1、第二部分 读写能力提升专题十六 语篇型填空中考英语中考英语(山东专用)一、(2018青岛,C)选择恰当的单词填空。每词限用一次。(有两个多余选项)A组 20142018年山东中考题组五年中考 The British Museum is the biggest one in the world.Inside,you feel smaller than usual.There are about a hundred things in the museum to see:1 which have been telling the time for six hun-dred years,Roman
2、money,some of the earliest books in the world,including Shakespeares own works.The British Museum was set up nearly 300 years ago by a doctor,Sir Hans Sloane.The man liked to 2 such things as books,drawings,clothes,money,animals,flowers,and also hoped that his things would be well 3 and so visited b
3、y people after his death.His wish came true,and the museum opened in 1759,six years after Sir Hans Sloane died.Later,more antiques(古董)arrived at the museum,more books,old and new,came to it,and more people wanted to visit it.The museum had a famous round Reading Room.There was 4 un-usual in the room
4、.Cool air came up 5 small holes in the tables.Hot air flowing under the floor kept readers feet 6 .Since its opening,many famous men have written and studied there,like Karl Marx.And the library is growing faster and fasterthere are four kilometers of new shelves each year,7 it attracts increasing n
5、umber of tourists each year.It is now open every day of the year,except for two holidays(New Years Day and Christmas).Entrance(入场)is free.There are lots of special exhibitions and every day there are different films and talks,some of 8 for children.Small machines tell you about the museum and as you
6、 walk around it,you can look and listen at the same time.So if you are one of the British Museums two 9 visitors this year,dont try to see it all too 10 .There is a lifetime of looking in the British Museum.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案 语篇解读本文介绍了大英博物馆的历史和现在的情况。1.clocks此处意为“已经报时六百年的钟表”。which引导的定语从句修饰clocks
7、。2.collect句意:这个男人喜欢收集。不定式中to后用动词原形。3.kept句意:他的物品会被很好地保存下来。“be+过去分词”在这里构成被动语态。4.something句意:这个房间里有一些不同寻常的东西。形容词修饰复合不定代词,通常放于复合不定代词之后。5.through句意:凉爽的空气通过桌子里的小洞上来。through 穿过(空间)。6.warm此处意为“保持读者的脚温暖”。“keep+sth.+adj.”为固定搭配。7.because句意:因为它每年吸引日益增多的大量的观光者。8.them句意:它们中的一些是为孩子准备的。9.million此处意为“两百万的参观者”。注意前有数
8、词时million不加-s。10.quickly句意:不要试图太迅速地看完它。修饰动词see要用副词。二、(2018聊城,四)阅读下面短文,在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。Many children love animals.And Willow Phelps is one of 1 (they).In fact,this American little girl not only loves animals,but she also has done really a lot for them.And 2 (连词)she did these kind thi
9、ngs,she won the 2016 ASPCA(美国防止虐待动物协会)Kid of the Year.Willows 3 (love)for animals started early.When she was about 3 years old,her family took in 4 (冠词)18-year-old cat.Under the care of Willow,the cat lived for another 3 years.After that,many old pets arrived in Willows home.So,Willow began to make
10、plans to help more5 (animal).With her mums help,Willow began running,swimming and even sewing(缝制)toys to6 (raise)money for animals in need of help.In her young life,she has 7 (successful)completed the three projects.Finally,she raised$11,000.She also succeeded in 8 (stop)the use of live goldfish as
11、prizes at her school party.And what she did for goldfish was 9 (notice)and reward-ed(奖励)by the ASPCA.“I will continue to speak up for animals no matter how hard it is,”said Willow.Willow dreams of becoming an animal doctor 10 (介词)the future.Lets hope this little girls dream will come true.1.2.3.4.5.
12、6.7.8.9.10.答案 语篇解读本文介绍了一位美国小女孩如何爱护动物。1.them句意:Willow Phelps是他们中的一个。of为介词,后用宾格代词作介词宾语,故填them。2.because/since/as句意:因为她做的这些善事,她赢得2016年美国防止虐待动物协会的年度儿童奖。And 2 (连词)she did these kind things,she won the 2016 ASPCA(美国防止虐待动物协会)Kid of the Year.中逗号前后是因果关系,所以设空处意思是“因为”,故填because/since/as。3.love句意:Willow对动物的爱早就开
13、始了。根据句意可知这里用名词形式,故填love。4.an句意:大概在她三岁的时候,她的家人带回来一只18岁大的猫。根据句意可知是“一只猫”,表泛指;18是以元音音素开头的单词,故填an。5.animals句意:因此,Willow开始计划帮助更多的动物。根据more可知用复数形式,故填ani-mals。6.raiseWillow甚至缝玩具来给需要帮助的动物筹钱。这里为动词不定式,故填动词原形Raise。7.successfully她成功地完成了三个项目。根据副词修饰动词可知,应填successfully。8.stopping句意:她也成功地阻止了学校晚会上用活的金鱼作为奖品。in介词,后用v.-
14、ing形式,故填stopping。9.noticed句意:她为金鱼所做的被美国防止虐待动物协会注意到并被奖励。what she did for goldfish和notice之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填noticed。10.in句意:Willow梦想未来成为一名兽医。in the future在未来。三、(2018德州,四A)阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词,必要时进行词形变化,填入空白处,每空一词。Most people would stay away from bees while meeting them.However,if you
15、r goal(目标)is to grow a beautiful and productive(丰收的)garden,you will want to bring on bees.How to attract(吸引)bees?Plant!Plant!Plant!Plant not only vegetables but also colorful flowers.Bees are attracted by colors and purple,yellow,white and blue are1 favorites.If possible,you should be 2 to plant dif
16、ferent flowers for bees to choose from.Be sure to plant some flowers in 3 areas.Bees like warm and bright places 4 than cool and dark ones.Another part of learning 5 to attract bees is to always leave a place for wild grass or flowers near your garden.This is where bees can live comfortably and 6 .Y
17、ou can also design a bee house 7 the bees to live.To do this,you can use several 8 of bamboo tied together.Place the house close to the ground 9 bees prefer living close to the ground.Preparing such a place can make sure that they will enjoy and 10 want to leave.Be sure to leave water around for the
18、m to drink.Once the bees are there and active,you will have a fruitful garden.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案 语篇解读想要有一个丰收的花园,先要吸引蜜蜂。文中介绍了如何吸引蜜蜂及如何照顾好蜜蜂。1.their句意:蜜蜂被各种颜色所吸引,它们最爱的颜色是紫色、黄色、白色和蓝色。favorite在这里是名词,意为“特别喜欢的人(或物)”,所以前面用形容词性物主代词their。2.careful句意:如果可能的话,你应该注意种植不同的花朵供蜜蜂选择。be careful to do sth.为固定用法,因此
19、答案用care的形容词careful。3.sunny由Bees like warm and bright places 可知,蜜蜂喜欢温暖明亮的地方。所以应该在阳光充足的区域种植一些花。所以本题的答案为sunny。4.better句意:蜜蜂喜欢温暖明亮的地方胜过凉爽和阴暗的地方。结合句意和语境选well,又因为句子中含有比较连词than,因此用比较级。well的比较级为better。故答案为better。5.howlearn how to attract bees学会如何吸引蜜蜂。6.happily根据句意表达可知此处缺少一个和comfortably并列的副词,结合所给单词,只有happy的词
20、义合适,因为需要副词,所以用happily。7.for句意:你也可以为蜜蜂设计一个居住的房子。这里用for表示“为”。design a bee house for the bees to live意为“为蜜蜂设计一个居住的房子”。所以答案为for。8.pieces句意:要做到这一点,你可以把几块竹片绑在一起。因为bamboo不可数,因此用piece;又因为several后跟可数名词复数,所以答案为pieces。9.because句意:把房子靠近地面,因为蜜蜂喜欢住在离地面很近的地方。bees prefer living close to the ground解释了为什么房子要靠近地面。所以用b
21、ecause。10.never句意:准备这样一个地方可以确保他们享受生活从而不想离开。根据语境和句意可知此处表示“一点也不”。故填never。四、(2018泰安,第四部分,二)根据短文内容,用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,使文章通顺、完整。(每词限用一次)In todays world,sleep experts often say that for a better nights rest,Americans should turn 1 their smartphones or iPads before sleeping.Such electronic products make the b
22、rain more 2 ,and then influence their sleep.But according to a latest survey,more than 90%of Americans often use a computer or some other 3 of electronic products in the hour before bed.Then the researchers studied the college students 7 often used computers at night.They got the 8 results.And resea
23、rchers say that may not only cause sleeplessness,but also 9 the risk of obesity(肥胖症),diabetes(糖尿病)and other diseases.To be on the safe side,the researchers suggest that we should use computer10 than before,or turn down our screens as much as possible before sleeping.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.Researchers
24、find that man-made light from some electronic products at night may reduce(减少)the brain chemicals that help 4 .In the study,the researchers let volunteers read,play games and watch movies on a screen for different time while measuring 5 much light their eyes received.They found that two hours of 6 b
25、efore a bright screen at night reduced the sleep chemical levels by about 22%.答案 语篇解读文章介绍了电子产品的光会影响睡眠。1.off美国人应该在睡觉前关掉他们的手机或平板电脑。根据Such electronic products.in-fluence their sleep.可知应关掉手机或平板电脑。turn off关掉,故填off。2.active句意:这些电子产品使他们的大脑更兴奋,从而影响他们的睡眠。根据句意可知填active。3.kinds超过90%的美国人在睡觉前的一个小时使用电脑或其他种类的电子产品。
26、根据elec-tronic products和选词可知此处意思是“种类”,other+名词复数,故填kinds。4.(to)sleep句意:研究人员发现从一些电子产品发出的光,在夜间能减少帮助睡眠的脑内化学物质。根据上文电子产品影响睡眠,可知是睡眠。help(to)do sth.帮助做某事,故填(to)sleep。5.how测量他们的眼睛接受多少光。how much多少。6.sitting根据before a bright screen at night和备选词可知是坐,介词of后用动名词,故填sit-ting。7.who设空处引导定语从句,先行词是college students,引导词在从
27、句中作主语,故填who。8.similar句意:他们得到相似的结果。根据And researchers say that may not only cause sleep-lessness和语境可知是相似的结果,故填similar。9.raise而且也增加肥胖症、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险。此处表示增加,故填raise。10.less我们应该使用电脑比以前更少。根据or turn down our screens as much as possible be-fore sleeping可知,此处表示“更少”,故填less。I live in Pennsylvania.It is a1 (north
28、)state of America,which is the 33rd2 (large)state in America.You might know some of the cities,like Philadelphia,Pittsburgh and Allentown.The state capital is Harrisburg.Now let me tell you a little more about my state.Several Indian tribes(部落)lived in Pennsylvania before3 (Europe)came.The Dutch cam
29、e first,五、(2018潍坊,五)阅读下面的短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。4 (follow)by Sweden.England started colonies(殖民地)later.After a few fights,they5 (take)control of the land.Pennsylvania6 (give)to the Penn family later.That is how Pennsylvania got its name.Pennsyl-vania was the7 (two)to join the nation.The city of
30、Philadelphia8 (be)an important city since the colony was founded.It was even the capital of America,too!Today,Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country.It is famous for snacks,like pretzels and chips,Heinz ketchup and sauces.There is also Hershey,which is well9 (know)as
31、the chocolate company.There are steel companies in the state,as well as a lot of colleges.There are plenty of things10 (do)in Pennsylvania.There are several major sports teams.Pennsylvania has 121 state parks,and they all have free11 (enter).Hunting is popular here,too.Are you thinking about12 (visi
32、t)the state?1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.答案语篇解读本文介绍了宾夕法尼亚州的历史、地理、经济和文化。1.northern修饰名词state应该用形容词,north的形容词形式为northern。2.largest句意:它是美国第33大州。large为形容词,前面用the+序数词,此处应为最高级largest。3.Europeans句意:在欧洲人来之前,几个印第安部落生活在宾夕法尼亚。Europeans为名词European(欧洲人)的复数形式。4.followed句意:荷兰人先来,其次是瑞典。followed by.为固定搭配,意为“接着是,然后是”。5.
33、took句意:经过几次战斗,他们控制了这块土地。根据语境可知需用动词过去式。take的过去式为took。6.was given句意:宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。7.second/2nd前面有定冠词the,此处应为序数词。8.has been根据“since the colony was founded”可知,此处应该用现在完成时态。主语是The city of Philadelphia,故助动词用第三人称单数形式has。9.known短语be well known as.意为“作为而著名”。10.to do句意:在宾夕法尼亚有很多事情要做。此处用动词不定式表
34、示目的。11.entry/entrance句意:宾夕法尼亚有121个州立公园,而且它们都有免费的入口。此处应该填enter的名词形式entry或者entrance。12.visiting介词about后面接v.-ing,故应填visiting。六、(2018威海,三)用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。Drawing might help you think When youre sitting in class,have you ever drawn pictures in the margins of your notebooks?If so,your teacher might have t
35、old you 1 (stop).Many people think of doodling(涂鸦)as a distrac-tion(精神涣散)from more important things.But it might be just the opposite.One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear.In 2009 researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message.One group 2 (encourage
36、)to doodle,but the other was not.Neither group knew that it would be asked to remember information from the mes-sage.But the group that doodled remembered 29 percent more.Other people 3 (suggest)other uses for drawing.Jesse Prinz,a professor who studies doodling,says it can help you think creatively
37、.Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it.When you come back,you 4 (have)a fresh perspective and figure out an answer more quickly.Two years ago,an author named Sunni Brown 5 (write)a book on doodling.She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think.She admit
38、s that people see doodling as doing nothing,but she wants to change that.In fact,she runs a business that helps companies improve organiza-tion and planning through doodling.Brown 6 (believe)doodling is helpful because it incorpo-rates(整合)many ways of learning.You learn in four ways:seeing,hearing,r
39、eading or writing,and through movement.The more ways you use,the better you learn.And when you doodle while you 7 (listen)to a lecture,you use all four.You might think that being good at 8 (draw)is important for doodling.But if the point of doo-dling is to help you think,then it doesnt matter what t
40、he picture looks like.Even if youre not an artist,doodling can help you.So next time you need help focusing,pick up a pen and doodle away!1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.答案 语篇解读本文介绍了涂鸦的作用。涂鸦可以帮助记忆,可以帮助人思考。1.to stop句意:如果是这样,你的老师可能会叫你停下来。tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人去做某事。2.was encouraged句意:一组被鼓励涂鸦,而另一组则相反。因为这个实验是在2009年做的,因此
41、用一般过去时,根据句意此处表示被动,又因为主语One group为单数,故答案为was en-couraged。3.have suggested句意:其他人也建议了涂鸦的其他用途。根据下文的研究涂鸦的教授Jesse Prinz说它可以帮助你创造性地思考。这说明了涂鸦的别的好处,是已经发生的事情。因此本题用现在完成时。结构为has/have+动词的过去分词。因为主语Other people为复数,故答案为have suggested。4.will have句意:当你回来的时候,你会有一个全新的视角,更快地找到答案。When you come back是一般现在时,那么主句应用一般将来时,故答案为
42、will have。5.wrote句意:两年前,一位名叫Sunni Brown的作家写了一本关于涂鸦的书。因为是两年前写的书,所以时态用一般过去时,故答案为wrote。6.believes句意:布朗认为涂鸦很有帮助,因为它包含了多种学习方式。由从句的谓语is可知,主句为一般现在时。Brown作主语,谓语用第三人称单数形式,因此答案为believes。7.are listening句意:当你边听讲座边涂鸦时,这四个动作你会同时用到。while引导的从句多用现在进行时,其构成为am/is/are+doing,主语是you,故答案为are listening。8.drawing句意:你可能认为擅长画
43、画对涂鸦很重要。因为be good at为介词短语,所以后面用动名词。因此答案为drawing。Why are there fewer and fewer giraffes?Because humans 4 (cut)down many trees to build more houses.And they are also killing the animals 5 (eat)their meat.A report from the Inter-national Union for Conservation of Nature(世界自然保护联盟)says,“Giraffes 6 (disap
44、pear)silently in the near future.And it is time that we do something for the giraffe before it is too late.”People think giraffes are everywhere.Kids books are full of giraffes,and there 7 (be)always giraffes in zoos.But giraffes are in great danger now.Humans should stop killing off certain en-dang
45、ered wild animals and try hard to help save them.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.七、(2017临沂,六)根据短文内容,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。One of the worlds most important and lovely animals is quickly disappearing.Can you guess which one it is?It 1 (have)the longest neck among all animals.Yes,its the giraffe.In 1985,there we
46、re between 152,000 and 163,000 giraffes,and they 2 (live)in the plains(平原)and forests of Africa.“The number of giraffes 3 (fall)by as much as 40 percent since the 1980s,”says a new report on endangered wild animals and plants.答案 语篇解读长颈鹿正面临巨大的危险。本文向我们介绍了它们的现状,呼吁我们保护野生动物。1.has本题考查一般现在时谓语动词的用法。当主语为第三人称
47、单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故用has。2.livedIn 1985是一般过去时的时间状语。故live应该使用过去式。3.has fallen由since the 1980s可知用现在完成时。又根据the number of可知填has fallen。4.are cutting根据下文的they are also killing可知此处用现在进行时。5.to eat根据句意可知,人们杀死动物是为了吃它们的肉,to eat表目的。6.will disappearin the near future表示在不久的将来,故设空处应用一般将来时。7.are根据设空后的giraffes可知用are
48、。八、(2017枣庄,第四部分第二节)阅读下面材料,把答案写在横线上,有的答案要填入适当的内容,有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式,但每个答案不多于3个单词。Today,the 1 (popular)of basketball has risen around the world,with many young people dreaming 2 becoming famous players.In China,you 3 (see)people playing basketball now and then in parks,schools and even 4 (factory).Baske
49、tball has not only become a popular sport to play,but it has 5 become a popular sport to watch.Although Americas NBA games are 6 (famous)in the world,the CBA games are becoming more popular in China.7 number of foreign players,including Chinese players,in the NBA has increased.There 8 (be)also more
50、and more foreign players in the CBA.Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like 9 (they).These stars encourage young people 10 (work)hard to achieve their dreams.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案 语篇解读如今,篮球在全球很流行。在中国你能看到人们在公园、学校、工厂打篮球。1.popularitythe popularity of.的流行,popularit
