
34、ggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；努力斗争；奋斗；搏斗；努力高考链接：1.Many students will struggle _(find)a sense of belonging after entering college.（2016 北京改）2.Like it or not,our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle _ money.（2011 安徽）3.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle _ debt and mis
35、fortune.（2019 天津）to findforagainst/withbeg to do sthbeg sb to do sthbeg(sb)for sthbeg sth from sbbeggedto saybeggingforvi.恳求，祈求，哀求；乞讨，行乞恳求，祈求，哀求；乞讨，行乞n.beggarequallybe equal tobe equal to sth/doing sthA equals B in sthwithout equalequalsequallymakingin be equal todemandingin demandmeet/satisfy ones
36、demandsdemand(of sb)to do sthdemand that.(should)do sthdemandeddemandsto workbe toldin greater demand;费时费力的费时费力的relatedrelationrelate to.relate A to Brelate sth to sbbe related torelatesrelatedrelationrelated is related toconvinienceIt is convenient for sb to do sthif/when it is convenient to/for sbfor convenienceat ones convenienceconvenient for youfor its convenience at his convenience a great convenienceTHE END
