1、1Introduction Viggo PoulsenFocus on:主要内容：主要内容：Climate systems 气候控制系统气候控制系统 The basics 基础知识基础知识 The options 设备设备 The right choice 配置配置22Introduction 主要内容q Considerations before choosing climate system 选择气候控制系统的注意事项qDimensioning of climate system 气候控制系统的规划qBasic of climate 气候控制基础知识q The most common ve
2、ntilation principals and their differences 常用气候控制原理及其区别q Basic requirements-As Climate technician 气候控制基本技术要求 Inspect the compartment before enter首先需要检查房间的情况3Producing bigger pigs,-faster.更快地生产体型更大的猪An important basic factor for 为舍内创造最佳的环境对于下列方面o a healthy economy 健康的财务状况o highest possible performanc
3、e实现最佳的生产性能o utilization of potential充分利用动物潜力.is to establish an optimal environment in the barn 是非常重要的基本因素A good climate system plays an essential role in reaching these targets良好的气候控制系统在实现上述目标的过程中起到不可或缺的作用 4Geographic location of the project项目的地理位置o Climate zone 气候区域 o Altitude,rain/snow fall,wind,
4、humidity,min/max temperatures etc.海拔、雨雪风等气候状况、湿度、最高/最低温度等重量重量 KgKg最佳温度最佳温度 仔猪仔猪2 232325 52828断奶仔猪断奶仔猪8 828281010262610-1510-15222215-3015-302020保育猪保育猪30-6030-601818育成猪育成猪60-12060-1201616哺乳母猪哺乳母猪1616怀孕母猪怀孕母猪1818各猪舍最佳温度6Too hot舍内过热Pigs are usually clean animals.猪通常是喜欢干净的动物。Dirty pigs send warning sign
5、als猪变脏即为一种警告信号?Too high room temperature 室内温度是否过高?Sufficient ventilation system 通风是否充足?Pen design and size.围栏设计和尺寸是否适当Results 结果=Heat stress 热应激 Bad air quality 空气质量差 Increased mortality 提高死亡率 Less daily gain 降低日增重 Increased manpower 增加工作量Viggo Poulsen7 Too cold舍内过冷 Open floor 漏缝地板?Open penning 开放式围
6、栏?Heating 是否加热?Room temperature 室内温度?Ventilation,-type 通风类型?Air speed 风速?8The pig regulates body heat in four ways 猪以四种方式调节体温:radiation 散热(loss to the surrounding ceiling and walls)（热量散失到周围的吊顶和墙壁 conduction 热传导 (heat conducted from the body by whatever it touches)（热量传导至其接触到的物体）convection 热流传递 (loss
7、to air flowing over the body)（散失至通过身体的气流中）latent heat loss 潜热散失 (loss through evaporation of body moisture)（体表水分蒸发散失热量）Latent潜热Radiation 散热Convection 热流传递Conduction 热传导9Cooling 降温.Chill effect 风冷效应.10Chilling is one of the most important contributors to baby pig mortality in farrowing It makes the p
8、iglet weak and sluggish,leaving it vulnerable to other dangers such as crushing and starvation.风冷是哺乳仔猪死亡率的最重要的影响因素之一，会使仔猪体况变差、反应迟钝，进而使其易于遭受挤压或饥饿等其他风险。11Added heating is needed when pigs are not able tokeep comfort temperature by own heat production.Additional heat can be supplied either by gas or wa
9、rm water for room or by warm water or electric for zone heating(Heat plate/lamps)当猪通过自身产热无法保持其所需的舒适温度时，需要对舍内进行加热。加热的方式有下列几种：全舍的水暖加热或燃气加热，以及局部电加热（加热板/保温灯）12Impact of high temperatures 高温的影响 Low feed intake 降低采食量High water intake 提高饮水量Low daily weight gain 降低日增重Risk of heat stress and higher mortality
10、 增大热应激的风险并提高死亡率Impact of low temperatures 低温的影响 High feed intake 提高采食量Low daily weight gain 降低日增重Higher medical cost 提高药物成本Higher mortality 提高死亡率Conclusion of high or low temperatures:Slow growth performance-Higher mortality-Slower turn over of pigs higher medical cost-more labor required 高温或低温状态下：降
11、低增重性能 提高死亡率 降低猪群流转速度 提高药物成本 增加工作量13Most common types of modern ventilation systems常用的现代化通风系统类型o Negative pressure systems with fresh air inlets 负压通风系统oEqual pressure systems 等压通风系统oPositive pressure system 正压通风系统o Tunnel ventilation 纵向通风系统o Combi-tunnel ventilation 联合通风系统14The air is sucked out thro
12、ugh the exhaust unit and taken in through wall or ceiling inlets.利用排风装置将舍内空气排出舍外，同时通过侧墙或吊顶进风窗吸入新鲜空气。Strong points 优点Built-in emergency ventilation(natural ventilation)内置紧急通风装置（自然通风）”Simple structure”（结构简单）Low operating costs 运行成本低 Can be combined with various cooling systems 可采用多种降温系统Weak points 缺点S
13、ensitive to wind 对风力风向较为敏感Negative pressure system with fresh-air inlet valves采用进风小窗的负压通风系统1515Equal Pressure Ventilation等压通风系统The air is sucked out through the exhaust unit and“blown”in through a chimney equipped with an air distribution unit.利用排风装置将舍内空气排出舍外，并通过配有空气分布装置的烟囱将空气“吸入”舍内。Strong points 优点
14、Not effected by the wind 不受风力风向影响The distribution of air is fine 空气分布状况良好Weak points 缺点No emergency ventilation 无紧急通风功能Expensive in operation(twice the number of fans)运行成本高（风扇数量 x 2）Difficult to clean 难以进行清洁1616Positive Pressure Ventilation正压通风系统The air is pushed out through chimney or wall openings
15、 unit and“blown”in through a chimney equipped with an air distribution unit.通过配有空气分布装置的烟囱将新鲜空气“吸入”舍内，并通过烟囱将舍内空气排出舍外。Strong points 优点Not effected by the wind 不受风力风向影响The distribution of air is fine 空气分布状况良好Ideal for systems with PRRS filters 与蓝耳病过滤器结合使用可实现最佳效果Weak points 缺点No emergency ventilation 无紧
16、急通风功能Impact on building structure 影响建筑结构1717Tunnel ventilation纵向通风18Combi-tunnel ventilation联合通风 Automatic climate control 自动控制气候状况 Side mode in winter冬季采用横向模式 Tunnel mode in summer夏季采用纵向模式 Heating/cooling,humidification实现加热/降温和加湿等功能Optimal climate 365 days and nights per year全年适用的气候控制系统1920dustBala
17、nce between cost and air-quality在在成本成本和和空气质量空气质量之间取得平衡之间取得平衡Demands of the in-door climate 室内气候条件需求:NH:max.20ppm,better 10 ppmCO2:max.3000ppm,better 2500ppm%RH:max.80%(challenging in Asia)Power consumption(功耗):Watt/m3 air exchanged2121Basic requirements for optimal function实现最佳功能的基本要求o Inspect pigs
18、behavior before enter 进猪前检查猪群行为How they rest,are they over active,body conditions,using the resting area of the pen?它们的躺卧姿势如何、是否精力过剩、体况如何、休息区布局如何？oTight house construction 房舍建筑的空气密闭性o Orientation of interior/penning 内部设施/围栏的方向o Avoid obstructions for free air movement 避免出现任何阻碍气流的障碍物Climate is part o
19、f a concept So气候控制是整体方案的一部分Check heating if installed/required 检查是否安装/需要加热系统 Correct placed 安装位置是否正确 Enough capacity 加热量是否充足Check drinking 检查饮水系统 Placing of drinkers 饮水器的布局 Amount of drinkers 饮水器的数量 Water amount 供水量Check penning/flooring 检查围栏/地板系统barriers for air movement 是否阻碍气流Open/closed penning 开
20、放式/封闭式围栏系统Solid floor plastic-cast or concrete slats水泥地面 塑料、铸铁或水泥漏缝地板Even on full slatted floor a pen has to be divided into activity and resting area即使铺设全漏缝地板，栏内也必须划分活动区和休息区The building must be tight!建筑必须保持良好的气密性！2324Low static pressure;Poor air mixing静压低；空气混合较差Good Air Mixing Requires Static Press
21、ure良好的空气混合需要静态压力High static pressure;Good air mixing静压高；空气混合静压高；空气混合良好良好25Control 控制装置o Choice of the right climate controller选择正确的气候电脑o 135 235 PRO oThink“future proof”前瞻性设备BFNo Keep it as“simple and safe”as possible 尽可能遵守“简单且安全”的原则o Emergency/alarm facilities 紧急开启装置/报警装置26Too low negative pressure
22、负压过低Too high negative pressure负压过高Adjustment of negative pressure system with wall inlet valves调节采用侧墙进风窗的负压系统Correct negative pressure负压水平良好27Too low negative pressure负压过低Too high negative pressure负压过高Adjustment of negative pressure with ceiling inlets调节采用吊顶进风窗的负压系统Air moving along surface move 1.4
23、x faster then air in free space 空气沿表面流动的速度为空气在自由空间中流速的1.4倍Correct negative pressure负压水平良好No Obstructions不存在障碍物 Beams,lights,dispensers etc.can destroy our air movement 横梁、照明设备和配量器等会干扰空气流动One or multiple sensor单一传感器或多个传感器 Viggo Poulsen30Thank you Very much For your time and attention感谢您的参与！感谢您的参与！Ahh.
