1、Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and ThinkingReading and Thinking1Discuss what would happen to a city during a big earthquake.A city would be damaged;Thousands of buildings were falling apart.People would panic and get severely injured;.2Look at the title and photo below and guess what the text is a
2、bout.The text is about earthquakepersonification(拟人拟人)1.Whats the main idea of the passage?The passage mainly talks about a/an_(what)that happened in _(where)in _(when).earthquakeTangshan19763.In what order is the text written?A.Time B.Space C.Feeling2.Whats the type of this text?A.a news report B.a
3、 literary journal（报告文学报告文学）C.a novel报告文学是散文的一种，介于新闻报道和小说之间，兼有新闻和文学的特点的散文。报告文学是运用文学艺术，真实、及时地反映社会生活事件和人物活动的一种文学体裁。While reading-Task 1 Skimming for main idea.Task 2 Scanning for general ideas of each paragraph.The first and last sentences of each paragragh usually give us the main idea.Para.1Para.2Par
4、a.3Para.4Para.5The earthquake happened and caused death injuries in Tangshan.Help came soon after the quakes.The earthquake caused unbelievable damage to Tangshan.Tangshan came back to life again.Warning signs before the earthquake.How many parts can this passage be divided into?Why?Part 1Part 2Part
5、 3Para.StructurePara.Para.the earthquakeTask 3 Think and use one word to summarize each part.BeforeDuringAfterSignsDamageRescueRevival12-34-5 the earthquake the earthquaketime order Find the topic sentence of each paragraph.Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.For s
6、everal days,the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looki
7、ng for places to hide,and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3:00 a.m.,on 28 July1976,bright lights were seen in the sky outside of the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the citys one million people were asleep as usual that night.At 3:42 a.m.,everything began to shake.It seemed as
8、if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!A huge crack,eight kilometres long and 3
9、0 metres wide,cut across houses,roads and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly i
10、njured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the citys factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn lea
11、ves,but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway trackes were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows,hundreds of thousands of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock-and t
12、hen,later that afternoon,another bit quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.para.1:Warning signs before the earthquakespara.2:The _ of the big earthquakepara.3:The immediate _ of the
13、 earthquake.happeningeffects But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destro
14、yed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people
15、,a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people,with great improvements in transportation,industry,and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster,people must unify and show the
16、 wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.para.4:The _ work.para.5:The _ of the city.rescuerevival Part 1:the signs before the earthquake Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.For several days,the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fel
17、l.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide,and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3:00
18、a.m.,on 28 July1976,bright lights were seen in the sky outside of the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the citys one million people were asleep as usual that night.While reading:Read for detailsWhat were the strange things that were happening before the earthquake?water well walls.Chi
19、ckens and even pigsdogsMicefishbright lights loud noiseswarningunawareunpreparedasleepHow did people feel?3:42 am The quake even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it.A huge crack was 8 kilometres long and thirty metres wide Two thirds of
20、 the people in Tangshan died or were injured.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.3:43 amWhat happen in less than one minute?Part 2:The damage during the earthquake At 3:42 am,everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilome
21、tres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!A huge crack,eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide,cut across houses,roads and waterw
22、ays.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everyw
23、here survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the citys factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.Most bridge
24、s had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway trackes were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows,hundreds of thousands of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock-and then,later that afternoon,another bit quake shook
25、 Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.Why did the writer use so many numbers in the text?1.to show the earthquake was very _and it _to people and the city.2.to make the article more _ and _.se
26、riouscaused huge damageconvincingshockingPart 2:The damage during the earthquake At 3:42 a.m.,everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused
27、damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!A huge crack,eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide,cut across houses,roads and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people
28、 who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the c
29、itys factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes,and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway trackes were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows,h
30、undreds of thousands of pigs,and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock-and then,later that afternoon,another bit quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how lo
31、ng the disaster would last.While reading:Read for detailsHow did people feel?in shockin panicin despairPart 3:The rescue and the revival after the earthquake.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
32、More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started
33、to revive itself and get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people,a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people,with great improvements in transportation,industry,and
34、 environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster,people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.hopefulpositivespiritedcome back to life or recover While reading:Read for detailsWho came to the rescue?What di
35、d they do?How did people feel?signs damage rescue&revival|before during after Finish your mind map.Retell the story according to the mind map the change ofpeoples feelingsunawareshockedhopelesshopeful While reading:Read for writing style and language features1.Explore the figure of speech（修辞格（修辞格)in
36、 the following sentences.personification(拟人拟人)repetition(反复反复)simile(明喻)personification(拟人拟人)metaphor(暗喻暗喻)Function:to make the description _.more vivid and expressive(1)The earth shook so violently that no one could sleep all night;(2)The earth was badly damaged by the quake;(3)The earthquake magni
37、tude was very high,and this meant millions of death and an incalculable amount of damage to property;.The Tangshan city began to get help and there was hope to recover.A man can be destroyed but not defeated.一个人可以被毁灭，但绝不会被打败。一个人可以被毁灭，但绝不会被打败。Disasters have no mercy,but humans do.天灾无情，人有情。天灾无情，人有情。If
38、 everyone gives a hand,the world would be full of love.What can we learn from Tangshans revival?Hopeless ruins Flourishing city What would you do if a big earthquake hit your city?Post readingDont panic or run in a hurry.Calm down and Hide in a corner of the house.Turn off the gas.Keep away from the
39、 power lines,signs and buildings.Use something hard to protect your head.Never try to use the lift.be+done/adj.can make description more objective.Careful reading1.shock /k/n.震惊；惊愕 in shock 处于极度震惊的状态The news of my promotion is a shock to me.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。v.使震惊；使惊愕 shock sb to do sthI was shocked to
40、hear that he had injured.听到他受伤的消息，我深感震惊。shocking adj.令人气愤的；惹人憎恶的 shocking behavior/news 骇人听闻的行为/令人震惊的消息2.breathe /bri/v.呼吸 breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 breathe(easily/freely)again 平静下来；松一口气 The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe.空气非常寒冷，以至于我们难以呼吸。breath /bre/n.呼吸的空气 take a deep breath 深吸一口气 out of
41、breath 喘不上气 hold your breath 屏气3.great/joint effort 极大的/共同的努力 努力做某事put effort into sth make an/every effort to do sth你应该更加努力地学习。You should put effort into study.You should make every effort to study.spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事不遗余力地做某事with(an)effort 努力地努力地without effort 毫不费力地毫不费力地 effort /eft/
42、n.努力；艰难的尝试我们将我们将竭尽全力帮助竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。(1)Well _you,but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(try)(2)Well _you,but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(effort)(3)Well _you,but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(eff
43、ort)effort /eft/n.努力；艰难的尝试try our best to help make every effort to help spare no effort to help 4.wisdom /wzdm/n.智慧；才智words of wisdom 至理名言wisdom of sth/of doing sth 某事/做某事是明智的I question the wisdom of giving so many dictations.我对听写这么多次是否明智怀有疑问。wise /waz/adj.充满智慧的；明智的a wise decision 明智的决定wisely adv.聪
44、明地5.ruin /run/v.毁坏；破坏 n.废墟；残垣断壁 n.废墟；残垣断壁 n.废墟；残垣断壁 n.废墟；残垣断壁n.废墟；残垣断壁 in ruins 毁坏；严重受损fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪成为废墟；破败不堪ruin ones hope/future/health 毁掉某人的希望毁掉某人的希望/将来将来/健康健康be/lie in ruins 成为废墟，毁灭成为废墟，毁灭Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.吸烟毁掉你的健康，所以你最好戒烟。吸烟毁掉你的健康，所以你最好戒烟。Heavy s
45、moking ruins your health，so youd better quit smoking.二战后，整个国家处于一片废墟中。二战后，整个国家处于一片废墟中。The country was/lay in ruins after World War.6.bury /beri/v.埋葬，埋藏 他们的雄心壮志最终被埋葬了。Their ambitions were finally buriedburied.狗把骨头埋在花园里。The dog burriedburried the bone in the garden.bury oneself in sth 专心致志于某事=be buried
46、 in 自从她离开后，他全心扑在工作上。Since she left,he buried himself in his work.he was buried in his work.the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.7.trap /trp/n.陷阱；圈套 v.使落入陷阱，险境set a trap 设下圈套 fall into a trap 落入圈套她给他设下圈套，他就落入圈套了。She had set a trap for him a
47、nd he had fallen into the trap.be trapped in.困在中；陷在中I am trapped inam trapped in my job.我被困在工作中了。trap sb.into doing sth.诱使某人做某事He trapped me into staying up latetrapped me into staying up late with him.他诱使我和他一起熬夜。8 suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(1)suffer from.患病；因而受苦suffer from heart disease 患心脏病su
48、ffer from cold and hunger 忍饥挨冻(2)suffer losses/pains 遭受损失/痛苦(3)suffering n.苦难，痛苦 sufferer n.受难者5Read the sentences describing what happened after a huge earthquake.Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the new words and phrases from the text.1.The huge earthquake left nearly the whole cit
49、y _.2.Everyone was _,thinking the world must be coming to an end.3.Millions of people were left without water,food,or _.in ruinsin shockelectricity54.Soldiers and volunteers worked as hard as they could to pull away _ and rocks,and rescue those who were _ under the ruins.5.Some were found alive,thou
50、gh they were suffering from terrible injures,but others had already stopped _ when they were discovered.6.A few buildings were still standing,but people were afraid to use them as shelters,worrying they would be _ if the buildings fell.bricksburiedbreathingtrappedThanks!It seemed as if the world wer
