1、图表作文的写作图表作文的写作Income Sources of College StudentsSurvey of Income Sources of American and Chinese StudentsExamineesIncome sourcesAmerican studentsChinese studentsparents50%90%part-time job35%5%scholarship15%5%1 1、描述图表、描述图表2 2、说明中美大学生收入来源的原因和理由、说明中美大学生收入来源的原因和理由3 3、阐明未来中美大学生收入的发展趋势、阐明未来中美大学生收入的发展趋势1 1
2、）写作过程）写作过程审题（分析图表）审题（分析图表）-转换（将数字、图表变转换（将数字、图表变为为信息信息）-概括（根据信息进行分析总结）概括（根据信息进行分析总结）-动笔（落实到文字上）动笔（落实到文字上）-定稿（通读全篇，定稿（通读全篇，修改语法、拼写和标点等）修改语法、拼写和标点等）2 2）写作框架）写作框架 引言段引言段:主要通过对图表中所给出的数据进行分主要通过对图表中所给出的数据进行分析和说明，引出本文的主题思想；析和说明，引出本文的主题思想；正文段正文段:通过对以上数据的分析与解释，阐述引通过对以上数据的分析与解释，阐述引起这种变化的原因；起这种变化的原因；结尾段结尾段:通过分析
3、、解释与说明数据变化的规律通过分析、解释与说明数据变化的规律性联系实际客观地展望其发展前景或走向，或是数据性联系实际客观地展望其发展前景或走向，或是数据变化带来的影响。变化带来的影响。3 3）时态的选择）时态的选择 要留意图表中有无参照时间。一般而言，没要留意图表中有无参照时间。一般而言，没有参照时间的图表通常采用一般现在时进行写作；有参照时间的图表通常采用一般现在时进行写作；有参照时间的图表，参照时间用过去时，如果说有参照时间的图表，参照时间用过去时，如果说明的是现在的情况，则必须采用一般现在时进行明的是现在的情况，则必须采用一般现在时进行写作。写作。4 4）对数据的处理）对数据的处理 抓住
4、关键数据作文章：曲线的突然变化；百分比抓住关键数据作文章：曲线的突然变化；百分比的大幅度增加或减少；柱线的大幅度升高或降低；相的大幅度增加或减少；柱线的大幅度升高或降低；相同类目的数字的对比。同类目的数字的对比。5 5）标题）标题 在没有另给标题的情况下，表格名称也就是文在没有另给标题的情况下，表格名称也就是文章的标题。章的标题。According to the table,we can see that though American and Chinese students get income from same channels,the percentage of each is qu
5、ite different.Half the American students income is provided by their parents and the remainder is from their part-time job and the scholarship.Chinese students,on the other hand,get the absolute majority of their income from their parents,while income from other two channels accounts for a small per
6、centage.In my opinion,there are some main reasons for the phenomenon.To begin with,American students are taught to be independent right from childhood while Chinese parents care so much for their children that it is almost unthinkable for college students to live on their own.In addition,Chinese stu
7、dents have fewer opportunities to find part-time job.Whats more,scholarship provided by universities and governments in China is much less than that in America.Nevertheless,more and more Chinese students are seeking part-time jobs nowadays.They are eager to acquire some social skills and earn extra
8、money which will make them less dependent on their parents.And when it comes to the sources of American students income,I think they will remain in the same.图表的种类繁多，大致可以分为表格图表的种类繁多，大致可以分为表格(table)和标和标绘图绘图(graph)两大类，其中标绘图又包括线形图两大类，其中标绘图又包括线形图(line graph)，柱形图，柱形图(bar graph)和圆形图和圆形图(pie graph)。第一季度第二季度
9、第三季度第四季度02 04 06 08 01 0 0第 一 季 度第 三 季 度东 部西 部北 部020406080100第一季度第二季度第三季度第四季度东 部西 部北 部图表作文的常用句型图表作文的常用句型1.It can be seen from the chart/diagram/data/figures/graph/picture/statistics that 2.According to/As shown in/As indicated by/As can be seen in the chart/figures/graph,3.All these statistics(data,
10、findings)clearly show(strongly prove,point to the fact,seem to suggest)that.4.There is/We notice/People find a minimal/slight/small/slow/significant/sharp/rapid/dramatic increase/rise/decrease/decline/drop/reduction/fall in5.On the contrary,remain level/steady/unchanged over the time.6.go up and dow
11、n/wave/fluctuate/be unstable/be in flexible from to7.The number is times as much as that of8.The percentage/figure has nearly doubled/tripled/quadrupled/increased X times compared with as against that of the previous year.9.By comparison with.,it decreased/increased/add up to/soar/fell/descend/shrin
12、k/sink/drop from.to.10.rose(increased,jumped,decreased,dropped)by X percent (at average of X percent,from X percent to Y percent).11.form/comprise/make up/constitute/account for percent of 12.As a result/On this basis/Given this/consequently,it can be concluded/deduced/inferred/estimated that With t
13、he development of the society,a serious problem,air pollution,arises.A survey done shows that there are many causes that account for the problem.As illustrated in the pie chart,the major contributing factor was vehicles(45%).Factories and plants were also responsible for the current problem(35%).Ano
14、ther factor that couldnt be neglected was cigarette smoking(15%).Causes of Air-pollution From the graph,we can be informed that the number of car accidents fluctuated in the year of 1990.The number was ascending from 22 in January to 32 in February,but falling gradually to 26 in May,and after June,t
15、he rate was rising sharply and reached the peak of 39 at August.But afterwards,the rate was declining gradually and finally to the 16 at the end of the year.1991.6 Changes in Peoples Diet Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information in the table.Write thr
16、ee paragraphs to:(1)state the changes in peoples diet（饮食）in the past five years;(2)give possible reasons for the changes;(3)draw your own conclusions.You should quote as few figures as possible.YearFood19861987198819891990Grain49%47%46.5%45%45%Milk10%11%11%12%13%Meat17%20%22.5%23%21%Fruit and Vegeta
17、bles24%22%20%20%21%Total100%100%100%100%100%From the chart we can see that in the past five years,great changes have been taking place in peoples diet.There is a general trend of decrease in the consumption of grain,while the consumption of some high-energy food,such as milk and meat,is increasing s
18、teadily.Why do people have these changes in their diet?In my opinion,there are two major reasons.On one hand,nowadays people have more money spent on food with better nutrition,which is generally much more expensive than grain or vegetables.On the other hand,they now pay attention not only to the qu
19、antity but also to the quality of their food.They have more knowledge in improving the structure of their diet.From the above,we can draw a conclusion that our society is progressing and people are living a better life than ever before.We are now able to purchase more delicious and nutritious food,r
20、esulting in an improvement in our health.From the chart we can see that during the past five years there have been great changes in peoples diet.The greatest change occurs in grain consumption,which has dropped 4%from 49%in 1986 to 45%in 1990 in total food consumption.The second greatest change is i
21、n milk consumption,which increased from 10%in 1986 to 13%in 1990.But on the other hand,two trends can be observed in the consumption of meat and fruit and vegetables.From 1986 to 1989,meat consumption increased from 17%to 23%while that of fruit and vegetables dropped from 24%to 20%.From 1989 to 1990
22、,meat consumption dropped a little to 21%,while that of fruit and vegetables increased a little to 21%.失分原因失分原因1 1）图表描述欠妥）图表描述欠妥-冗长，过细冗长，过细 Through the chart,we easy to see difference in survey of income of American and Chinese students.The American students get 50%of sources from parents,they get t
23、he part-time job 35%and the scholarship 15%.By contrast,the Chinese students from parents get 90%of sources,part-time job 5%,scholarship 5%.-不全面不全面-未能点明要点未能点明要点2 2）段落、句子逻辑）段落、句子逻辑 /关联词的使用关联词的使用 The chart shows that income sources of college students from parents is a large percentage and by contrast
24、 Chinese students percentage is lager than Americans.American students hope that they havent increase troubles for parents as more as possible.Also,the Chinese students think that their parents should pay moneys for them.First,America is a developed country.China is a developing country.3 3）句子结构）句子结
25、构 Chinese students survey for 90%in parents.American students survey for 50%in parents.With the result that Chinese childrens ability drop it.Why such difference between American and Chinese students?It is what that causes the difference?It is lots of reasons that Chinese and American students have
26、differents proportion of income.also about the policy for education.American is richer than our country.4 4）状语的地位）状语的地位 状语只是起修饰作用，修饰句子或动词，不能单独状语只是起修饰作用，修饰句子或动词，不能单独成句。成句。First of all./Firstly./In the first place./There are not alike ideas in their country.For example.Many people realize that educati
27、on is very important.In fact.It is good for people.5 5）词性）词性 We can know the different between American students and Chinese students.American students half income source are from them parents and others are from themself.Income sources of American students are vary.I think the spoil from the parent
28、s is the key.6 6）书写问题）书写问题-题目、要求当中某些单词大写，但在正文中需小写。题目、要求当中某些单词大写，但在正文中需小写。from the table,we can see the Survey of Income Sources of American and Chinese students.-每句首字母必须大写每句首字母必须大写;专有名词的首字母要大写专有名词的首字母要大写 Chinese,thinking about this table-分句开头不用大写（逗号后面不要随意大写）分句开头不用大写（逗号后面不要随意大写）Studying the table car
29、efully.We can see that When the basic requirement has been satisfied.So they could spend more money on other things.7 7）单词）单词/短语短语/句型的使用句型的使用time 时间times 时代 money(不可数)phenomenon:phenomena(pl.)American&America;Chinese&Chinaalthough=though+从句;despite=in spite of +名词结构 develop(v.)development developing
30、account for alike,asleep,aloneYearFood&ClothingRecreation Education Health CareOthers198468%3%6%6%17%199445%5%16%10%24%200420%8%22%16%35%1根据上图描述中国家庭支出的变化；根据上图描述中国家庭支出的变化；2分析产生这些变化的原因；分析产生这些变化的原因；3说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。Statistics of Family Expenses In ChinaAssignment As is shown in the
31、table,dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in China within two decades-from 1980 to 2000.The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing,which has dropped by 48%,while those on recreation,education,health care and other things have all increased by different percentages.Th
32、e causes of these changes are various.Of them,the development in economy is the fundamental one.With the increase of peoples income,a smaller percentage of the total income than before is enough to cover food and clothing expenses.Another reason lies in the development of peoples concept.When people
33、 are well fed and well dressed,they begin to interest themselves in recreation,education and other aspects.In a word,the changes reflect the development of our country.With these pleasing changes,our country will become more and more prosperous,and people are bound to enjoy a better life in the future,satisfied not only with necessities,but also with their spiritual life.
