1、单词单词名词名词与交通运输有关：与交通运输有关：subway,petrol,gas,voyage,lorry,cab与社区生活有关：与社区生活有关：elevator,native,apartment,identity,block与语言有关：与语言有关：Danish,vocabulary,spelling,usage,dialect,expression,accent动词动词表达命令或要求：表达命令或要求：command,request其它：其它：base,recognize形容词形容词表示地点或方位：表示地点或方位：African,Spanish,midwestern,southeastern
2、,northwestern其它：其它：official,native,gradual,fluent,frequent,latter副词副词actually,gradually,fluently,frequently,straight短语短语词汇表词汇表because of,come up,at present,make use of,such as,play a part(in)课文中课文中even if,believe it or not,move from one place to another句式句式This is because.e.g.This is because in the
3、early days of radio,those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.语法语法直接引语与间接引语（二）：祈使句与感叹句直接引语与间接引语（二）：祈使句与感叹句 (一一)基本单词基本单词1._ n 航行航行;航海航海2._ adj.本国的本国的;本地的本地的 n.本地人本地人;本国人本国人3._ adv.实际上；事实上实际上；事实上4._ adj.较后的较后的;后半的后半的;(两者中两者中)后者的后者的voyagenativeactuallylatter5._ n.&vt.命令命令;指令指
4、令;掌握掌握6._ n.&vt.请求请求;要求要求7._ n.口音口音;腔调腔调;重音重音8._ adv.直接直接;挺直挺直 adj.直的直的;笔直的笔直的;正直的正直的commandrequestaccentstraight(二二)派生单词派生单词9._ vt.以以为根据为根据 n.基部基部;基地基地;基础基础 _ adj.基本的基本的;基础的基础的10._ adj.逐渐的逐渐的;逐步的逐步的 _ adv.逐渐地逐渐地11._ n.本身本身;本体本体;身份身份 _ vt.认出；鉴定认出；鉴定basebasicgradualgraduallyidentityidentify12._ adj.频
5、繁的频繁的;常见的常见的_ adv.常常常常;频繁地频繁地13._ n.词语词语;表示表示;表达表达_ vt.表达表达14._ vt.辨认出辨认出;承认承认;公认公认_ n.认出认出;认识认识frequentfrequentlyexpressionexpressrecognizerecognition1.因为因为;由于由于 _2.走近走近;上来上来;提出提出 _3.以以为基础为基础 _4.现在现在;目前目前 _5.利用利用;使用使用 _6.例如例如;像这种的像这种的 _7.信不信由你信不信由你 _8.扮演一个角色扮演一个角色;参与参与 _because ofcome upbe based on
6、at presentmake use ofsuch asbelieve it or notplay a part1.native adj.本国的本国的;本地的本地的 n.本地人本地人;本国人本国人 【教材原句教材原句】Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为以英语作为母语的人母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以互相交流。也可以互相交流。【归纳归纳】a native of Beijing 土生土长
7、的北京人土生土长的北京人 be native to a place (动植物等动植物等)原产于某地原产于某地2.base v.以以为根据为根据 n.基部基部;基地基地;基础基础 adj.卑鄙的卑鄙的;低级的低级的;贱的贱的,劣的劣的 【教材原句教材原句】It was based more on German that the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。而现代英语不是。【归纳归纳】base.on.be based on.根据根据;以以为基础为基础 on the base of 以以为基
8、础为基础 at the base of.在在的底部的底部【提示】【提示】base.on.短语中短语中,base为及物动词为及物动词,主动语态中主动语态中,base后应有宾语后应有宾语,否则否则base应用被动形式，即应用被动形式，即be based on结构。结构。汉译英。汉译英。这部影片是根据辛克莱这部影片是根据辛克莱刘易斯的小说改编的。刘易斯的小说改编的。The film is based on a novel by Sinclair Lmand n.C命令命令;指令指令;U掌握掌握 vt.命令命令;指挥指挥;支配支配;博得博得;赢得赢得【归纳归纳】command sb.to do sth
9、.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事 command that sb.(should)do.命令某人命令某人 have a good command of 掌握掌握,精通精通 at ones command 听某人支配，奉某人之命听某人支配，奉某人之命 under ones command under the command of 由由指挥指挥command动词表示动词表示“命令命令,要求要求”时时,一般不用作进行时一般不用作进行时;其后可接名词或代词作宾语；其后可接名词或代词作宾语；接带动词不定式的复合结构和接带动词不定式的复合结构和that从句时从句时,从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟从句中的谓语动词应
10、用虚拟,即即“(should)动词原形动词原形”。汉译英。汉译英。如果你熟练掌握英语如果你熟练掌握英语,你就有可能得到这份工作。你就有可能得到这份工作。If you have a good command of English,it is possible for you to get the job.4.request n.&vt.请求请求;要求要求【归纳归纳】make a request for 请求请求;要求要求 at ones requestat the request of sb.应某人的要求应某人的要求 request sb.to do sth.请求请求/要求某人做某事要求某人做某
11、事 request that.(should)do.请求请求做某事做某事 It is requested that.(should)do.要求要求根据所给汉语完成句子。根据所给汉语完成句子。1.I came _(应你要求应你要求)2.You _(请不要请不要)smoke.at your requestare requested not to5.recognize vt.辨认出辨认出;承认承认 【教材原句教材原句】Although many Americans move a lot,they still recognize and understand each others dialects.
12、虽然很多美国人经常搬迁虽然很多美国人经常搬迁,但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。【归纳归纳】recognize sb.认出某人认出某人 be recognized to be/as.被认作被认作/被认为是被认为是 It is recognized that.人们公认人们公认recognize/realize/knowrecognize 指原来熟悉指原来熟悉,经过一段时间间隔后重新认出来。经过一段时间间隔后重新认出来。realize 指经过一个过程后指经过一个过程后“意识到意识到”。know 指相互十分熟悉和了解。指相互十分熟悉和了解。用用recogni
13、ze/realize/know的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。At first,he didnt _ that he had been _ by his old friend who he _ very well in the past.realizerecognizedknew1.because of 因为因为;由于由于 【教材原句教材原句】Later in the next century,people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that,English bega
14、n to be spoken in many other countries.后来后来,在在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是是,许多别的国家开始说英语了。许多别的国家开始说英语了。【拓展拓展】due to 由于由于(作表语作表语/状语状语)owing to 由于由于(作表语作表语/状语状语)as a result of 因为因为;由于由于(作状语作状语)thanks to 多亏多亏;由于由于(作表语作表语/状语状语)【提示提示】because of为介词短语为介词短语;because为连词为连词完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1)He came
15、 late to school again _ he got up too late.2)The girl cried _ what the teacher said.3)We have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather.becausebecause of because of e up 走近走近;上来上来;(太阳太阳/月亮等月亮等)升起升起;被提出被提出;长出长出;发生发生;开始流行开始流行 【教材原句教材原句】Id like to come up to your apartment.我很乐意到你的公寓去。我很乐意到你的公寓去。【拓展拓展】come u
16、p with 想出想出(计划计划/答案答案);产生产生 come about 发生发生 come along 进展进展;进步进步;进行进行come on 快点快点;加油加油come to 总计总计;总共总共;达到达到;说到说到come across 偶遇偶遇;碰到碰到come out 出现出现;显露显露;出版出版;结果是结果是;公开表态公开表态come over 过来过来;突然感到突然感到;顺便来访顺便来访;在上空在上空上方上方经过经过come down 下降下降;潦倒潦倒;流传流传come back 回来回来;恢复恢复(知觉知觉/记忆等记忆等);回想起回想起;卷土重来卷土重来;重新流行重新流
17、行;反驳反驳.come in 进来进来;起作用起作用come by 从旁边走过从旁边走过;得到得到;经过经过come into 进入进入;得来得来;继承继承(财产财产)come through 经历经历;脱险脱险;安然度过安然度过come with 伴随伴随.发生发生come from 来自来自;起源于起源于come around 顺便来访顺便来访;苏醒苏醒;复苏复苏come true 实现实现;成真成真【提示】【提示】come up“问题问题,建议或方案等被提出建议或方案等被提出”时为不及物动词短语时为不及物动词短语,其主语通常为物其主语通常为物,无被动语态无被动语态;come up wit
18、h 为为“提出提出”,为及物动词短语为及物动词短语,主语通常为人主语通常为人,宾语为表示宾语为表示“建议建议/计划计划/方案等方案等”的名词。的名词。用用come短语的适当形式填空。短语的适当形式填空。1)How did it _ that he knew where we were?2)I _ an old school friend in Oxford street this morning.3)A good solution to the problem _ at the meeting.4)When did you _ the good idea?come aboutcome acro
19、sscome upcome up with3.make use of 利用利用;使用使用 【教材原句教材原句】So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.所以到所以到17世纪世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。【拓展拓展】make full use of make good use of make the best of make the most of 充分利用充分利用 make up 弥补弥补;和解和解;编造编
20、造;整理整理;化妆化妆 make-up 化妆品化妆品;性格性格 make for 走向走向;有助于有助于;促进促进 make it 成功成功;达到预定目标达到预定目标;幸存幸存make a difference 有影响有影响;起起(重要重要)作用作用make up for 补偿补偿;弥补弥补make of 理解理解;推断推断;以以.为材料制作为材料制作make over (财产财产)转让转让;移交移交;改造改造;重做重做make up of 由由.构成构成;由由.组成组成make-believe 假装假装;假扮假扮;幻想幻想make sense 讲得通讲得通;有意义有意义;言之有理言之有理ma
21、ke out 起草起草;说明说明;结论结论;辨别辨别;理解理解make sure 弄明白弄明白;设法确保设法确保make progress 取得进步取得进步make clear 讲清楚讲清楚;表明表明make off 离开离开;逃走逃走make efforts=make an effort=make all efforts=spare no effort 作出努力作出努力use的短语及句型的短语及句型【归纳归纳】(be)out of/in use 不再使用，废弃不用不再使用，废弃不用/在使用中在使用中 be of use(to sb.)有用处，起作用有用处，起作用 come into use
22、开始使用开始使用 Its/Theres no use doing sth.没有用没有用翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。这个火车站已经停止使用了。这个火车站已经停止使用了。This railway station is out of use.对于他来说，这个已经没有什么用处了。对于他来说，这个已经没有什么用处了。This was not of much use to him.雨伞是什么时候开始使用的？雨伞是什么时候开始使用的？When did umbrellas come into use?问我是没有用的。我不比你知道的更多。问我是没有用的。我不比你知道的更多。Its no use asking m
23、e.I dont know any more than you do.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。more.than.与其与其倒不如倒不如 强调强调more后面的内容后面的内容,表同一个人或事物的两种特征对比表同一个人或事物的两种特征对比,more和和than后接形容词后接形容词/副词的原级副词的原级,名词或介词短语等名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。两个并列成分。e.g.She was more
24、sad than angry when her son lied.当她的儿子撒谎时当她的儿子撒谎时,与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。more than数词数词 超过超过,多于多于more than名词名词 表不仅是表不仅是,不只是不只是e.g.He is more than a scientist;he is also a poet.他不仅仅是位科学家，还是一位诗人。他不仅仅是位科学家，还是一位诗人。写出下列句子中写出下列句子中more than的含义。的含义。1)There are more than 1,000 students in our school this
25、 year._2)He felt more than surprised to see his father came._3)Mr.Zhang is more than a teacher;he is also my friend._超过超过非常非常不仅仅不仅仅more than形容形容/副词副词 非常非常,很很no more than=only 只有只有,仅仅仅仅not more than 至多至多,不超过不超过other than 除了除了rather than.而不是而不是no less than 不亚于不亚于,竟达竟达之多之多 e.g.The audience was no less
26、than five thousand.听众有五千人之多。听众有五千人之多。not less than 不比不比差差,至少至少 e.g.Ill stay here not less than three days.我将待在这里至少三天。我将待在这里至少三天。直接引语与间接引语（二）直接引语与间接引语（二）转述祈使句时，采用转述祈使句时，采用“动词动词+宾语宾语+不定式不定式”结构。引述动词有结构。引述动词有ask,tell等。等。转述祈使句时，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加转述祈使句时，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。e.g.He said to me,“Please open t
27、he window.”He asked me to open the window.“Be careful with the dog,”she said to me.She told me to be careful with the dog.My aunt said to me,“Dont read in the sun.”My aunt told me not to read in the sun.Toms father said to him,“Dont drive too fast.”Toms father told him not to drive too fast.“建议，提议建议
28、，提议”的祈使句时，可采用的祈使句时，可采用“suggest+动词动词-ing形式形式”或或“suggest+that从句从句”，也可采用，也可采用“offer+不定式不定式”结构。结构。引述感叹句时，常以引述感叹句时，常以what或或how为被引述分句的引导词。为被引述分句的引导词。e.g.“Come next week,”Bob suggested.Bob suggested my coming/that I(should)come the following week.“Let me give you a lift home,”David said.David offered to gi
29、ve me a lift home.“What a lovely house it is!”Peter said.Peter said what a lovely house it was.“How well you look!”Jane said.Jane said how well I looked.将直接引语变为间接引语。将直接引语变为间接引语。1.“Please turn on the computer.”My mother said to me._ _2.“Dont make so much noise,boys.”The teacher said._ _My mother aske
30、d me to turn on the computer.The teacher told the boys not to make so much noise.3.“What a lovely day it is!”he said._4.He said,“Lets go to the cinema.”_5.“Leave the room quietly,”Leo said._He suggested going to the cinema.Leo told me to leave the room quietly.He said what a lovely day it was.海报是一种常
31、见的招贴形式的应用文。海报是一种常见的招贴形式的应用文。【写作任务写作任务】1.明确海报的主题明确海报的主题 明确你要写的海报主题是活动宣传、招聘明确你要写的海报主题是活动宣传、招聘 广告还是人物介绍。广告还是人物介绍。2.确定海报的格式确定海报的格式标题：居于海报正上方，用简洁、引人注目的语言概括要宣传的主题。标题：居于海报正上方，用简洁、引人注目的语言概括要宣传的主题。如何写英文海报如何写英文海报正文：根据海报的内容灵活安排。正文：根据海报的内容灵活安排。海报的最前面要采用一些鼓动性较强的语句来吸引注意，常采用排比、反问、设问等修辞手法。海报的最前面要采用一些鼓动性较强的语句来吸引注意，常
32、采用排比、反问、设问等修辞手法。列出海报的具体内容：列出海报的具体内容：写活动宣传时，先介绍要宣传的活动，再写活动的时间、地点、目的、活动安排以及主办单位等。写活动宣传时，先介绍要宣传的活动，再写活动的时间、地点、目的、活动安排以及主办单位等。写招聘广告时，先介绍职位，然后写对求职者的要求等。写招聘广告时，先介绍职位，然后写对求职者的要求等。写人物介绍时，先把人物名字放在显要位置，依次介绍该出生时间、地点、生平简介及特殊贡献等。写人物介绍时，先把人物名字放在显要位置，依次介绍该出生时间、地点、生平简介及特殊贡献等。结尾：海报发布者及时间常写在海报左下结尾：海报发布者及时间常写在海报左下 角（也
33、可省去）。角（也可省去）。【常用表达常用表达】活动宣传活动宣传Title Do you want to.?Do you have difficulty in.?Why not.?If you.,you will.Why should you.?Date:.Place:.Aim:To.For more details,please contact.招聘广告招聘广告Title Would you like to be a(n).?If your answer is“Yes”,we have a job for you as a(n).Requirements:be good at.;have.ye
34、ars of work experience;be able to speak.and use.;be kind/easygoing/friendly/patient/strict/careful/.Please call.if you want to.人物介绍人物介绍Title/Name Date of birth:.Place of birth:.Career:.was born into.;.have/has/had a great gift for.;.is/was a remarkable achievement for.;Although/Though.lacks his/her
35、familys support,he/she continued.【写作任务写作任务】最近，你校成立了一个英语学习俱乐部（最近，你校成立了一个英语学习俱乐部（English Learning Club）。现邀请同学们加入，请你根据所给提示要）。现邀请同学们加入，请你根据所给提示要点设计一则英语海报，发布在你校英语论坛上。点设计一则英语海报，发布在你校英语论坛上。内容包括：内容包括：1.标题；标题；2.加入俱乐部的好处；加入俱乐部的好处；3.结尾。结尾。【参考范文参考范文】Why should you join the English Learning Club?to meet new frie
36、nds to debate in English to read English novels to learn English songs to watch English movies to talk in English with English native speakers Practice makes perfect.Please join the English Learning Club to learn English with other English lovers.1.(2014浙江改编浙江改编)We most prefer to say yes to the _(re
37、quest)of someone we know and like.答案答案:requests 句意句意:我们大都更愿意答应我们所了解和喜欢人的请求。由语境可知我们大都更愿意答应我们所了解和喜欢人的请求。由语境可知,只能是对别人的请求只能是对别人的请求(requests)说说yes,即即:答应对方的请求。答应对方的请求。2.(2014北京改编北京改编)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping without _(recognize)答案：答案：being recognized本题考查非谓语动词。本题考查非谓语动词。句
38、意：那位影星戴着墨镜句意：那位影星戴着墨镜,因此他可以在没人认出的情况下购物了。因此他可以在没人认出的情况下购物了。without为介词为介词,后面接动词后面接动词ing形式形式;the film star与与recognize之间存在被动关系之间存在被动关系,故用动词故用动词ing的被动式的被动式,即即“being done”结构。结构。3.(2012江苏改编江苏改编)_(base)an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.答案：答案：Basing考查非谓语动
39、词。考查非谓语动词。you与与base之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语,表主动。表主动。句意：如果凭情感而不是理智作出这个决句意：如果凭情感而不是理智作出这个决 定，你迟早会后悔的。定，你迟早会后悔的。I.根据下列各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式。根据下列各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式。1.Police are trying to discover the i_ of a baby found by the side of a road.2.Reading is one of th
40、e best ways of improving your v_.identityvocabulary 3.One can travel there by ship or plane.Most people choose the l_.4.His name did not appear in the _(官方的官方的)report.5.The _(航行航行)from England to India used to take six months.6.The place youre looking for is three _(街区街区)away from here.latter offici
41、al voyage blocks 7.The driver stopped his car as the policeman c_.8.Visitors are r_ not to walk on the grass.9.We hadnt seen each other in thirty years,but I r_ her right away.10.A s_ line is the shortest distance between two mandedrequestedrecognized straight II.用括号内单词的正确形式填空。用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.They a
42、re not American,_(actual).They are Canadian.2.As the weeks passed,I _(gradual)loved living there.3.British and American _(spell)differ in many ways.actuallygraduallyspellings4.You should visit your sick grandmother _(frequent)to cheer her up.5.I decided to go to the meeting as a(n)_(express)of suppo
43、rt.6.“Do you have it?”is a common American _(use),but it would be more likely for British speakers to say“Have you got it?”frequentlyexpressionusageIII.选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。Mary enjoys playing tennis.She _ any opportunity to practice it.2.Jack started work as a
44、 security guard._ he is a teacher of physics.a number of,at present,such as,make use of,come up makes use of At present 3.One of the teachers _ and started talking to me.4._ people come to the meeting from all over the country.5.The little girl knows several languages,_ Japanese and English.a number
45、 of,at present,such as,make use of,come up came upA number of such as阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。There is much discussion about 1._ learning English is important or not.Those who say it is,point to the fact 2._ many international companies rely on English-s
46、peaking employees 3._(communicate)directly with their English-speaking customers.whether/if that to communicateSo now it 4._(take)for granted that being able to speak English will provide job and promotion opportunities.English also opens the door to advanced training programs in English-speaking co
47、untries,5._ require some knowledge of English.In addition,English makes staying in touch with whats happening in the world much 6._(easy)as international news and information is often in English.is takenwhich easier But not just learners of English as a foreign language can benefit 7._ studying Engl
48、ish,native speakers can benefit too.If native speakers go to 8._ country and cant speak the language there,even if they cant find someone who speaks English 9._(fluent),the chances are they will find someone who can speak enough English to help them out when they are in 10._ tight spot.Nowadays even a little English goes a long way in this world.fromanotherfluentlya谢谢！
