1、Unit 3 The InternetDiscovering Useful Structures 被动语态复习被动语态复习一、什么是语态？一、什么是语态？语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明_和和_之间的关系。之间的关系。二、语态的种类：二、语态的种类：_和和_主语主语谓语动词谓语动词主动主动被动被动挑事儿：挑事儿：If you think youre such a tough guy,then hit me.You hit me!Come and help me!I was hit/beaten.1.以上句子中所使用的时态和语态以上句子中所使用的时态和
2、语态是是 。2.现在完成时的被动语态的构为现在完成时的被动语态的构为：。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态have/has been过去分词过去分词An enemy has been slained.一名敌人被击杀。一名敌人被击杀。An ally has been slained.我方队友被击杀。我方队友被击杀。You have been slained.你被击杀了。你被击杀了。Talk about something that has been done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compa
3、re the different verb forms.Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.The Internet has greatly improved Jans life.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.The students have cleaned the classroom.The class
4、room has been cleaned.You neednt clean it now.现在完成时现在完成时activepassive表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态have/has+v-edhave/has+been+v-ed现在完成时现在完成时被动语态被动语态have/has been done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态be donehave/has beenHow do we form the present perfect passive v
5、oice?现在完成时的现在完成时的被动被动语态语态肯定形式：肯定形式：His homework has been finished.否定形式：否定形式：His homework has not been finished.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Has his homework been finished yet?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：How long has his homework been finished?主语主语+have/has been done.主语主语+have/has not been done.have/has+主语主语+been done.?疑问词疑问词+have/ha
6、s+主语主语+been done.?现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions.A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.n.功能；作用vi.起作用；运转1.I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.2.Someone has
7、lost an identity card.3.Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password?The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.An identity card has been lost.Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed?4.Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file?5.Has anyone made a comment about the online dat
8、abase?Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file?Has a/any comment been made about the online database?The letter (post)already.has been postedMany houses (build)for the poor so far.have been built用法用法1:被动动作发生在过去被动动作发生在过去,已经完成已经完成,对现在造成影响或产对现在造成影响或产生结果。生结果。(already,yet,so far,by now)现在完成时的被动语态
9、的用法现在完成时的被动语态的用法The machine (repair)for two hours but it still doesnt work.has been repairedPaper money (use)for over 50 years.has been used用法用法2:被动动作发生在过去被动动作发生在过去,持续到现在持续到现在,并有可能继续持续下去。并有可能继续持续下去。(for+一段时间一段时间;since)Everyone will feel extremely delighted if he _(admit)to South China Normal Univers
10、ity.You shouldnt leave school before your homework _(finish).has been admittedhas been finished用法用法3:在时间在时间/条件状语从句中表示可能还没有发生的被动动作。条件状语从句中表示可能还没有发生的被动动作。常常与与现在完成时连用的时间状语现在完成时连用的时间状语already 已经已经(肯定句肯定句)yet 已经（否定句或者疑问句）已经（否定句或者疑问句）recently/lately 最近最近 since then 从那时起从那时起ever since 自那以来自那以来 ever 曾经曾经so
11、far 迄今为止迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间很长一段时间by now 到现在为止到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里在最近几年里in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里在过去的几年里现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤1.找时找时：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语；2.圈圈主主：主语与动词构成被动关系：主语与动词构成被动关系；3.定定谓谓：确定谓动形式：确定谓动形式：have/has(not)been done。主动语态变被动语态的原则主动语态变被动语态的原则
12、“三变三变”例：例：They are building nine parks.原句原句主语主语 by的的宾语宾语宾语宾语 主语主语 谓语谓语由主动由主动 被动被动“三不变三不变”原句原句意思意思不变不变 原句原句时态时态不变不变 原句原句主谓宾以外主谓宾以外成分不变成分不变Nine parks _ by them.are being built判断正误:*He has died for 3 years.（）*He died 3 years ago.（）TF判断正误:*The patient has been taken good care.（）*The patient has been tak
13、en good care of.（）TF带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾补保留不动,改成主语补足语。主动:I have asked her to help you.被动:She has been asked to help you.如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。主动主动:I have given him th
14、e key.被动被动:He has been given the key.被动被动:The key has been given to him.判断正误:*Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table.（）*Some of the best conversations have been happened around the dinner table.（）TFExercises1.First as a PC and then as a laptop,I_(use)in offices and
15、 homes since the 1970s.2.Over time my memory _(develop)so much that I never forget anything I _(told).3.Since the 1970s many new applications _(find)for me.4.I have also _(put)into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as_(help)with medical operations.has developedhave been told have been us
16、ed have been foundbeen puthelp5.They have interviewed several applicants for the job.6.They have carried out several experiments to test the performance of the new car.7.They havent given any permission to enter the lab since it was closed.Several experiments have been carried out to test the performance of the new car.Not any permission has been given to them to enter the lab since it was closed.Several applicants for the job have been interviewed.Thank you!
