1、LessonFrom Power-up to From Power-up to Shut-down:Operating Shut-down:Operating SystemSystem81.What are the tasks of OS?2.How does a word processing program work?Warm-up Exercises Warm-up Exercises chunk 组块virtual memory 虚拟内存interface 接口permanently 永久地format 格式temporarily 临时地instruction 指令Words Prep
2、arationWords Preparationintertwine 交织URL(Uniform Resource Locator）统一资源定位器seamlessly 无缝地configuration file 配置文件boot up 启动Words PreparationWords PreparationOnce loaded,the operating systems tasks fall into six broad categories:Processor management-Breaking the tasks down into manageable chunks and pri
3、oritizing them before sending to the CPU.Memory management-Coordinating the flow of data in and out of RAM and determining when virtual memory is necessary.Device management-Providing an interface between each device connected to the computer,the CPU and applications.Text将任务分解为便于管理的块先排列优先级再发送到CPU St
4、orage management-Directing where data will be stored permanently on hard drives and other forms of storage.Application Interface-Providing a standard communications and data exchange between software programs and the computer.User Interface-Providing a way for you to communicate and interact with th
5、e computer.You open up a word processing program and type a letter,save it and then print it out.Several components work together to make this happen:Text提供通信与数据交换功能 The keyboard and mouse send your input to the operating system.The operating system determines that the word-processing program is the
6、 active program and accepts your input as data for that program.The word-processing program determines the format that the data is in and,via the operating system,stores it temporarily in RAM.Each instruction from the word-processing program is sent by the operating system to the CPU.These instructi
7、ons are intertwined with instructions from other programs that the operating system is overseeing before being sent to the CPU.Text这些指令与其他指令交织 All this time,the operating system is steadily providing display information to the graphics card,directing what will be displayed on the monitor.When you ch
8、oose to save the letter,the word-processing program sends a request to the operating system,which then provides a standard window for selecting where you wish to save the information and what you want to call it.Once you have chosen the name and file path,the operating system directs the data from R
9、AM to the appropriate storage device.Text选择文件名称与路径You click on Print.The word-processing program sends a request to the operating system,which translates the data into a format the printer understands and directs the data from RAM to the appropriate port for the printer you requested.You open up a W
10、eb browser and check out a URL.Once again,the operating system coordinates all of the action.This time,though,the computer receives input from another source,the Internet,as well as from you.The operating system seamlessly integrates all incoming and outgoing information.Text成所有向内与向外信息You close the
11、Web browser and choose the Shut Down option.The operating system closes all programs that are currently active.If a program has unsaved information,you are given an opportunity to save it before closing the program.The operating system writes its current settings to a special configuration file so t
12、hat it will boot up next time with the same settings.If the computer provides software control of power,then the operating system will completely turn off the computer when it finishes its own shut-down cycle.Otherwise,you will have to manually turn the power off.Text特殊配置文件手工切断电源Numbers,characters,i
13、mages,or other method of recording,in a form which can be assessed by a human or(especially)input into a computer,stored and processed there,or transmitted on some digital channel.Computers nearly always represent data in binary.Data on its own has no meaning,only when interpreted by some kind of da
14、ta processing system does it take on meaning and become information.People or computers can find patterns in data to perceive information,and information can be used to enhance knowledge.Since knowledge is prerequisite to wisdom,we always want more data and information.But,as modern societies verge
15、on information overload,we especially need better ways to find patterns.1234567.89 is data.Your bank balance has jumped 8087%to$1234567.89 is information.Nobody owes me that much money is knowledge.Id better talk to the bank before I spend it,because of what has happened to other people is wisdom.Ke
16、y TermsDataQuestionsp What are the six tasks of OS?p How does a word processing program work?p How does a computer save and print a letter?p What does URL mean?p How to shut down a computer?ExerciseTranslate the following sentences into Chinesep Once loaded,the OSs tasks fall into six broad categori
17、es.p Several components work together to make the word processing happen.p You open up a Web browser and Check out a URL.p If a program has unsaved information,you are required to save it before closing the program.p The OS will completely turn off the computer when it finishes its own shut-down cycle.ExerciseSimple writingp Please describe the 6 tasks of OS.Exercise THANK YOU！
