1、 various kinds of endogenous and exogenous stimuliAutoreaction&resp reactionregulatory mechanism reversibleirreversible loss of innervation）A Atrophy B Normalshrinks in sizeNarrowed cerebral convolutioncortical sulci to deepen ：normal heart myocardial hypertrophy Thickened wall of left ventricule an
2、d septal areanormalthickenedNormal uterusnormal smooth muscules of uterus B(left)hypertrophy of smooth muscules(right)Same multipleX 40 lactating breast-enlarged gland alveolusWith milk Left Normal thyrocytes Right Hyperplasia A layer of cubic cellStem cell&undifferentiated cellstransdifferentiation
3、Activation or inhibition ofreprogramming gene productionsOne differentiated cell typeanother differentiated cell typefullyfully Left Granularity change in kidney Right Hydropic changeconvoluted tubulesfatty vacuolesvacuolationnon-cytoplasm in it.Full clearBorderline clearly nucleus to the periphery
4、Vacuoles of cellular swellingScattered cytoplasm or ballooned Borderline unclearly nucleus in centerLM:formation of diffuse steatosis in hepatocytes,with accumulated lipid droplets,and large,clear lobules,compressing and displacing the nucleus to the periphery of the cytoplasm.Fatty change in liver
5、cellsformation of diffuse steatosis in hepatocytes,with accumulated lipid droplets,and large,clear lobules,compressing and displacing the nucleus to the periphery of the cytoplasm.sinushepatic cord tigered effect,bead-likefattyvacuoles心肌脂肪浸润心肌脂肪浸润IRounded red droplets Inequality of size 部位：部位：常见于结核常见于结核 病状，动脉粥样硬化斑块内等。病状，动脉粥样硬化斑块内等。机理：机理：水解水解硷性磷酸酶升高硷性磷酸酶升高有机磷酸酯有机磷酸酯局部磷酸局部磷酸钙、磷比例钙、磷比例 失调失调磷酸钙沉积。磷酸钙沉积。与与PH变动有关：变性坏死组织变动有关：变性坏死组织局部酸性环境局部酸性环境组织液缓组织液缓 冲作用钙盐溶解冲作用钙盐溶解钙离子浓度钙离子浓度 碱性化碱性化 钙盐析出沉积。钙盐析出沉积。
