1、第二十八章第二十八章 分隔分隔1.1.分隔现象产生的原因分隔现象产生的原因2.2.几种常见的分隔现象几种常见的分隔现象1.分隔现象产生的原因（1）为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。例如：She keeps in the garden some of the most lovable little rabbits.她在花园里养了一些最可爱的小兔子。Nancy made the boy laugh who had cried just a moment ago.南希让刚才还哭的男孩笑了起来。They are never alone that are accompanied by noble th
2、oughts.与高尚思想为伍的人永不孤单。The story is told of her phenomenal success in Australia.有人讲述了她在澳大利亚获得非凡成功的故事。（2）为了使表达更加准确，避免歧义。例如：There is no report to us of any accident.没有向我们报告发生什么事故。He has promised to really unite the people in the company.他承诺要真正团结全公司的人。（3）为了强调或突出某一成分，或为了使上下文衔接紧凑。例如：This too we have tolera
3、ted.这我们也忍受了。He was an optimist then,and an optimist he remains now.他那时就是个乐天派，现在仍旧如此。Mr.White fried two small pieces of fish.One of these he fed to his cat.The other he ate himself.怀特先生煎了两小块鱼。其中一块他喂了他的猫，另一块他自己吃了。2.几种常见的分隔现象（1）谓语动词与宾语的分隔。例如：I could see at once from his bright eyes and the smile on his
4、 face that the uniform was a disguise.从他那明亮的眼睛和微笑的脸上，我立刻看出他的制服是为了装扮而穿的。Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.别把今天应该做的事推迟到明天。He often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere 5.他常向我描述他是如何只花5英镑便买到一幅杰作的。We have already discussed to some extent the relationship between la
5、nguage and culture.我们对语言与文化的关系已经作了一些讨论。She has translated into English a novel written by Lu Xun.她已经把鲁迅的一本小说译成了英语。I have found in books new friends,new societies,new world.我在书中发现了新的朋友，新的社交圈子，新的世界。（2）定语从句与其先行项的分隔。例如：He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。The day will come when she will win the fi
6、rst prize.有朝一日她会获得一等奖的。He would be a rash man who should venture to defy world public opinion and act arbitrarily.谁胆敢藐视世界公众舆论而武断行事，他就是个鲁莽之徒。All are not friends that speak us fair.谚说话中听的人未必都是朋友。/说我们好的不全是朋友。（3）同位语从句与其先行项的分隔。例如：The question sometimes comes to my mind whether it was worth the effort.有时我
7、想到这个问题：此事是否值得花这么大气力。The story goes that he often beats his wife.传说他经常打老婆。When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London,they are not taken seriously.伦敦动物园曾接到报告，说伦敦以南45英里的地方发现了一头美洲狮，但这些报告并没有受到重视。（4）主语与谓语的分隔。例如：Your suggestion,to be frank,will only
8、 get us into trouble.坦率地说，你的建议只会给我们造成困难。Romeo,believing that Juliet was dead,decided to kill himself.罗密欧以为朱丽叶死了，决定自杀。And so George,being a good friend of Edwards,was also let into the secret.乔治是爱德华的朋友，于是也得知了这个秘密。（5）谓语的被分隔。例如：Johns good luck was,however,not finished.然而，约翰的好运并未结束。This organization has
9、 not,so far,justified the hopes which the people of the world place in it.到目前为止，该组织辜负了世界人民所寄予的希望。（6）介词短语与其所修饰名词的分隔。例如：Much has been written on the application of psychology to advertising.关于心理学在广告业中的应用，已有很多论述。Many sketches are in existence of peasants seated by the roadside and men and women at work
10、 in the fields.至今保存着许多素描，画的是坐在路旁的农民和在田里劳动的男男女女。Numerous examples can be cited of inappropriate use of grammatically correct English.虽然语法正确，但使用不得体的英语，可以举出很多例子。（7）不定式短语、分词短语与其所修饰名词的分隔。例如：The time has come to decorate the house for Christmas.已经是为迎接圣诞节装饰房子的时候了。Nixon saw an opportunity in Warsaw to conve
11、y a new and more significant message to China.尼克松在华沙看到有个大好机会，能把一个新的更有意义的信息传递给中国。A man appeared wearing a black eye patch.一个戴黑眼罩的人出现了。（8）搭配的分隔。例如：Man is capable,particularly in childhood,of distinguishing minute change in audio frequency.人，特别是在幼年时期，能够分辨音频的细微变化。One point emerges with stark clarity fro
12、m all we have said:综上所述，清楚地表明了这一点：He served for some years as chairman of its Scottish society.他多年来担任其苏格兰协会的主席。The second aspect is the application by all members of society,from the government official to the ordinary citizen,of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in the w
13、ork.第二方面是使用科学家们在工作中所运用的特殊的思想方法和行动方法。社会所有成员，从政府官员到普通老百姓，都要使用这些方法。1.谓语动词find out与宾语 whether a patient has TB 分隔.2.定语从句when we no longer need to carry cash around with us与其先行项the day分隔。3.同位语从句that no language but German may be taught in the school与其先行项an order分隔。4.主语Tim与谓语decided分隔。5 动词imparted与宾语his g
14、reat knowledge,experience and wisdom分隔。练习答案与解析6 谓语had given up被分隔。7 介词短语between town and country与其所修饰的名词difference分隔。8 不定式短语to install safety devices on all machines与其所修饰的名词arrangements分隔。9 分词短语reporting the results of structure determinations by electron diffraction与其所修饰的名词papers分隔。10 搭配caught sight of被分隔。
