1、l Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals,which mistake them for food.It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down,but much less time for paper.Because of this,people think paper bags are the better environmental choice.dang
2、er n（U）危险）危险;（C）危险的人或者物）危险的人或者物抽象名词具体化使用，类似的词有：抽象名词具体化使用，类似的词有：surprise,pleasure,honur,pity,success,failure,help,beauty,shock,concern,must,comfort等。等。dangerous adj 危险的危险的常用搭配：常用搭配：in danger 处于危险当中处于危险当中 out of danger 脱离危险脱离危险 a danger to 对对来说是个危险（人来说是个危险（人/物）物）endanger v使使濒临危险濒临危险 endangered adj濒临危险
3、的濒临危险的Coronavirus infectious pneumonia(njumni肺肺炎炎)which is dangerous is a danger to us and has put many people in danger.Fortunately,up to now,many patients have been out of danger.mistake for 错把错把当成当成break down 分解，分化分解，分化eg After many years,rocks break down into dirt.Food is broken down in the stom
4、ach.break down还意为：还意为：The plan was good,but it broke down,because people were unwilling to cooperate.We are sorry to arrive late,but the car broke down.Your health will break down if you work too hard.The young woman broke down in tears.(计划、谈判等）失败计划、谈判等）失败（机器、车辆等）坏了（机器、车辆等）坏了（身体）垮了（身体）垮了感情失控（痛哭起来）感情
5、失控（痛哭起来）“a large/considerable/.amount of+不可数名词不可数名词”作主作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；“amounts of+不可数名词不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。式。eg A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.Small amounts of land were used for keeping animals.However,making a paper bag uses four times as much
6、energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.The process also produces more greehouse gases.amount v.总计，共达，常与介词总计，共达，常与介词to搭配。搭配。eg His debts amount to more than 200,000 dollars.是是的四倍的四倍amount n.数量，数额数量，数额take my suggestions into account倍数的表达方式 倍数倍数+as+adj.原级原级+as 倍数倍数+比较
7、级比较级+than 倍数倍数+the+名词名词(width/depth/height/length/size/amount)+ofeg.The population of China is four times as large as that of America.The population of this country is four times larger than that of America.The population of this country is four times the amount of that of America.观察下列比较级的用法观察下列比较级的
8、用法1.条河是那条河的两倍长。条河是那条河的两倍长。(用比较级）用比较级）This river is _that one.2.这条街是那条街的四倍长。这条街是那条街的四倍长。(用名词）用名词）This street is_that one.3.亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。(用原级）用原级）Asia is four times _Europe.twice longer than as large as four times the length of In fact,both kinds of bags are bad for the environment.So,take
9、a reusable bag with you when you go shopping.对对.有害有害 be bad for/be harmful to.do harm to.a reusable bag 可重复使用的袋子可重复使用的袋子remove 移走，移走，拿开，开除，免职拿开，开除，免职remove.from.从从.中拔掉中拔掉/移除移除remove sb.from office 把某人撤职把某人撤职sb.be removed from school 某人被学校开除某人被学校开除l When you turn off a device,it stops using power.Whe
10、n we turn off a device,such as television,it goes into stand-by mode.Devices in this mode still use power,and older devices in stand-by mode can use even more.This happens because electricity continues to leak from the device,even when it is turned“off”.To make sure your appliance is in fact off,rem
11、ove the plug from its power supply.电源电源l Eating local food is good for the environment.It seems like common sense:eating local food should be better for the environment,because it does not need to be tansported long distaces and kept cold during transport.Unfortunately,it is not that mon sense 常识常识
12、be good/better for 对对.好好/更好更好 do good to.对对.好好 that simple=so simple 如此简单如此简单 It is the production of food,not its transport,that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.强调句：强调句：It is/was+被强调成分被强调成分+that/who(对人强调对人强调时时that 和和who 都可以都可以)+剩余的成分剩余的成分注意：注意：1.此结构可对句子的此结构可对句子的主语主
13、语，宾语宾语和和状语状语(包括主语包括主语/宾语宾语/状语从句状语从句)进行强调（对谓语动词的强调需要用进行强调（对谓语动词的强调需要用do/does/did+动词原形）。动词原形）。2.去掉强调结构后，句子依然完整。去掉强调结构后，句子依然完整。3.对对not until 结构的强调结构的强调,要把要把not 一起强调。一起强调。翻译下列句子(用强调)1.是你说的话让我生气。2.我想要买的是一本关于空气污染的书。3.直到你长大的时候，你才会意识到学习的重要性。4.他的确是在武汉待过几天。It was what you said that made me angry.It is a book
14、about air pollution that I want to buy.It is not until you grow up that you will realize the importance of study.He did stay in Wuhan for a few days.2)produce v.生产；创作；生长生产；创作；生长eg Their factory produces 500 bikes a day.He has produced a lot of songs in the past ten years.The tree produces much fruit
15、 each year.1)take into account/consideration 把把考考虑进去虑进去eg.She seemed not to take the rising oil prices into account when buying a car.In some cases,local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way awayeven taking into account its transport.pr
16、oduce u.n.农产品农产品(不可数名词）不可数名词）eg They provide us with fresh produce every day.produce,product与与productionproduce u.n.农产品农产品product c.n.产品，制品产品，制品production u.n.生产行为，产量生产行为，产量【语境运用语境运用】用用produce,product,production的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1)We must _ more food for ourselves and import less.2)Farmers brought the
17、ir _ to town early each Saturday morning.3)The river has been polluted by waste _ from the factory.4)We will encourage the _ of excellent cultural works.produceproduce productsproduction情态动词情态动词+have+done是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下：总结归纳如下：must+have+done 一定做过某事，该结构只用于肯定句。一定做过某事，该结构只用
18、于肯定句。could+have+done 本来能够做某事而没有做。本来能够做某事而没有做。couldnt/cant+have+done 不可能做过某事。不可能做过某事。may+have+done 可能已经做过可能已经做过.，用于肯定句中。，用于肯定句中。might+have+done 可能已经做过可能已经做过,但可能性更小但可能性更小.should+have+done 意思是意思是“本来应该做某事本来应该做某事,实际没做。实际没做。shouldnt+have+done 本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。neednt+have+done 本来不需要做某事而做了本来不需要
19、做某事而做了”该结构该结构只用于否定。只用于否定。当堂练习当堂练习1.He_the exam,but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。2.It_,for the ground is wet.昨昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。3.Mr.Smith _,for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。刚才还在图书馆见过他。4.Tom,you are too lazy.The work
20、_yesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。就做完的。5.I _so much wineonly five people came.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。五个人。当堂练习当堂练习1.He could have passed the exam,but he wastoo careless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。2.It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为
21、地面还是湿的。昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。3.Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing,for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。4.Tom,you are too lazy.The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。5.I neednt have bought so much wine
22、only fivepeople came.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。l Its better to take a shower than a bath.It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower,youll use as much water as in a bath-about 50 litres of water.Therefore,th
23、e key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.depends on 依靠依靠 depend on/rely on sb.to do 依靠某人做某事依靠某人做某事independent adj.独立的独立的 be independent of sb./sth.独立于某人独立于某人/某事某事 Your questions should be independent of each other你的问题应该彼此无关。你的问题应该彼此无关。Environmental awareness is now part of daily life.B
24、ut Its worth checking common ideas and opinions to see whats really green.Environmental awareness 环保意识环保意识raise awareness 提高意识提高意识 aware adj.意识到的，有意识到的，有.意识的意识的be aware of.意识到意识到Its worth doing.做做.是值得的是值得的It is worth learning english.It is worth it.这事很值。这事很值。sth.is worth doing.值得做值得做 熟记下列短语熟记下列短语1.环
25、保的环保的 environmental friendly 2.节约能源节约能源 save energy3.看情况而定看情况而定 It depends.4.照顾照顾 take care of 5.采取措施采取措施 take steps 6.大多数大多数.the majority of.7.把把.误认为误认为.mistake.for.8.分解分解 break down 9.对对.有坏处有坏处 be bad for 10.确保确保 make sure11.实际上实际上 in fact 12.从从.拔掉拔掉/移除移除 remove.from.13.常识常识 common sense14.在一些情况下在
26、一些情况下 in some cases 15.把把.考虑进去考虑进去 take.into account 16.环保意识环保意识 environmental awareness17.做做.是值得的是值得的 its worth doing 熟记下列短语熟记下列短语1.环保的环保的2.节约能源节约能源3.看情况而定看情况而定4.照顾照顾5.采取措施采取措施 6.大多数大多数.7.把把.误认为误认为.8.分解分解9.对对.有坏处有坏处10.确保确保11.实际上实际上12.从从.拔掉插头拔掉插头13.常识常识14.在一些情况下在一些情况下15.把把.考虑进去考虑进去16.环保意识环保意识17.做做.是
27、值得的是值得的 翻译下列翻译下列句子句子1.1.每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。2.2.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。3.3.尽管那次大地震对这座城市造成了巨大的破坏，但它尽管那次大地震对这座城市造成了巨大的破坏，但它很快就从废墟中重建了起来。很快就从废墟中重建了起来。4.4.既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。5.5.作为运动员，你应该跑的尽可能快作为运动员，你应该跑的尽可能快。完成句子完成句子1每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。It takes her two hours
28、 to clean the house every weekend.2这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。This tree is three times as tall as/three time taller than/three times the height of that one.3尽尽管那次大地震对这座城市造成了巨大的损坏，但它很快就管那次大地震对这座城市造成了巨大的损坏，但它很快就从废墟中重建了起来。从废墟中重建了起来。Although that big earthquake did great damage to this city,it was soon reb
29、uilt from the ruins.4既然你长大了既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。就不应该依靠你的父母了。Now that you are grownup,you should not depend on your parents5作为运动员，你应该跑的尽可能快作为运动员，你应该跑的尽可能快。As a player,you should run as fast as possible.P71Dear Friends，We are writing this letter to call on everyone to take part in the Clear Your campaig
30、n.It urges people to save food by notwasting anything on the dinning table.You may not know over 30%of the worlds food is wasted,while many people in poor areas do not have enough to eat.In order to save food,we propose:call on sb.to do.号召某人做某事号召某人做某事urge sb.to do.要求某人做某事要求某人做某事urge that sb.should d
31、o.(虚拟语气）虚拟语气）by(not)doing.通过做（不做）通过做（不做）.（方式状语）（方式状语）propose v.倡议，建议倡议，建议1.Do not order more than you need in the school canteen.2.Order less and take leftover food home when dining in restaurants.3.Call on family members and friends to take part in the campaign.Reducing daily food waste by just 5%c
32、ould save millions of people from starvation.Lets start doing what we can to make the world a greener,ckleaner place.order n.命令命令;条理条理;秩序秩序;订购订购;点菜点菜obey ones order 服从服从.的命令的命令in order/out of order 秩序井然秩序井然/秩序混混乱秩序混混乱 place an order for.订购订购.May I have your order?您要点菜吗？您要点菜吗？v.命令命令;指挥指挥;要求要求;订购订购;订货订货;要求提供服务要求提供服务;点点(酒菜等酒菜等);order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事He ordered that the worker(should)start their work.虚拟语气虚拟语气I ordered a cup of coffee.我点了杯咖啡。我点了杯咖啡。
