1、 Subjunctive MoodSubjunctive Mood虚拟语气虚拟语气 新课标人教版新课标人教版Book10 Unit4Book10 Unit4Learning efficientlyLearning efficiently课件内容课件内容 在高考题中，目前全国19套各省试题中涉及到虚拟语气知识点的占18%以上，因此这一语法项目在高考中变得越来越重要。这一知识点经常在阅读理解、完型填空中出现，侧重上下文对含有虚拟语气的句子理解，在单项选择和语法填空中会出现对虚拟语气动词形式的考察。而且，我们在写作中也经常会用到虚拟语气。学生易错点在于记不住虚拟语气条件句主从句在不同时态的动词形式。
2、课程引入英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，或是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。区别：区别：If it rains tomorrow,the crops will be saved.陈述语气陈述语气If it rained tomorrow,the crops would be saved.虚拟语气虚拟语气If I were a bird,I could fly in the sky!I wish I were younger!We suggest that everyone should help the AID
3、S patients.虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式是一种特殊的动词形式(verb structure),用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实(fact)，而，而只是一种假设只是一种假设(hypotheses)愿望愿望(wishes)、建议、建议(suggestion)或怀疑或怀疑(doubt)等等。等等。The definition of the Subjunctive Mood人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Uni
4、t 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）虚拟语气的考点虚拟语气的考点 1 1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；2 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装形式；、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装形式；3 3、错综时间虚拟语气的用法；、错综时间虚拟语气的用法；4 4、wishwish的虚拟；的虚拟；5 5、名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人
5、教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）if引导的虚拟条件句人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）虚拟语气在条件句子中Examples：If I were you,I would go at once.如果我是你，我会马上走。（与现在事
6、实相反）如果我是你，我会马上走。（与现在事实相反）If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）If it were sunny tomorrow,I would come to see you.（与将来事实相反）（与将来事实相反）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about
7、 language 课件（39张PPT）时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句现在现在did/werewould should +do sthcouldmight过去过去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight将来将来1.did/were 2.should do3.were to dowould should +do sthcouldmight主从句的谓语动词人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit
8、 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主主+did/were,主主+would/should/could/might+V1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。如果我是你，我会再试一次。If I were you,I would try again.2.如果我有足够的钱，我将买个车。如果我有足够的钱，我将买个车。If I had enough money,I would buy a car.人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning abou
9、t language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主主+had done,主主+would/should/could/might+have done1.如果他努力学习的话，他就通过那次考试了。如果他努力学习的话，他就通过那次考试了。If he had worked harder,he would have passed the examination.2.如果我当初听从你的建议，我就不会犯错了。如果我当初听从你的建议，我就不
10、会犯错了。If I had taken your advice,I wouldnt have made a mistake.人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)If+主主+did(were to/should do),主主+would/should/could/might+V原形原形如果明天下雨
11、，他们将不能出去。如果明天下雨，他们将不能出去。If it rained tomorrow,they wouldnt go out.If it were to rain tomorrow,they wouldnt go out.If it should rain tomorrow,they wouldnt go out.人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课
12、件（39张PPT）If it were not/had not been for 也是常见也是常见的虚拟句型的虚拟句型,意思是意思是“要不是要不是”例如例如:n If it had not been for your help,we would not have achieved so much in our work.n If it were not for the wise decision,we could not be living a happy life.人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language
13、课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）1.If I were you,I _ buy the house right now.A.wont B.dont C.wouldnt D.cant2._more careful,his ship would not have sunk.A.If the captain were B.If the captain had been C.Should the captain be D.If the captain would ha
14、ve been 3.If he _ me tomorrow,I would let him know.A.should call B.should not have been able C.were not able D.are not able BCA人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）if虚拟条件句的倒装人教版高中英语选修10 Uni
15、t 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）如果下雨，我们将不得不推迟比赛。如果下雨，我们将不得不推迟比赛。If it should rain,Should it rain,we would have to put off the match.人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（
16、39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；如果如果条件从句中含有条件从句中含有should，were，had 三个助动词并且放在三个助动词并且放在句首句首时，可以时，可以把把if省略省略。If I were you,I would give it up.Were I you,I would give it up.If I had had time,I would have seen the film.Had I had time
17、,I would have see the film.If there should be a flood,what should we do?a flood,what should we do?Should there be 人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）PracticeWhat would have happened,_ as
18、far as the river bank?A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.had Bob walked farther D.if Bob walked fartherC人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）错综时间条件虚拟语气错综时间条件虚拟语气人教版高中英语
19、选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）使用虚拟语气条件句型注意点：使用虚拟语气条件句型注意点：当条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动当条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做词不一致，叫做错综时间条件虚拟语气。主句和从句错综时间条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而做出相应的调整。的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而做
20、出相应的调整。If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing better now.If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital now.人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）Pr
21、acticeIf you _ him yesterday,you _ what to do now.A.asked would know B.had asked would have knownC.asked him know D.had asked would knowD人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）含蓄条件虚拟语气含蓄条件虚拟语
22、气人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）Without air,there would be no living things.没有空气，就没有生命。（条件暗含在没有空气，就没有生命。（条件暗含在Without air中）中）But for your help,I couldnt have made so much progress.要不是
23、你的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的进步。要不是你的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的进步。（条件暗含在介词短语（条件暗含在介词短语But for your help中）中）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）wishwish引导的虚拟句引导的虚拟句人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning abo
24、ut language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）I I wishwish I I rememberedremembered the address.the address.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）I I wishwish he he had not lefthad not left.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）I I wishwish it it wou
25、ld rainwould rain tomorrow.tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+that clausedid/werehad done would/might/would dowish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about lang
26、uage 课件（39张PPT）Exercises:“Have you visited the Science Museum?”“No,but I really wish I _.”A.had B.did C.have D.willAI didnt go to the party,but I do wish I _there.A.was B.were C.had been D.wentCI wish I _ you yesterday.A.see B.did see C.had seen D.were to seeC 人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively
27、 Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）人教版高中英语选修10 Unit 4 Learning effectively Learning about language 课件（39张PPT）名词性从句中要求名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词用虚拟语气的动词 suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require etc.引导的宾引导的宾 语从句要用虚拟语气，以语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should)+v原原的形的形 式出现。式出现。We all suggest that he(should)f
28、inish his homework first.The captain commanded that all the sailors (should)get down to work at once.以上这些动词的以上这些动词的名词形式名词形式后面的后面的表语从句表语从句和和同位同位语从句语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以中也要用虚拟语气，也应以(should)+v(should)+v原原.的形式出现。的形式出现。My suggestion is that you(should)go home first before coming here.His request that his cost(
29、should)be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.1.If he had not lost his money,he _ the piano last week.A.would buy B.had bought C.bought D.could have bought2.If we were to be 200 years old,we _ everything.A.will change B.can change C.could change D.changed3.If you _ that film last night,you wou
30、ld not be so sleepy now.A.didnt see B.havent seen C.wouldnt seen D.hadnt seen4.You are late.If you _ a little minutes earlier,you _ him.A.came,would meet B.had come,would have met C.came,would have met D.were to come,would meet5.But for the storm,we _ a pleasant journey.A.should have B.have had C.wo
31、uld have D.should have had 6._ to do the work,I should do it some other day.A.If were I B.I were C.Were I D.Was I7.Without the computer,the problem _ in such a short time.A.couldnt be solved B.wouldnt have solved C.couldnt have been solved 8.“You are very selfish.Its high time you _ you are not the most important person in the world,”Edgar said to his boss angrily.A.have realized B.realized C.realize D.should realize9.I wish I _ longer this morning,but I had to get up and come to class.A.could have slept B.slept C.might have slept D.have sleptHomework写一篇以My dream为题目作文，用上各种虚拟语气表达方式（不少于五个虚拟句子）
