1、Unit 4 LESSON 3 Vocabulary and language points1.harm v./n.-harmful/harmless adj.2.argue v.-argument n.-arguing-argued3.re+place=replace v.-replacement n.4.hug v./n.-hugged/hugging5.concentrate v.-concentration n.-concentrated adj.6.concern n./v.-concerned adj-concerning adj.令人担忧的；prep.关于7.reward v.-
2、rewarding adj.8.addition n.-additional adj.-additionally adv.1.base n./v.-basis n.2.per（每）+cent（百）=percent3.focus v./n.-focused adj 专注的4.maintain v.-maintainable adj.可持续的5.smart+phone=smartphone6.limit v./n.-limiting adj.-limited adj.有限的7.create v.-creative adj.-creativity n.8.provoke v.激起，激发9.autho
3、r(作者）+ity=authority n./bess/1.harm vt.&n.伤害，损害伤害，损害【教材教材】The Internet Harms Friendships.互联网对友谊有害互联网对友谊有害【要点】【要点】do/cause harm to././be harmful to.对对有害有害do sb harmdo harm to sb伤害某人；对某人有害伤害某人；对某人有害There is no harm in doing sth做某事无做某事无害处害处重点单词讲解【辨析辨析】wound,injure,hurt与与harm单句语法填空单句语法填空/补全句子补全句子If we in
4、terfere,it will do _(much)harm than good.This medicine _ human beings.这种药对人类无害。这种药对人类无害。The polluted water and air _ people s health.污染了的水和空气对人的健康有害。污染了的水和空气对人的健康有害。moreis harmless toare harmful to句型转换句型转换It does no harm for you to get up early.There is _up early.no harm in your getting2.replace vt.
5、取代；接替取代；接替【教材教材】Firstly,talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug.首先，在网上聊天并不能代替面对面的交流首先，在网上聊天并不能代替面对面的交流图片当然无法代替现实图片当然无法代替现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。生活中的微笑或拥抱。【记牢记牢】(1)replace sth with/by sth用某物替换某物用某物替换某物(2)replacement n代替者代替者单句语法填空单句语法填空/补全句子补
6、全句子I ll replace my old house _ a new one when I get enough money.Smartphones have taken the place _ computers in our daily life.It is not a good idea to miss meals and _不吃饭，改吃零食不是一个好主意。不吃饭，改吃零食不是一个好主意。with/byofreplace them with snacks【写美写美】一句多译一句多译我们班长将代替班主任参加会议。我们班长将代替班主任参加会议。_ Our monitor will tak
7、e the place of our head teacher to attend the meeting.Our monitor will attend the meeting in place of our head teacher.Our monitor will take our head teacher s place to attend the meeting.Our monitor will attend the meeting in our head teacher s place.3.concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力专注，专心；集中注意力【教材教材】Acc
8、ording to a parenting expert,Denise Daniels,communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.根据根据育儿专家丹尼斯育儿专家丹尼斯丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流让孩子们更难集丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流让孩子们更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。中注意力或对他人表示善意。【要点】【要点】concentrate on(doing)sth聚精会神于聚精会神于(做做)某事某事 concentra
9、te one s attention/energy.on/upon(doing).集中集中某人的注意力某人的注意力/精力精力于于(做做)单句语法填空单句语法填空/补全句子补全句子We must concentrate our energies on _(treat)addiction first.We need to concentrate _ our core business.He made a _(concentrate)effort to finish the work on time.It was up to him to _ and make something of himsel
10、f.他他能否专心学习并有所成就取决于他自己。能否专心学习并有所成就取决于他自己。treatingonconcentratedconcentrate on his studies一句多译一句多译他将注意力全部集中在技术问题上。他将注意力全部集中在技术问题上。_He concentrated his attention on the question of technology.He fixed/focused his attention on the question of technology.4.content n.内容，目录；满足；容量内容，目录；满足；容量 adj.满意的满意的v.(使使
11、)满意；满意；(使使)满足满足【教材教材】In addition,a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.此外此外，很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。，很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。【记牢记牢】(1)be/feel content with.对对满足满足/满意满意 be content to do sth乐于做某事乐于做某事(2)content oneself with.满足于满足于Content is better than riches.知足者常乐。知足者常乐。【练透练透】单句语
12、法填空单句语法填空/补全句子补全句子My parents are content _(live)in the country,where the air is fresh and clean.The _(content)of the letter are still secret until today.Do you want anything else for your birthday?Nothing else.I m very content _ what you ve bought for me.Don t _ such a small success.不要不要满足于这样一个小小的成功
13、。满足于这样一个小小的成功。to livecontentswithbe content with一句多译一句多译那些满足于现状的人在生活中一定不会有大的作为。那些满足于现状的人在生活中一定不会有大的作为。Those who _ their present situations will surely make no difference in life.(content adj.)Those who _ their present situations will surely make no difference in life.(content v)【助记助记】Mr Green conten
14、ts himself with the content of his essay，but he isn t still content with the style of his writing.格林先生对他的文章内容感到满意，但对他的写作风格还不满意格林先生对他的文章内容感到满意，但对他的写作风格还不满意。are content withcontent themselves with5.focus on/upon 关注；集中于关注；集中于【教材教材】In my opinion,friends should focus more on face-to-face communication,an
15、d less on online communication.在我看来，朋友们应该多关注面对面的交流，少进行线上交流。在我看来，朋友们应该多关注面对面的交流，少进行线上交流。【要点要点】focus one s attention/mind on/upon.集中某人的注意力集中某人的注意力/心思于心思于表示表示“集中注意力于集中注意力于，致力于，致力于”的常用短语还有：的常用短语还有：be devoted tobe buried inbe bent on focus.on/upon.concentrate.on.be applied toYou d better focus your atten
16、tion on/upon your studies.你最好把注意力集中在学习上。你最好把注意力集中在学习上。单句语法填空单句语法填空/补全句子补全句子I am so tired that I can t focus _ anything today.She tried to _ her work.她她试图集中精神干活。试图集中精神干活。From then on,I began to _ in my study.从从那时起，我开始专注于我学习中的每一件小事。那时起，我开始专注于我学习中的每一件小事。onfocus her mind onfocus on every small thing1教材原
17、句教材原句 While the Internet can bring people closer together,it can also harm friendships.虽然互联网可以拉近人们的距离，但它也会伤害友谊。虽然互联网可以拉近人们的距离，但它也会伤害友谊。句式分析句式分析 while引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句佳句仿写佳句仿写 _，I do not have much time available.尽管尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。While I am willing to help重点句式2教材原句教材原句 According to a p
18、arenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.根据育儿专家丹尼斯根据育儿专家丹尼斯丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会让孩子们更丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会让孩子们更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。句式分析句式分析 it作形式宾语作形式宾语佳句仿写佳句仿写 He _ never to borrow money.他的规矩是从不向人借钱。他的
19、规矩是从不向人借钱。makes it a rule【要点要点】(1)本句使用了本句使用了“make宾语宾语补足语宾语宾语补足语”结构。结构。it是形式宾语，真正的宾是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语语是后面的不定式短语 to concentrate or show kindness to others。(2)在在“make宾语宾语补足语宾语宾语补足语”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、动词不定式形容词、过去分词、动词不定式(不带不带to)等来充当。等来充当。【佳句佳句】Smartphones make it easier and mor
20、e convenient to check reality,watch video clips,read weibo.智能智能手机让确认现实、观看视频剪辑、阅读微博变得更容易、更方便。手机让确认现实、观看视频剪辑、阅读微博变得更容易、更方便。【练透练透】单句语法填空单句语法填空They didn t know the native language,so they couldn t make themselves _(understand)People in the West make it a rule _(buy)Christmas presents for their relatives
21、 and friends.The news that the earthquake happened there made us _(amaze)The heavy rain made _ impossible for us to go out.understoodto buyamazedit3教材原句教材原句 As we know,important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people.众所周知，重要的社交技能是通过直接与他人接触培养的。众所周知，重要的社交技能是通过直接与他人接触培养的。句
22、式分析句式分析 as引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句佳句仿写佳句仿写 _Julia is leaving soon.你是知道的，朱莉娅马上要离开了。你是知道的，朱莉娅马上要离开了。As you know4教材原句教材原句 It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。句式分析句式分析 强调句强调句佳句仿写佳句仿写 _ am responsible for this project.是我负责这个项目。是我负责这个项目。It is
23、 I that5教材原句教材原句 Thirdly,online relationships may not be what they appear to be.第三，网络关系可能并不是它们看起来的样子。第三，网络关系可能并不是它们看起来的样子。句式分析句式分析 what引导表语从句引导表语从句佳句仿写佳句仿写 Here you are.This is _给你。这就是你一直要的东西。给你。这就是你一直要的东西。what you were asking for6教材原句教材原句 This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships.这是保持健
24、康关系的最佳方式。这是保持健康关系的最佳方式。句式分析句式分析 动词不定式作后置定语动词不定式作后置定语佳句仿写佳句仿写 He was the first guest _他是第一个到达的客人。他是第一个到达的客人。to arrive7.【教材教材】This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships.这是保持健康关系的最佳方式。这是保持健康关系的最佳方式。【记牢记牢】本句中不定式短语本句中不定式短语to maintain healthy relationships作后置定语，修饰作后置定语，修饰 the best way。动词不定式。动词
25、不定式(短语短语)作后置定语的情况：作后置定语的情况：(1)名词被序数词、形容词最高级或名词被序数词、形容词最高级或only,last,next等词修饰时；等词修饰时；(2)不定代词不定代词something,nothing,little,much,a lot 等后习惯上用动词不定式等后习惯上用动词不定式作定语。作定语。【佳句佳句】I don t think he is the best man to do the job.我认为他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。我认为他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。【练透练透】单句语法填空单句语法填空Tom is always the last one _(hand)
26、in his homework.China was one of the first countries in the world _(study)the science of farming.I dream of finding a friend that will be the first _(give)me a hand when I am in trouble.【写美写美】补全句子补全句子Miss Brown was the next person _布朗小姐是下一个起来发言的人布朗小姐是下一个起来发言的人。to handto studyto giveto rise to speak1
27、_(此外此外),it saves the village from river flooding during the rainy season.2We all too easily _(指出指出)his mistakes.3_(在我看来在我看来),you d take your father s advice.4We should often stay _(与与保持联络保持联络)our parents.5Nowadays,many teachers _ more _(关注关注)points in class.6_(在在的基础上的基础上)my experience,I can solve yo
28、ur problem.In additionpoint outIn my opinionin touch withfocusonOn the basis of基础知识自测一、重点短语一、重点短语二、词形转换二、词形转换1Online chatting is no _(replace)for face-to-face contact.2Traditional ways of communicating can be _(limit)and take time.3I thought anything abstract left too much room for _(argue)4Both the
29、 Winter and the Summer Olympics are held every four years on a regular _(base)5There are plenty of opportunities for the _(create)person to become involved,including workshops and events.replacementlimitingargumentbasiscreative6We were very _(concern)to keep the staff informed about what we were doi
30、ng.7Training should be fun and _(reward)for you and your dog.8Whenever he returns to this place,he is happy and _(content)concernedrewardingcontented三、固定搭配和句式三、固定搭配和句式1_(是是Smith教授教授)broke the record.2WeChat really _(让人们更方让人们更方便地便地)to communicate with each other,pay and so on.3Every summer vacation，m
31、y grandfather always travels everywhere _(而不是待在家里而不是待在家里)4_(尽管汤姆很擅长理科尽管汤姆很擅长理科),his brother is absolutely hopeless.5It s the best way to _(跟他们保持联系跟他们保持联系)It is Professor Smith that/whomakes it more convenient for peopleinstead of staying at homeWhile Toms very good at sciencekeep in touch with themh
32、arm vt.&n伤害伤害，损害，损害The Internet HarmsFriendships1While the Internet can bring people closer together,it can also harm friendships.1此处此处While引导让步状语从句，意为引导让步状语从句，意为“尽尽管管”。Firstly,2talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact images really cannot replacea real-life smile or hug.According t
33、o a parenting expert,Denise Daniels,communicating through a screen 3makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.4As we know,important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people.5It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friends
34、hips.face-to-face adj.面对面对面的；当面的面的；当面的replace vt.取代取代；接替；接替hug n&vt.拥抱拥抱；紧抱；紧抱concentrate vi.专注，专注，专心；集中注意力专心；集中注意力kindness n仁慈；仁慈；好意；友好的行为好意；友好的行为lifelong adj.终身的终身的2此处为动名词短语作主语。此处为动名词短语作主语。3本句中本句中it作形式宾语，代替作形式宾语，代替 to concentrate or show kindness to others。4此处此处as引导非限制性定语从句，意为引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像正如
35、，正像”。5本句为强调句，其结构为本句为强调句，其结构为“it is被强调部分被强调部分that.”。Secondly,the Internet can make people self-centred 6not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves.For example,instead of having proper conversations with their friends,some people are only concernedwith their online popularity How many“likes”did
36、 I get?How many followers do I have？7 though we know that the number of“likes”or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewardingfriendships.In addition，a lot of the contentposted on social media is shallowor trivial.Posts about funny cat images do not necessarilyhelp form meaningful relat
37、ionships.6本句中含有本句中含有not.but.意为意为“不是不是而是而是”。7本句中本句中though引导让步状语从句，意为引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管尽管”，其中含有，其中含有that引导引导的宾语从句。的宾语从句。concerned adj.关切的，关心的关切的，关心的be concerned with关心关心popularity n普及，流行普及，流行compare to 与与相比相比rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的有益的；有意义的addition n增添；添加增添；添加in addition除此之外除此之外content n内容内容shallow adj.肤浅的，
38、浅薄的肤浅的，浅薄的trivial adj.没有什么价值的；微不足道的没有什么价值的；微不足道的necessarily adv.必要地；必定地，必然地必要地；必定地，必然地meaningful adj.有意义的；意味深长的有意义的；意味深长的 Thirdly,online relationships may not be 8what they appear to be.Friendships are built on the basis of trust,and with online communication you can never be 100 percentsure 9 that
39、the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are.Because ofthis,going online can be particularly dangerous for people 10 who are easily influenced or too trusting.8本句中本句中what引导表语从句，且在从句中作表语。引导表语从句，且在从句中作表语。9本句中本句中that引导宾语从句，其中引导宾语从句，其中you are chatting to为省略关系代词为省略关系代词whom的定语从句，修饰先行
40、词的定语从句，修饰先行词people。10本句中本句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。basis n基础基础；基点；基点percent n百分比百分比；百分数；百分数because of 因为因为；由于；由于 1111此处动词不定式短语作定语，此处动词不定式短语作定语，修饰名词修饰名词way。12此处为此处为“no matter疑问词疑问词”引导让引导让步状语从句，意为步状语从句，意为“无论无论”。13此处为现在分词短语作状语。此处为现在分词短语作状语。14此处为此处为when引导的时间状语从句。引导的时间状语从句。15本句为本句为there be句型，其中
41、句型，其中you can use to be creative为省略关系代词为省略关系代词that的定语的定语从句，修饰先行词从句，修饰先行词tools。16此处此处Whenever引导让步状语从句，意为引导让步状语从句，意为“无论何时无论何时”。17此处此处as引导原因状语从句，意为引导原因状语从句，意为“因因为为”。Finally,I believe 18the Internet brings people closer together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting.18此处为省略
42、从属连词此处为省略从属连词that的宾语从句，其中含有的宾语从句，其中含有“make宾语宾语补足语宾语宾语补足语”结构，意为结构，意为“让与朋友的交流更加方便有趣让与朋友的交流更加方便有趣”。.课文语法填空课文语法填空阅读课文内容，阅读课文内容，在空白处填入在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships？Some people believe that the Internet is 1_(harm)to friendships.Communicati
43、ng through a screen 2_(make)it more difficult for children to concentrate or show 3_(kind)to others.It isn t a replacement for face-to-face contact.Besides,the Internet can also make people self-centred,because they can become obsessed with popularity and 4_(gain)“followers”Finally,people need to be
44、 careful 5_ various online relationships,for they can never be 100 percent sure that the people they are chatting to is being honest about 6_ they are.harmfulmakeskindnessgainingwithwhoHowever,others believe that the Internet can help develop friendships in many 7_(way)Firstly,the Internet makes com
45、munication much more convenient.People can keep in touch with friends wherever they are or whatever they are doing.Secondly,the Internet has made communication more fun.People can share photos,videos,news stories and websites with 8_(they)friends online.Thirdly,online communication can 9_(actual)bring people closer to each other.Whenever someone needs help,friends from all over 10_ world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information.waystheiractuallythe
