1、Grammar and usage -Noun Clauses 名词性从句 2023-1-4 名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。宾语从句和同位语从句。2023-1-41.When we will start is not clear.2.She wont believe that her son has become a thief.3.My idea is that we should do it
2、right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句I 名名词性从句的种类词性从句的种类2023-1-4主语从句一般有三种结构：主语从句一般有三种结构：1.1.主语从句主语从句+谓语谓语That she will win the match is certain.2.It+be+2.It+be+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that+that从句从句It is important that we teens should learn English.
3、It is good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school.It is said that our school will hold a sports meeting3.It+seem(happen，appear等不及物动词)+that从句It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.2023-1-4宾语从句的结构宾语从句的结构主句主句 +连接词连接词(引导词引导词)+)+宾语从句宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语
4、从句，宾语从句放在放在及物动词及物动词或或介词介词之后作宾语。之后作宾语。I dont know why he is always late for school.We all agree with what you said at the meeting.宾语从句宾语从句2023-1-4表语从句表语从句 表语从句位于连系动词后表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用有时用as ifas if引导。引导。其基本结构为其基本结构为:主语主语 +系动词系动词 +that+that从句。从句。1.1.be,look,remain,等系等系动词后均可跟表语从句：动词后均可跟表语从句：My suggestion
5、is that we should go shopping.2.2.as if 也可引导表语从句。也可引导表语从句。It looks as if its going to rain.3.the reason why is that 和It is because 等结构等结构。It was because I got up late.2023-1-4同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些句中某些名词名词的后面，说明这些的后面，说明这些名词的含义名词的含义。可跟。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：同位语从句的名词主要有：fact,n
6、ews,promise,reason,idea,hope,word,belief等。等。Beijing,the capital of China,is my hometown.We heard the news that our team had won.We were happy to hear the news that was announced by our boss.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语短语同位语短语2023-1-41.(2008山东)_ was most important to her was her family.A.it B.this C.What D.
7、as2.(2009北京，31）At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _it got any better.A.When B.how C.why D.if3.(2006全国I,23）See the flags on top of the building?That was _ we did this morning.A.When B.which C.where D.what4.(2009浙江，12）Is there any possibility _ you could pick
8、 me up at the airport?-No problem.A.When B.that C.whether D.what主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句2023-1-4 I.名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词：that、if、whether不作成分无意义2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which3.连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否”作状语作主/宾/表2023-1-4注意:区别if 与whether 1.I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2.I dont know _ or no
9、t Ill be free tomorrow.3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherwhether2023-1-4 5.It depends on _ we will have enough money.6._ they can do it matters little to us.7._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.whetherWhetherIf 2023-1-4请你归纳a.a.主语从句并在句首主语从句并在句首b.b.表语从句表语从句c.c
10、.同位语从句同位语从句e.e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.f.直接加动词不定式只能直接加动词不定式只能用用whether（to do）g g whether or not 直接连用时不用直接连用时不用if只能使用只能使用whether 的情况：的情况：请你归纳请你归纳If 表-是否-常用于动词后的宾语从句2023-1-41._ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 2._ well go camping tomorrow depen
11、ds on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where高考题选萃that 表肯定意义whether表疑问There is no doubt_ he will win the first place.that2023-1-4 that 与 what 的区别What he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will come is true.that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任 何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省（动词后）。what 既起连接作用,又在从句中作 主语,宾语,表 语(且在名词性从句中只有wha
12、t可作表语）32023-1-41._ he said so made us angry._ he said at the meeting made us angry.2.A computer can only do_ you have instructed it to do.（01全国）3.中国不再是过去的样子了。4.A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.（04天津）A.what B.which C.that D.whereThatWhatChina is no longer _ it used to
13、be.whatwhat2023-1-41.That he will succeed is certain.2.Whether he will go there is not known.3.What he said is not true.4.Where he hid the money is to be found out.5.Whoever comes is welcome.请思考？请思考？2023-1-4注意点注意点1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后.例:误:When will he come is not known.2).连接词that在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略
14、.例:误:He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.正:When he will come is not known.正:That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.除了动词后的宾从2023-1-43).whoever,whatever,whichever等词可以引导主语从句,但no matter who,no matter what 等不能.Whoever breaks the school rules must be punished.试比较：Whoeve
15、r breaks the schools rules,he must be punished.No matter who breaks the school rules,he must be punished.让步状语从句主语从句2023-1-4 1._ was said here must be kept secret.2._ we need is more time.3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.4._ breaks the law will be punished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverAnyone who2023-1-4
16、1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity.2.他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that考点 ：it作形式主语(主从),形式宾语（宾从）it 作形式主语Whether he will come or not2023-1-4 It is reported/thought/said/predicted that It is clear/necessary/certain that It is a pity/a shame/an honor tha
17、t It doesnt matter whether It seems/appears that It happens that Can you understand them?2023-1-41._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I ha
18、ve no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat2023-1-41)（2008浙江)_ want to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A).anyone B).the one C).whoever D).who2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(93)A).what B).that C).the fact D).th
19、e matter3)（2006浙江）_is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.A).As B).That C).this D).It 挑战高考挑战高考2023-1-41.I wondered _ you were so angry.2.It all depends on _ they will support us.3.I cant imagine _made him act like that.4.Im delighted _I have pa
20、ssed the exam.5.I find it necessary _ we should do the homework.用适当的连接词填空用适当的连接词填空why whether what that that请思考？请思考？2023-1-4二二.宾语从句宾语从句1.1.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词:宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同.2.2.注意点注意点1)宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序.2)引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数 情况下可以省略.3)whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 但:(1)当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if 例:I dont kno
21、w _I will stay or not.(2)介词后面的宾语从句不能用if 例:I worry about _ I hurt her feeling.whetherwhether2023-1-44)that在宾语从句中的省略与保留 (1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句 (真正宾语)的句型中不省略.例:We must make it clear that we mean what we say.(2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语 从句中,that 不省略.例:He told me that he would come and that he would co
22、me on time.2023-1-4(2)it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if 或when从句 5）it 作形式宾语(1)make/find/feel/consider/think it +adj/n +that/to doI hate it when people laugh at the disabled.2023-1-41.Ive got to make clear that he told a lie.2.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is cl
23、ear and bright.(2004)A.this B.that C.it D.one3.他发现很难使别人理解他.He found _.itit difficult to make himself understoodit2023-1-41)（2005山东，26)The shopkeeper didnt want to sell for _ he thought was not enough.A).where B).How C).what D).which2)(2006全国I，16)-what did your parents think about your decision?-They
24、 always let me do _I think I should.A).when B).that C).how D).what 挑战高考挑战高考2023-1-4TranslationTranslation问题是我们是否可以信任他。问题是我们是否可以信任他。我建议买台大电脑。我建议买台大电脑。她看起来要哭了。她看起来要哭了。The question isMy suggestion is He looked whether we can rely on him.as if he was going to cry.that we(should)buy a big computer.请思考？请思
25、考？2023-1-42.2.注意点注意点1)表语从句一律用陈述句的语序.2)表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略.3)表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if 引导.4)不要使用 The reason is because that 句型,应使用 The reason is that 或 This/it/that/is because等句型.例如:今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多.误:The reason why he was late this morning is because that there was a lot of traffic on the road.正:
26、The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road.或:He was late this morning.That was because there was a lot of traffic on the road.2023-1-41.(2009江西，33）The fact has worried many scientists_ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A).what B).which C)
27、.though D).that 2.(2009辽宁，29）Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A).that B).what C).as D).which真题荟萃2023-1-4同位语从句1）The fact that he was killed made us surprised.2）I have no idea when he will be back.3）We heard the news that our team had won.4）Can you find the answer to the qu
28、estion what was wrong with the computer?5）He made a suggestion that we(should)read some original English literature works.2023-1-41.1.同位语从句的引导词同位语从句的引导词:that,whether,how,when,where,why等引导。that引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有:idea,fact,news,belief,thought,doubt,suggestion;proof,message,order,conclusion,desire,theor
29、y,truth,word 等.2.2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别:如果that作从句中的某一成分,则是定语从句,如果that不作从句中的任何成分,则是同位语从句.例:(1)I had no idea that it was so late.(主系表 结构,that 不作从句中的成分,同位语从句)(2)I still remember the place that we visited last year.(主谓宾结构,that作从句中的宾 语,定语从句)2023-1-4同位语从句的简易判断方法：我们可以在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺
30、，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。eg:The belief that the earth is flat is still held in some countries.The belief is that the earth is flat.2023-1-41.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.判断：定语从句(AT),同位语从句(AP)2.The news that is spreading around the airpor
31、t is coming.3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.5.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.APATAPATAP2023-1-41.The photographs will show you _（MET89）A.what does our village look like B.w
32、hat our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 从句一定用陈述语序2023-1-41.(09四川8).News came from the school office _ Xiao Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A.which B.what C.that D.where2.(09天津9).It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared
33、 for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that3.(06上海)One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.A.how B.why C.that D.when 高考链接高考链接同位语从句主语从句表语从句2023-1-44.(上海01年春季）What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon A.when B.
34、how C whether D.why 5.(2006江苏)We havent settled the question of_ it is necessary for him to study abroad A if B where C whether D that 6.(96 NMET)_well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where表语从句宾语从句主语从句2023-1-47.(2000NMET)_she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewe
35、r students showed interest in her lessons.A.that;what B.what;why C.what;because D.why;that8.(09湖南)She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C whatever D.whoever9.(09海南)Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?A.who B.what C.
36、whoever D.whatever主语从句宾语从句宾语从句2023-1-410.(96 NMET)_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.what;what B.what;that C.that;that D.that;what11.(07 全国卷II)_ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.what B.why C.where D.which12.(08天津卷）The last time we had great fun was _we were visiting the
37、 Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why 主语从句主语从句表语从句2023-1-42023-1-4名词性从句在句中要用_语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于_ 1.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what will man look likeB.what man will look likeC.man will look like what D.what look will man like陈述总结归纳：2.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Chri
38、stmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they wereC.how excited were they D.they were how excited 句首2023-1-42.Our physics teacher once told us that light _（travel）faster than sound.travels总结归纳：3)主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态1.He said that he will go to the station.3.Tom says that Mary _(go
39、)abroad last year and _(be)there for nearly 5 months.1 1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态2 2）主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时wenthas beenwould2023-1-4何时开会还没有决定。何时开会还没有决定。When the meeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般一般用用_形
40、式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用动词用_形式。形式。总结归纳：单数复数hasWhen they will start and where they will go_(have)still unknown.何时何地开会还没有决定。何时何地开会还没有决定。When and where the meeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.havehas单数2023-1-4基本
41、句型：It is+形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)do a.It is important(necessary,natural,strange,advisable etc)+that b.It is a pity(a shame,no wonder etc)+that c.It is suggested(ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted etc)+that1.It is ordered that he _ the examination?A.takesB.has to take C.must take
42、 D.take2.It is strange that he _ you this.A.would tell B.should tell C.had told D.has told总结归纳：2023-1-4We suggested that the meeting _A.should put off B.be put off C.was put off D.putting off总结归纳：表示建议、要求、命令,坚持等动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order后的从句谓语动词用 _注意suggest 当
43、表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句按需要来选择时态(should)+do/be doneThe smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.was2023-1-4a.I wish I _(know)the answer now.b.I wish he _(pass)the exam yesterday.c.I wish I _(fly)to the moon in a few years.对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时对过去虚拟时，用had过去分词对将来
44、虚拟时，用would(might等)动词原形knewhad passedwould fly总结归纳：2023-1-4 在 suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即_1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try2.The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed t
45、hey to.A.stopped B.didnt stop C.stop D.not stop总结归纳：(should)+do/be done2023-1-41.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3.(09天津）It is obvious to the students whether they should get well prepared for
46、their future.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not.itItthatwhether找出下列句子中的错误找出下列句子中的错误总结归纳：当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句_，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it 也可作形式宾语。后置后置2023-1-41._ is known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.(福建 2008)A.It B.What C.As D.Which2.He didnt make _ clear when an
47、d where the meeting would be held.（07年天津卷）A.this B.that C.it D.these Exercises_ is known to us all,the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.2023-1-4what 表什么（无选择范围）which表选择,哪一个（有选择范围）1.-Do you know_Miss Zhus address is?-She may live at No.3 or No.4 of Xianxing road.Im not sure of _.2.I read
48、about it in some book or other,does it matter _ it was?（01北京春季）whatwhich总结归纳：No.3 or No.4some book or otherwhich2023-1-4考点6 连接词总结归纳：_等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而 _等只能引导让步状语从句。whateverNo matter what_ you go and _you do,Ill be right here waiting for you.whereverwhateverNo matter whereno matter what离开房
49、间的任何人应该把灯关掉。_ought to turn off the light.他所有的任何东西都被日本士兵站占领了。_was seized by the Japanese soldiers.Whoever leaves the room lastWhatever he hadb)whatever/whoever/无论,不管however/whomever/whichever/2023-1-41.（09湖南）2She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to doit takes to save her life.A.whichever B.ho
50、wever C.whatever D.whoever2._,mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A.However late he is B.However he is late C.No matter how late he is D.No matter how he is late3_wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.(浙江 2008)A.Anyone B.The one C.Whoever D.WhoExercises2023-1-4That he wants
