1、状语从句20232023年年中考中考英语专题复习英语专题复习状语时用来修饰状语时用来修饰 词词，词词，词词或或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。句。分类如下：分类如下：动动形容形容副副句子句子状语从句状语从句1.时间时间状语从句状语从句2.地点地点状语从句状语从句3.原因原因状语从句状语从句4.条件条件状语从句状语从句5.让步让步状语从句状语从句6.目的目的状语从句状语从句7.
2、结果结果状语从句状语从句8.方式方式状语从句状语从句9.比较比较状语从句状语从句状语从句难点讲解句型复习1.不久你就要上大学了。不久你就要上大学了。It wont be long before you go to college.2.还有还有200天就高考了。天就高考了。It will be 200 days before the College Entrance Exam.3.自从你来这儿已经两年了。自从你来这儿已经两年了。It is two years since you came here.4.为为而骄傲而骄傲 be proud of 我为你取得的成就感到骄傲。我为你取得的成就感到骄傲。
3、Im proud of your achievement.so与such的区别1.so的用法的用法1)They were all so tired that they could do nothing.so+adj.2)He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.so+adj.+a+可数名词可数名词3)He had so little education that he was unfit for the job._ many people _ little boy _ little money so+many muchfewlittle(少
4、少)+n.sosuchso2.such的用法的用法1)He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.对比：对比：He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.such+n.adj.a（可数名词单数）（可数名词单数）（可数名词复数）（可数名词复数）adj.+n.(不可数名词不可数名词)adj.+n.练习1._ clever a student2._ a clever student3._ fine weather4._ difficult situationssuchsuchsuchsoso与
5、such的倒装1.He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.(so放句首倒装放句首倒装)So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.2.He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.So little money did he earn that he couldnt supp
6、ort his family.翻译练习1.The bridge is too narrow for two cars to pass.2.The stadium could accommodate up to 2000 people.3.Water power can be used to generate electricity.4.The oldest temple dates from the first century.5.He brought an end to his life with a gun.6.His wish to be an actor has come true.7
7、.She doesnt talk much,but what she says makes sense.让步状语从句1.引导词引导词 though although even if even though as2.注意事项注意事项 1）不能与）不能与but连用连用,可用可用yet,stillAlthough he has a lot of money,he is unhappy.Although(Though)he was over sixty,(yet)he began to learn French.2)as和和though引导句子时用倒装引导句子时用倒装Though/Although h
8、e is a child,he knows a lot.（用（用as时必须倒装时必须倒装,用用though可倒可不倒）可倒可不倒）Child as he is,he knows a lot.Although I like it much,I wont buy it.Much as I like it,I wont buy it.3.补充知识点补充知识点 1)Whatever happens,we shall not lose heart.2)Whoever you are,you must obey the rules.3)Whether you believe it or not,it is
9、 true.引导词可分为两部分引导词可分为两部分 as while when before after until(till)since as soon asevery timenext timethe first/secondtimeThe day/minute/moment/instant/instantlyimmediatelydirectlyno sooner than,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句,可以表达可以表达“当当时时”，“一一 边边一边一边”，“随着随着”等意思。等意思。1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。表示
10、某事一发生，另一事立即发生。As the sun rose,the fog disappeared.2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生，译为表示两个动作同时发生，译为“一边一边一边一边”。The students took notes as they listened.4.表示表示“随着随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。一种状态随另一种状态变化。As she
11、grew older,she became more beautiful.As time goes on/by,the impression she left on me became blurred.1.as,while,when的区别的区别while:常和常和延续性动词延续性动词连用，侧重主从连用，侧重主从句动作同时发生。句动作同时发生。*I hurt my shoulder while I was doing gym.*I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.*Im going to the post office.W
12、hile you are there,can you get some stamps for me?Strike while the iron is hot.趁趁热打铁。热打铁。While I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend.(while=_)While I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.(while=_)While there is life there is hope.(while=_)He likes pop music,while I am
13、fond of folk music.(while=_)whenalthough as long asWhile 在句中的不同含义在句中的不同含义:whereaswhen:持续性非持续性动词都可，主从持续性非持续性动词都可，主从句动作可同时或先后发生。句动作可同时或先后发生。当当时时这时这时e.g.When I first saw her,I fell in love with her.-When did you get home?-It was eight oclock when I got home.1)They were walking down the street when they
14、 saw an accident.2)I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.before,after引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 before引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在在之前之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。视句意有时可译表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。视句意有时可译作作“还没来得及还没来得及就就”，“趁还没有趁还没有就就”，“到到时才时才”。We clean the classroom before we leave school every day.It will not
15、 be long before you regret for what youve done.after引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在在之后之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。After you use plastic bags,you mustnt throw them about.since引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从自从”，主句常用主句常用现在完成时现在完成时，从句常用，从句常用一般过去时一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。例
16、句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we parted.常用句型：常用句型：It has been(is)+时间段时间段+since从句从句 “自从自从有多长时间了有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been(is)six years since she graduated from the university.until/till引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 until/till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到直到
17、时时”，当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。Ill stay here until you come back.当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。主句常用否定形式。not until“直到直到才才”注意：注意：not until放在句首，放在句首，主句要部分倒装。主句要部分倒装。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。例句：他直到做完作业才
18、睡觉。Not until he finished his homework,did he go to bed.as soon as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为引导的时间状语从句，译为“一一就就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.相当于相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：用法的词或短语还有：immediately,d
19、irectly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant等等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.I went home directly I had finished work.名词短语名词短语引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 the moment,the minute,the instant,the time,the hour,the day,by the time,each time,every time,next time,any time等等也可以引导时间状语从句。也可以引导
20、时间状语从句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.By the time you arrived,the lecture had already ended.By the time he comes,we will already have left.Every time I caught a cold,I had pain in my head.Be sure to call on me next time you come to visit our city.1.When every time I was in tr
21、ouble,he would come to help me.2.At next time you come,do remember bring your son here.3.For the first time I met the girl,I felt in love with her.4.You are welcome to come back at any time you want to.5.At the last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.语法规则：语法规则：every time,each time,next time,the
22、first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句名词短语引导时间状语从句其他连词其他连词引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 no sooner than,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen引导引导时间状语从句时间状语从句,从句用从句用一般过去时一般过去时，主句用，主句用过去完成时过去完成时。当当no sooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。用部分倒装。I had no sooner begun to talk than
23、he rang off.He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off.No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.1.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.A.while B.after
24、C.in case D.the minute2.How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A.when B.until C.before D.since3._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.since C.As D.While4.He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A.why B.where C.when D
25、.while地点状语从句用连接副词地点状语从句用连接副词 where或或wherever(在任何地方在任何地方)引导。引导。e.g.a.Just stay where you are.b.Where there is a will,there is a way.c.You can sit wherever you like.d.Wherever you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.1.When he reads a book,his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.A.
26、there B.wherever C.the place D.in which原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：常用的连接词是：because,as,since,now that,for,和和considering that,seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原这七个连词都用于表示表示原因因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。但在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g.He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f.He might be ill
27、,for he didnt come to school.表示表示“直接直接”原因。原因。表示表示“间接的推断间接的推断”原因原因.不可出现在句首。不可出现在句首。because,since,as,for的区别的区别:because直接原因，非推断语气最强直接原因，非推断语气最强 回答回答why的问题。的问题。since 通常放句首译为通常放句首译为“既然既然”as 不谈自明的原因不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。，语气最弱。for 放句中，引导后半句表原因放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断或补充推断 的理由的理由。1.I danced in front of the people _ I like
28、d it.2.Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do a lot of walking.3._ he was not well,I decided to go without him.4._ everybody know about it,I dont want to talk any more.5.He must be ill,_ he is absent Today.6.Some people believe that _ oil is running out,the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.b
29、ecauseasAsSinceforsince 条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless (除除非非),as/so long as(只要只要),on condition(只要只要),once(一旦一旦),in case(假使假使),providing/provided(that)等等。e.g.a.Well come over to see you on
30、 Saturday if we have time.b.We should serve the people as/so long as we live.1.We will be able to get there on time,_ our car doesnt break down on the road.A.as soon as B.as far asC.as long as D.as well as2.In time of serious accidents,_ we know some basic things about first aid,we can save lives.A.
31、whether B.untilC.if D.unless3._ you have tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When _ you touch an English person,you should say“sorry”._ they are dirty,certain seas are not able to clean themselves._ we dont lose heart,well find a way to overcome the difficult
32、y.You can be allowed to play the game _you finish your homework first.Dont touch anything _ your teacher tells you to.IfOnceAs long ason condition thatunless 在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：从句。常用引导词：though,although,even if,even though,no matter+疑问词疑问词(what/who/where/when/which
33、/how)疑问词疑问词-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引导词：特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首一般用在句首)，whether or,whether()or not however和和no matter howthough,although 判断以下句子是否正确：判断以下句子是否正确：Although he is rich,but he is not happy.Although he is rich,yet he is not happ
34、y.Although we have grown up,our parents still treat us as children.要点归纳：要点归纳：though,although当当“虽然虽然”讲讲,都不能和都不能和 but 连用连用.但是他们都可以同但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用连用.ever if,even thougheven if 和和 even though 表示表示“”即使即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.as引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句 as 引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的引导的让步状语从句
35、，必须将从句中的 、以及谓语中的以及谓语中的 提前至从句句首，作表语的单数提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需 。表语表语状语状语实义动词实义动词省略省略Though he works hard,he makes little progress.Hard as/though he works,he makes little progress.Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do.Child as/though he was,he knew what was the r
36、ight thing to do.Though you may object,Ill go.Object as/though you may,Ill go.句型：句型：adj./n.(前无冠词前无冠词)/adv./v.+as从句，主语从句，主语+谓语谓语whether or,whether()or notwhether or,whether or not 表示表示“不论是否不论是否”，“不管是不管是还是还是”。Whether you believe it or not,it is true.Youll have to attend the party whether you are free
37、or busy.while 也可以引导让步状语从句，意为也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管尽管”，语气比，语气比though/although弱。其引导的从句一般位于弱。其引导的从句一般位于 。句首句首例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。While I like its color,I dont like its shape.no matter+疑问词疑问词 疑问词疑问词-everNo matter what happened,he would not mind.Whatever happened,he would not mind.替换：替
38、换：no matter what=whatever no matter who=whoever no matter when=whenever no matter where=wherever no matter which=whichever no matter how=however No matter how_,it is not necessarily lifeless.A.a desert may be dry B.dry a desert may beC.may a desert be dry D.dry may a desert be 1._ I accept that he i
39、s not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.since C.Before D.Unless2.The workers are determined to go through with their railway project,_ the expenses have risen.A.as long as B.even though C.now that D.as though3.I really want the watch,however much _.A.does it cost B.costs it C.will it c
40、ost D.it costs4._ we have finished the course,we shall start doing more revision work.A.For now B.Now that C.By now D.until5._,the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.A.Wanting the job very much B.Although wanting the job badly C.Though he wanted the job very much D.He wanted the job b
41、adly引导目的状语从句的连词引导目的状语从句的连词:in order that 用于正式文体中，所引从用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。句可于主句前或后。so thata.较常用，一般用于主句后较常用，一般用于主句后,有时有时可分开，可分开，so 有时可省有时可省;从句中从句中要有要有情态动词情态动词,否则否则,就成为下一种句型：就成为下一种句型：b.无无情态动词则引导情态动词则引导结果状语结果状语从句。从句。for fear that;in case;lest(以免以免)等。等。e.g.a.Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear b
42、etter.b.I shall write it down lest I should forget.注意：注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用 so as to do 或或 in order to do e.g.He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock.He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.结果结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由状语从句常位于主句之后，由 so,so that,such that;so that 等引导。等引
43、导。a.So quickly did he run that I couldnt catch up with him.b.The bus broke down so that we had to walk home.c.She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.d.He got to the station finally,only to find the train had left.描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导状语。通常用下列词语引导:as,just as,a
44、s if,as though,the way(that),in the way(that)等。等。a.We must do as the Party tells us.b.Leave the things as they are.c.Most plants need sunlight just as they need water.d.It sounds as if it is raining.e.They did it in a way that I had never seen before.他们以我从没见过的方式行事。他们以我从没见过的方式行事。f.As water is to fish
45、,so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：as as,not so/as as,morethan,less than,the more+adj./adv.,the more+adj./adv.a.He is not so/as healthy as his brother.b.They jumped up and down as hard as they could.c.John is less clever than Peter.d.The busier he is,the
46、happier he feels.e.The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.f.Send for a doctor as soon as(it is)possible.1.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A.because B.so that C.even if D.as2.If things are left _ they are,the problems will never be settled,Im afraid.A.how B.as C.w
47、hat D.where3.Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed.A.like B.so C.which D.as4.I dare not go there _ my parents will see me.A.in case of B.for fear of C.in order that D.for fear that 注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据根
48、据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意句子结构和句意来判别。以来判别。以where和和as为例，能引导多种从句。为例，能引导多种从句。1.You are to find it where you left it.（地点（地点状语从句）状语从句）2.Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）（定语从句，句中有先行词）3.I dont know where he came from.（宾（宾语从句）语从句）4.Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）（主语从句）5.This place is where the
49、y once hid.（表语从句）（表语从句）“as”用于不同的状语从句中用于不同的状语从句中1.She sang as she worked.2.Smart as he is,he doesnt study hard.3.You must try to do as I did.4.She doesnt do her work as carefully as I.5.As she was late for class,she had to say sorry.部分状语从句可用省略形式：部分状语从句可用省略形式：even if,if,once,while,though,unless,when,a
50、s if etc.1.The flower his friends gave him will die unless(it is)watered every day.2.Even if(I am)invited,I wont go there.3.Once(you are)caught sleeping in class,youll be punished by your head-teacher.4.Though(he was)surprised to see us,he gave us a warm welcome.5.She wont speak to anyone unless(she
