1、初中英语一般疑问句和特殊初中英语一般疑问句和特殊疑问句疑问句1一、定义一、定义不用疑问词不用疑问词,但需要,但需要用用yes或或no回答回答的疑问句,叫的疑问句,叫一般疑问句,且句末用问号一般疑问句,且句末用问号“?”。二、一般疑问句的基本用法及结构二、一般疑问句的基本用法及结构 1.一般疑问句用于对某一情况一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问提出疑问,通常可用,通常可用yes和和no来回答,来回答,读时用升调读时用升调。一般疑问句主要有三种结构:一般疑问句主要有三种结构:Be主语其他?主语其他?助动词主语谓语动词其他?助动词主语谓语动词其他?情态动词主语情态动词主语动词原形动词原形其他?其他?I
2、s he interested in going there?Does she often have colds?Can you speak Chinese?2.一般疑问句的回答用一般疑问句的回答用yes或者或者no。3.否定疑问句的答语否定疑问句的答语否定疑问句通常是以否定疑问句通常是以“be动词动词/情态动词情态动词/助动词助动词not”的缩写形式开头的,表示请求、看法或者惊讶等。其答的缩写形式开头的,表示请求、看法或者惊讶等。其答语和汉语习惯不同。如:语和汉语习惯不同。如:Arent you a student?Yes,I am.No,I am not.三、陈述句变一般疑问句的方法三、陈
3、述句变一般疑问句的方法 1.动词动词be的疑问式的疑问式:动词:动词be根据不同的时态和人根据不同的时态和人称可以有称可以有am,is,are,was,were等不同形式,可用作等不同形式,可用作系动词系动词(表示(表示“是是”、“在在”等)和等)和助动词助动词(用于(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等),但不管何种情况,构成进行时态和被动语态等),但不管何种情况,构成疑问式时,一律构成疑问式时,一律将动词将动词be的适当形式置于句首的适当形式置于句首,即:即:Be动词动词+主语主语+谓语谓语(表语表语)+其他?其他?Is your father angry?(一般现在时一般现在时)Yes,he i
4、s.No,he isnt.Were the babies crying last night?(过去进行时过去进行时)Yes,they were.No,they werent.Is English spoken all over the world?(被动语态被动语态)Yes,it is.No,it isnt.2.动词动词have的疑问式的疑问式:动词:动词have根据不同的时态和根据不同的时态和人称可以有人称可以有have,has,had等形式,可以用作等形式,可以用作实意动词实意动词和和助动词助动词,分以下情况讨论:,分以下情况讨论:用作实意动词用作实意动词表示状态表示状态,如表示拥有、患
5、病或,如表示拥有、患病或用于用于have to表示表示“必须必须”等,可以直接将等,可以直接将have,has,had置于句首,也可根据情况在句首使用置于句首,也可根据情况在句首使用do,does,did.Does he have Has he anything to say?Do you have Have you to leave so soon?Did you have Had you any friends then?用作实意动词用作实意动词表示动作表示动作,如表示,如表示“吃(吃(=eat)”、“喝(喝(=drink)”、“拿(拿(=take)”、“收到(收到(=receive)”、
6、“度过(度过(=spend)”等,构成疑问式时不能将等,构成疑问式时不能将have提前提前至句首,而至句首,而应在句首使用应在句首使用do,does,did:Does he have breakfast at home?Did you have a good time at the party?现在完成时的一般疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句:句型:句型:Have(Has)+主语主语+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词+其他?其他?Have you known her since your childhood?Yes,I have.No,I havent.过去完成时的一般疑问句过去完成时的一般疑问句:句
7、型:句型:Had+主语主语+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词+其他?其他?Had he learned about two thousand English words before he came here?Yes,he had.No,he hadnt.3.情态动词的疑问式情态动词的疑问式:情态动词的疑问式通常是:情态动词的疑问式通常是将将情态动词置于句首情态动词置于句首:句型:情态动词句型:情态动词+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他?其他?Can you bring me some apples?Yes,I can.No,I cant.Can you speak English?Must I
8、finish the work at once?4.实意动词的疑问式实意动词的疑问式:一般实意动词的疑问式,通:一般实意动词的疑问式,通常应常应根据不同时态和人称根据不同时态和人称在句首加在句首加助动词助动词do,does,did等:等:句型:句型:Do(Does,Did)+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他?其他?Did he do morning exercises yesterday?Yes,he did.No,he didnt.Do you go to school every day?Does the boy like dancing?Did you see the film last
9、 night?PART 02PART 02考点二考点二:特殊疑问句特殊疑问句一、定义一、定义用疑问词用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。回答特殊引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时疑问句时不能用不能用yes或或no且要用且要用降调降调。为了便于理解、。为了便于理解、掌握特殊疑问句,我们把疑问词分为三类:掌握特殊疑问句,我们把疑问词分为三类:A疑问代词:疑问代词:what,who,which,whose,whom B疑问副词:疑问副词:when,where,why,how C疑问形容词:疑问形容词:what(which,whose)+名词名词 一、疑问代词的用法一、疑问代词的用法 1.由
10、由what引导的疑问句,此类疑问句可以对引导的疑问句,此类疑问句可以对主语主语、表语表语和和宾语宾语提问。提问。(1)对)对主语主语提问提问 What is in your pocket?There is an egg in it.Whats in the room?There are a lot of chairs in it.=A lot of chairs are in it.(2)对对宾语宾语提问提问 What did you buy?I bought a bike.(3)对对表语表语提问提问 What is this?Its a bench.2.who,whom,whose引导的疑问
11、句,此类疑问句引导的疑问句,此类疑问句可以对可以对主语主语、表语表语和和宾语宾语提问。提问。Who broke the window?Who is that woman?Whose is this umbrella?3.由由which引导的特殊疑问句,此类疑问句可以对引导的特殊疑问句,此类疑问句可以对主语主语和和宾语宾语提问。提问。Which is Toms?This is his.Which does he want?He wants the green one.二、疑问形容词的用法二、疑问形容词的用法 当当what,which,whose后面跟上名词时,这三个后面跟上名词时,这三个疑问词疑
12、问词起形容词作用起形容词作用。What sports do you like?(对宾语提问)(对宾语提问)I like basketball.Whose pens are these?(对表语提问)(对表语提问)They are Li Mings.Whose father died two years ago?(对主语提问)(对主语提问)Which picture did you take?(对宾语提问)(对宾语提问)I took the one on the right.三、疑问副词的用法三、疑问副词的用法 句型:疑问副词句型:疑问副词+一般疑问句的语序一般疑问句的语序+其他?其他?1.wh
13、en引导的疑问句:询问时间引导的疑问句:询问时间 When were you born?(I was born)on June 5.2.where引导的疑问句:询问地点、场所引导的疑问句:询问地点、场所 Where do you live?(I live in)Beijing.Where are you going?I am going to Japan.3.why引导的疑问句:询问原因引导的疑问句:询问原因 它的回答只能用它的回答只能用because引导的原因状语从句引导的原因状语从句。Why are you late?Because I met the accident.Why didnt
14、 you see the movie?Because I had seen it before.4.how引导的疑问句:可分为两类引导的疑问句:可分为两类(1)“How?”how可单独地置于可单独地置于疑问句的句首疑问句的句首,询问询问如何做某事如何做某事即做某事的方法、手段即做某事的方法、手段及及健康、天气健康、天气等等How do you go to school?(问方式)(问方式)How are you?(问健康)(问健康)How is the weather today?(2)How+形容词(副词)形容词(副词)?,来,来询问年龄、身询问年龄、身高、数量、次数、距离高、数量、次数、距
15、离等。等。How many 多少(可数名词)多少(可数名词)How many sisters do you have?How much 多少(不可数名词)多少(不可数名词)How much is the book?How old 多大(岁数)多大(岁数)How old are you?How tall 多高(人,树)多高(人,树)How tall is that tree?How long 多少时间(多久)多少时间(多久);多长(长度)多长(长度)How long will you stay here?How long is the rope?How often 多久(频率)多久(频率)How often do you visit here?How soon 多快(时间)多快(时间)How soon will he be back?How far 多远(距离)多远(距离)How far is it from A to B?