1、 英语国际音标音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。元元 音音12个单元音个单元音长元音长元音a:i:u:短元音短元音i ue
2、8个双元音个双元音ai eii ii e u auu 辅辅 音音11对对清辅音清辅音p tkfhsttrts浊辅音浊辅音b dgvrz ddrdz3个鼻音个鼻音mn2 2个半元音个半元音wj1个个舌边舌边音音l巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后双元音也好背，合口集中八个辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握 元音i:i :学习音标音标i:i:练习练习1.找出下列没有相同发音的词。找出下列没有相同发音的词。()hefeet bread green ()pig is dog ship ()thirtybird her food ()s
3、hebig in money ()sweetsfish teacher we ()teachersisteraboutgirl ()tigerfirstworkshirt ()treebeancleanchin ()fatherdoctorskirt china ()happyseasitpicture2.读音标写单词。读音标写单词。bi:b:d si:swi:t bizi h:dkt sist li:f hi:3.连线。连线。meat :thirsty i:driver animal i:Lesson 2音标音标:u:u学习学习:发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al
4、 or oor a:water aw:draw strawberry al:ball wall or:horse corn fork or short oor:floor door I am Paul.I am four.I am tall.Give me a callI am Paul.I am four.I am tall.Give me a call 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合o a o:fox coffee dog shop dog doctor long a:watch Tom has a lot of dots on his pocket.Tom has a
5、lot of dots on his pocket.u:发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui o:do who whose oo:food moon too ui:fruit juice u:ruler rude How do you do!Bring your stool!Go to school How do you do!Bring your stool!Go to school u发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u o:woman wolf oo:look good book foot wood u:bull bullet Green
6、 Wood,Mike Cook,please have a look,I have a good book.Green Wood,Mike Cook,please have a look,I have a good book音标音标:u:u练习练习一抄写音标，一个抄写一抄写音标，一个抄写10遍遍,一边抄写一边读。一边抄写一边读。u：u:：:：_ 二找出下列没有相同发音的词。二找出下列没有相同发音的词。()moonfood eat fruit ()truebookwoodlook ()foursmallwalk bird ()gotclockshopshirt ()busfootpush boo
7、k ()lostball long ox ()rulerdog mooncake blue ()bigship horse it 四四.写出单词或音标。写出单词或音标。bru:m d:sit b:d fut wi:dg sist look do water good too foot clock first work sister doctor sea 五五.将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。hotblu:footballhuk blueki:s hookfutb:l kisshtLesson 3音标音标a:a:e e 练习练习 a:发这个音的字母和字母组合发
8、这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear a:grass glass class plant dance fast father last ar:car star arm March garden dark scarf au:laugh aunt ear:heart its too far to see the shark and the the shark teeth are sharp its too far to see the shark and the shark teeth are sharp 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou o:son co
9、me colour love money u:sun nut jump gum bus brush supper us ou:touch cousin country Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of Hurry up!A duck cuts a bug in the mud.Hurry up!A duck cuts a bug in the mud.发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合a a:dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant
10、 black fat has stand rat map Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation of Cat!Cat!Catch that fat cat!Cat!Cat!Catch that fat cat!e 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea e:egg bell desk leg pet ten pen ea:bread head breakfast Read the sentence and underline the letters with pronunciation o
11、f e Ted has an egg and a piece of bread goes to bed.Ted has an egg and a piece of bread goes to bed.音标音标a:e 练习练习 一选出下列没有相同发音的词。一选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.car arm food garden ()2.true jump bus cut ()3.bag short map flag ()4.egg pen head small ()5.got clock bell dog ()6.rabbit book wood foot ()7.rat bat apple
12、ten ()8.gun star duck moneg 二二.写出单词或音标。写出单词或音标。pa:st ru:m swet sit ft gt cp sh:t bag car bus bread star headLesson 4双元音双元音ei ai i u au i e u 练习练习ei a+辅音辅音+etakewake eieightweigh ayplayday aiaimaid aAprilaviator A good fame is better than a good face.一个好的名望胜于好的相貌。一个好的名望胜于好的相貌。i+辅音辅音+elifeadvice yskyd
13、ry iChinacrisis ighhighfight aiaisleThailand Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不待人。岁月不待人。oytoyboy oinoisespoil Boys will be boys.男孩将男孩。男孩将男孩。ooverocean o+辅音辅音+ewroterose owrowgrow ewsew All roads lead to Rome.oupoundloud owcoward Doubt is the key of knowledge.怀疑是知识的钥匙。怀疑是知识的钥匙。earearnear eerdeersheer
14、eaideaarea ereheresevere eirweird（古怪的）（古怪的）Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的老师。经验是最好的老师。arecareshare airfairair earbearswear erewherethere Where there is a will,there is a way.uresurelure ourtour oorpoor As sure as eggs is eggs.千真万确千真万确 /tr/dr/ts/dz/Lesson 6辅音音标辅音音标p b t d练习练习p 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的
15、字母和字母组合p pp p:piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp:apple happy 根据发音规则，圈出没有发根据发音规则，圈出没有发p的单词。单词。1.ship phone sleep pear 2.pick pen big pineapple 3.taxi parrot sheep pig 4.panda pony pet truckb 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b:book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage根据发音规则，圈出发
16、根据发音规则，圈出发b的2个单词。单词。1.cab gift beach love 2.pet god tub bed 3.weather boy bus make 4.rabbit read dress babyt 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t:table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket tt:butter matter根据发音规则，圈出没有发根据发音规则，圈出没有发t的1个单词。单词。1.taxi fat bag toy 2.hat ticket tea duck 3.pocket packet cat raind 发这个音的字母和
17、字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d:duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed:smiled opened played根据发音规则，圈出没有发根据发音规则，圈出没有发d的1个单单词。词。1.bed clothes hand 2.dog cold five 3.dance duck grape音标音标p b t d练习练习选出下列没有相同发音的词()1.pear ship coat pig()2.taxi bean cab cabbage()3.hat sea ticket wallet()4.seed dance hand f
18、ull()5.pick pen sit pineapple()6.cold find door chair()7.cloth purple pool push()8.eat fan quiet setLesson 7辅音音标k g s z学习k发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck c:cap cook cup car can class k:cook milk key desk kite cake ck:clock sock cock neck从下列单词中找出一个发从下列单词中找出一个发sk的单词。单词。1.cake car desk neck 2.mask rock
19、ink clock 3.disk truck silk duck g发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g:glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg:egg 根据发音规则，圈出发根据发音规则，圈出发g的单词。单词。gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language s发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce s:star sun snake sea see c:pencil city cedar c
20、eiling celebrate ss:grass glass class boss ce:face race rice nice 根据发音规则，圈出每组中根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发个发s的单词。单词。1.whose juice lick student 2.those case scarf shoes 3.space nose science meat 4.tears piece bus nose z发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z:zero zebra zoo s:bags photos sisters se:nose rose根据发音规则，圈出每组中根
21、据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发个发z的单词。单词。1.zoo freeze lick case 2.game play busy shoes 3.dog nose rose meat 4.tears peanut eagle zero音标k g s z的练习一 将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.car stay neck clock()2.gas give drive bag()3.sea boss rice cook()4.lick zoo rose zero()5.tears freeze desk busy三.把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。socks gigl giggle gust g
22、host sks face ti:z cheese feisLesson 8辅音音标辅音音标 t d练习练习 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s:sugar sure sh:ship sheep wash cash shop she根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发的的2个单词。个单词。1.shell ship watch desk 2.truck shirt skirt ship 3.brush carrat sheep sleep 4.hero shape street shelf 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合s s:
23、television,usually,Asia an unusual collision;a great decision;my pleasure根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发的的1个单词。个单词。1.shell ship garage desk 2.truck shirt pleasure ship 3.brush casual sheep sleep 4.hero shape leisure shelf t发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch ch:teacher peach cherry chair tch:watch match 根
24、据发音规则根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发找出下列单词中发t的单词，并抄下来。chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkey China church these flower egg dream shark chick catchd发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge g:ginger giraffe j:jump job jam ge:orange cabbage cage根据发音规则根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发圈出下列单词中发d的单词。egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job gift g
25、ate orange drug jeans gun音标音标 3 t d3练习练习一选出下列具有相同发音的单词。一选出下列具有相同发音的单词。()1.shell watch ship see ()2.shell pleasure sick treasure ()3.chair China Monkey dream ()4.job gift door cabbage ()5.grass chick start jeansLesson 9音标音标f v 的练习的练习 f发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f:five fan flower fish four lea
26、f ff:giraffe ph:phone elephant photo gh:laugh选出下列单词中不发选出下列单词中不发f的单词，写在横的单词，写在横线上。线上。knife flower foot fish pick get photo laugh leaf v发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v:video vase vest ve:five love violin 根据发音规则根据发音规则,在不发在不发v的单词上打的单词上打 violin move vote window van white woman victory wet wave vase发这个音的字母
27、和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合th th:three thin third teeth mouth根据发音规则，圈出不发根据发音规则，圈出不发的单词。的单词。1father three maths thirsty 2.mouth throat Thursday brother 3.think thirsty mother thousand 4.thin thick they teeth 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合th th:father mother brother clothes weather 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发根据发音规则，圈出每组中发 的的1个单个单词
28、。词。1than sister brother three 2.weather thank night good 3.tie look teeth they 4.thin father throat watch音标音标f v 的练习的练习一将下列没有相同发音的词找出来一将下列没有相同发音的词找出来 ()1.foot knife pick fish ()2.window move vote vase ()3.three fan thousand thin ()4.father them brother watch ()5.finish van fool fat ()5.they thin mat
29、hs mouthLesson 10 辅音音标辅音音标tsdz tr dr的练习的练习ts 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts:seats goats coats cats pets eats tes:gates kites dates tastes 根据发音规则，找出发根据发音规则，找出发ts的的4个单词写在后面的横线上。个单词写在后面的横线上。sands woods boots birds hats carrats hands beds friends rats seeds kids dz 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des ds:s
30、eeds woods friends birds beds des:rides 根据发音规则，找出发根据发音规则，找出发dz的的5个单词写在后面个单词写在后面的横线上。的横线上。coats hands cats kites beds words pets kids seats horse sands gates tr 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合tr tr:tree truck trousers strawberry trick 根据发音规则，找出没有发根据发音规则，找出没有发tr的的3个单词写在后个单词写在后面的横线上。面的横线上。seats truck train tr
31、ash tractor drink street drug trousers dr 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合dr dr:draw drink driver dragon dry 根据发音规则，找出每组中发根据发音规则，找出每组中发dr的的2个单词写个单词写在后面的横线上。在后面的横线上。1.dream duck dress rain 2.rat drain drug door 3.tree treasure drawer drink 4.truck dragon dish drum Lesson 11h发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh h:he
32、her head heart hair ham wh:who whose 根据发音规则，根据发音规则，把下列单词中不发把下列单词中不发h的找出来。的找出来。1.ham hat white()2.horse whale who()3.wheat hole hair()r 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr r:rice room ride road rose rr:mirror carrot parrot wr:write wrong wrap 根据发音规则，选出发根据发音规则，选出发r的单词，打的单词，打。1.bread driver wrong rain work
33、er 2.river father robot rope sister 3.write fruit rabbit crown drum l 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll l:look light lock lucky lion tail ll:ball pull dollar tell 根据发音规则，选出每组中不发根据发音规则，选出每组中不发l的单词。的单词。1.lamp nail flag woman ()2.yellow fruit lion lychee ()3.grape bull laugh lake ()4.dumpling moon wheel wha
34、le()m 发这个音的字母和字母组合发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb m:mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb:climb comb thumb音标n w j的练习音标n w j的练习把下列单词用线连起来。knee h hang ni:yolk juk whale ik ink weil语音的基本常识语音的基本常识 一：音节的划分一：音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。二：二：开音节开音节&闭音节闭音节 开音节：开音节：a)辅音辅音+元音元音+辅音辅音+e:name,bike,home,due
35、,plane,b)辅音辅音+元音元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello闭音节：闭音节：a)辅音辅音+元音元音+辅音辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,map b)元音元音+辅音辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant三：三：.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节，哪，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。语音的基本常识语音的基本常识 四：浊化音四：浊化音s后面的清辅音要浊化后面的清辅音要浊化discussion：/k/浊化成浊化成/g/stand：/t/浊化成浊化成/d/expression：/p/浊化成浊化成/b/五：连读五：连读辅音辅音+元音元音Itisanold book.Putiton,please.Notatall.Please pickitup.
