1、专题十七 概要写作Writing 1(2018浙江温州一模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Does writing come hard to you?Are you discouraged to find yourself poor at writing?Nobody is born knowing how to write.Good writing habits,which help make you write on a regular basis,are necessary for you to improve your writing.Firstly,you ar
2、e supposed to read a wide range of books.Its obvious when a writer is not well-read lack of reading will be obvious in every sentence one writes.Reading prepares you with necessary knowledge to be a good writer.Whats more,it provides you with basic skills for writing.The importance of reading cannot
3、 be stressed too much:read as much and as often as you can.Secondly,its important to make a writing schedule and write daily if it is possible.Whether you write for two hours a day or fifteen minutes a day,daily writing is the key to developing good writ-三年模拟A A组组 2012016 62012018 8年年高考高考模拟模拟 基础题基础题
4、组组ing habits.Its better to write for fifteen or twenty minutes every day than to sit for five or six hours to write over the weekend.However,if you can make a daily writing schedule with longer hours on your writing on weekends,then its much better.One of the worst habits is never to get help from o
5、thers to improve your writing.It is advised that you share your work with others.For example,you can send your writing to a few friends,round up some readers and let them comment on your writing.That way,youll find your writing gradu-ally improved.答案答案 写作提示文章主要讲述好的写作习惯对提高写作水平的帮助。文章结构比较清晰,以自然段为基础概括要点
6、即可。其中第一段是主旨段,而后面的三段为具体的做法。One possible version:Good writing habits contribute a lot to improving your writing.(要点1)First,you should read as much as possible to get the knowledge and skills for writing.(要点2)You should also make a writ-ing plan and keep up your daily writing.(要点3)Besides,youd better t
7、urn to others for help to im-prove your writing.(要点4)Writing 2(2018浙江金华十校一模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。The familiar yellow school bus is the largest system of mass transportation in the US and every school day transports roughly 25 million young people to school and home again after the school day en
8、ds.Meanwhile,it is the safest method for getting kids to and from school,according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration(NHTSA).Children are 70 times more likely to arrive at school safely on the school bus than if they had traveled to school driving themselves or riding with friends
9、.These school buses meet more of the nations motor vehicle safety standards than any other vehi-cles on the road.Also,several new technologies available today are making school buses even safer,such as video cameras on the inside and outside,stop arm cameras,GPS tracking and colli-sion lessening sys
10、tems.Another safety tool on school buses is high seat backs,closely-spaced seats and energy-absorbing seats.But even the safeness of school buses would not completely sum up why children are safer when riding the big,yellow bus.The bus is only as safe as the professional men and women who drive them
11、.All drivers must obtain a Class B or C Commercial Drivers License(CDL).They are ran-domly tested for alcohol and drugs,usually have their driving record checked,and are given the same review of criminal history as teachers and other employees who have contact with students.In order to serve as a sc
12、hool bus driver,most applicants are required to successfully complete a training course,along with instruction in the classroom and behind the wheel.School buses are safe for the environment,not only because each bus replaces 36 passenger cars that would,but for the buses,be on the road taking and p
13、icking up school children.Additionally,school buses use alternative green fuels like natural gas,and electric power.Todd Monteferrario,President of the National School Transportation Association,said parents should remember that the safest and smartest choice is to put their children on the big yell
14、ow bus when they can.答案答案 写作提示本文是议论文。文章主要论述校车的好处。文章的结构为“总分总”模式。第一段是主题段,提出了主要观点。第二至第四段分别是具体的论据。最后一段提出结论。One possible version:The school bus is the safest and wisest choice to school in the US.(要点1)Firstly,school buses not only meet high vehicle safety standards but also are technologically equipped.(
15、要点2)Secondly,the bus drivers have to pass strict qualification tests and safety driving training.(要点3)Thirdly,school buses,powered by green fuels environmentally safe by reducing the number of private cars hitting the roads.(要点4)Therefore children are encouraged to go to school by school bus.(要点5)Wr
16、iting 3(2017浙江衢州高三一模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Among all the fast growing science and technology,the research of human genes,or biological en-gineering as people call it,is drawing more and more attention now.Discussions about it are in-creasingly heated around the world.The greatest thing that gene
17、 technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with,such as cancer and heart disease.Every year,millions of people are murdered by these two killers.And to date,doctors have not found an effective way to cure them.But if the gene technology is applied,no
18、t only these two diseases can be cured completely,bring-ing happiness and more living days to the patients,but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved,therefore it benefits the economy as well.In addition,the human lifespan(寿命)can be prolonged.Gene technolog
19、y can help people to give birth to healthier and cleverer children.Some families have genetic diseases.This means their children will for sure have the familial disease,which is a great trouble for these families.In the past,doctors could do nothing about genetic diseases.But gene technology can sol
20、ve this problem perfectly.Scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it,and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to create human beings in large quan-tities.In the past few years,scientists have succeeded in cloning animals such as mic
21、e,sheep,and dogs;therefore,these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned and that it would be beyond control,leading to some disastrous consequences.But many believe that cloned babies will not come out in large quantities,for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal
22、way and they also believe measures will be taken to control gene technology.答案答案 写作提示 文章首先介绍了基因工程的好处。最后一段说明了一些不同的观点。在概要写作时,以自然段为概括的基础。One possible version:Gene technology is now a hot topic worldwide.(要点1)It can help people cure deadly diseases and allow them to live a happier and longer life with b
23、etter economic conditions.(要点2)Gene tech-nology also makes it possible for people with genetic diseases to give birth to healthy babies.(要点3)However,some people are concerned that gene technology will be largely used in human cloning while others dont see it as a problem.(要点4)高级语块高级语块give birth to 生
24、出小孩;造成(某事的产生)be concerned that.担心Writing 4(2017浙江“七彩阳光”联盟3月)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。I cant decide what I want to eat for dinner tonight.Do I feel like Italian food or Thai food?Indian or Chinese?American or Turkish?I dont need to travel around the world;all these choices are available in a typical
25、 inner city in Australia.Australian food has many different cultural influences.Over the past century,people from many countries have come to Australia.These migrants(移民)have contributed to the melting pot,that is,Australian food.“Whether youre after modern,traditional or exotic flavors,Australias e
26、clectic dining scene of-fers a wide range of the worlds great cuisines(菜肴),”the Visit Victoria website noted.Some Australian families may restrict their diet to the basic“meat and three veg”meal:one sort of meat(chicken,beef,lamb,and so on),along with three different types of vegetables(usually pota
27、toes,peas and carrots).But most people enjoy the variety.If I were to pick four meals that every Australian eats,they would be Italian spaghetti bolognaise(意式肉酱面),Chinese fried rice,British fish and chips and Thai green chicken curry.Chinese students in Australia find it easy to get a Chinese meal.C
28、ities like Sydney have large Chi-natowns,but many towns in the country also have a Chinese takeaway restaurant.Popular Australian-Chinese dishes may not always seem authenticHoney Chicken,for examplebut you can still find dumplings and noodles.Even so,Australia has its own,very Australian savory(可口的
29、)dish:meat pie.Its a real classic!The dish is on the menu at every house party and sporting venue(场所),and is eaten every morn-ing after a big night.And who could forget desserts?We Australians often fight with New Zealanders over who has the rightful claim to the pavlova(奶油水果蛋白饼)and lamington(拉明顿巧克力
30、椰丝方形蛋糕)desserts,both equally delicious and sweet.答案答案 写作提示 文章主要是关于澳大利亚饮食的多元化现象。本文段落比较分散,但是其中心主旨还是很明确的。阅读时注意几个相关中心的把握。One possible version:Various choices of food from around the world are available in a typical inner city in Australia.(要点1)Different cultural influences contribute to Australian foods
31、.(要点2)But some Australian fami-lies may restrict their diet to meat and three veg while most enjoy its variety.(要点3)Though Chi-nese dishes are easy to get in Australia,Australians have their own special dishes:meat pie and desserts.(要点4)深度解析深度解析很多概写的文章的自然段结构就反映了文章的要点线索,但是也有的文章,其自然段比较零碎,因此不能依靠自然段的结构来
32、概要写作。这时就要考虑各个自然段在中心方面的相似度,一次来进行概括。高级语块高级语块contribute to 对做出贡献佳句背诵佳句背诵Various choices of food from around the world are available in a typical inner city in Australia.Different cultural influences contribute to Australian foods.Writing 1(2018浙江学军中学领航卷)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Calling Latin a dead la
33、nguage is a matter of semantics(语义学).There are those who would sug-gest Latin is not dead,and that it lives on in everyday language used by billions of people world-wide.Others argue that because therere routine updates on Latin published by the Roman Catholic Church,it is still alive and developing
34、.However,Latin is no longer used,on a daily basis,by the vast majority of people outside of specific religious settings,where tradition influences its use.It is no longer anyones native language.While its use is still taught,Latin is no longer considered to be a developing language to the degree of
35、most modern languages.The reasons for Latin dying out are numerous.Perhaps the most significant one has to do with the decline of the Roman Empire.During the Roman period,language was standardized to a greater degree.Because Rome was the most powerful political country in the Western world at the ti
36、me,B B组组 2012016 62012018 8年年高考模拟高考模拟综合题综合题组组most of those who had any ambition to succeed had a desire to learn Latin.As a result,the language spread rapidly.However,that rapid expansion would eventually begin to plateau(处于停滞状态)and finally decline.Latin continued to be used during the medieval peri
37、od.Throughout Europe,it remained the lan-guage of choice.However,with nothing to unite the continent,there was no need for a uniform language.So slowly,over a period of hundreds of years,Latin began to change as different regions developed their own dialects(方言),known as the Romance languages today,
38、among which the most commonly spoken and recognizable are Spanish,Portuguese,Italian and French.Though not directly related to the Romance languages,Latin still has an effect on many other lan-guages.English,for example,which is not one of the Romance languages but a Germanic one,can trace nearly tw
39、o-thirds of its words back to Latin roots.答案答案 写作提示本文主要介绍了拉丁语的兴衰。文章有五段,每段自成一个信息群,概括要点时以段落为基础进行即可。One possible version:Some people assume Latin is a living and developing language rather than a dead one.(要点1)But most people dont use it in daily life anymore except on specific religious occasions.(要点2
40、)Its gradual disappearance resulted from many factors especially the fall of the Roman Empire.(要点3)With the Roman Empire rising and falling,Latin experienced its expansion,stability and then decline.(要点4)Although Latin changed as the Romance languages came into being,it still influ-ences many other
41、languages,like English,today.(要点5)高级语块高级语块result from由于with the Roman Empire rising and falling 随着罗马帝国的兴衰 expansion n.扩张stability n.稳定decline n.衰落Writing 2(2018浙江温州二模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Look inside any family home in the evening,and you might see a typical enough scene:Mom and Dad,each on the
42、ir own laptop or tablet,streaming movies,catching up on work or maybe answer-ing emails on their smartphones.Meanwhile,one child is chatting online with one school friend while texting another.The other is playing a video game with a friend on the other side of the city at the same time.Each member
43、of the family is totally absorbed in his or her own piece of tech-nologies.According to some experts,the effect of technology on human relationships is worrying as tech-nology becomes a substitute for face-to-face human relationships.It appears to be the case that many people would much rather spend
44、 time with their electronic gadgets(电子产品)than with one another.Young people say it is difficult to get their parents attention and they have to compete with smartphones,tablets and other technologies.However,a report from the Pew Internet and American Life Project offers a more helpful and en-courag
45、ing view,suggesting that far from replacing human contact,technology can actually better family relationships.Just over half of the 2,253 people surveyed agreed that technology had en-abled them to increase their contact with distant family members and 47 percent said it had im-proved the communicat
46、ion with the people they lived with.Moreover,even the closest members of families need time away from each other at some point to seek their own interests.Family mem-bers who might otherwise have sat in separate rooms can now be in the same one while still occu-pying a different mental space.Look ba
47、ck at our typical family scene above.Is it any different from four people reading their own books?Or is it driving family apart?Where technology will lead us remains to be seen.Yet there is no need to worry.As a matter of fact,how it affects our family relationships depends on our atti-tude toward t
48、echnology.答案答案 写作提示本文结构清楚,但是概括要点时要注意文章的观点在前后有很大的转折和对比,而且其观点和我们平时的对电子产品的社会主流观点并不一致,因此在写概要前一定要读懂原文,不要受固有观点的影响。One possible version:Nowadays family members are often found lost in their own electronic products.(要点1)Some ex-perts fear that technology can affect family relationships for lack of face-to-f
49、ace communication.(要点2)However,a report has found technology benefits family bonds in that it makes members closer and provides private mental space as well.(要点3)Actually,not technology itself but peoples attitude towards it influences family relations.(要点4)高级语块高级语块in that 因为;由于be lost in 沉迷于attitud
50、e towards对的态度Writing 3(2018浙江宁波重点高中联考)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Small talk.Chitchat.These are the short conversations we have at parties,while we wait in line at the store,at family events or work.Sometimes we make small talk with people we already know but not well.Often we have to make small talk
