1、1.A.J.Bard,L.R.Faulkner著，邵元华等译，电化学方法原理和应用，2005年，化学工业出版社2.李荻 主编 电化学原理（1999年）北京航天航空大学出版设社1.绪论（电化学科学概述）2.电化学界面的电荷迁移过程3.电化学界面的稳态传质过程4.电化学界面的暂态传质过程5.复杂电极反应动力学6.电化学界面的基本性质7.电化学催化8.复习总结9.考试1.What does electrochemistry deal with?2.The features of electrochemical processes and reactions;3.The philosophy and
2、strategies in electrochemical studies4.A historical view of electrochemical sciencenThe laws(principles)and the technologies concerning the conversion between chemical energy and electrical energynInterrelation between chemical phenomena(chemical reactions,chemical changes,etc.)and electric phenomen
3、a(charge,current,potential,electric field,etc.)nThe phenomena,processes and reactions occurring at interface between an electronic conductor(electrode)and an ionic conductor(electrolyte).lElectronic conductors（Metals、Semiconductors);lIonic conductors(electrolyte solutions,solid electrolyte,ionic liq
4、uid,melted salts);ionic conductor+-electronicconductorelectronicconductorVAInterfaceInterfaceElectrodeElectrodeHow does the current flow at the interface between types of conductors?Ionic conductors alone can not constitute a closed circuit to conduct current.H2+O2 H2O+H(Q)H2 2H+2e-4e-+O2+4H+2H2OH2+
5、O2 H2O+G(W)e-H+Chemical energy HeatChemical energy WorkElectrons act as reactant or productFe2O3+C+H(Q)Fe+CO2C+2O2-CO2+4e-Fe2O3+6e-2Fe+3O2-e-Fe2O3+C+G(W)Fe+CO2Heat Chemical energy Work Chemical energy Electrode electrolyteHow to control the reaction direction and rate?A schematic view of electrode r
6、eaction at solid/solution interfacesPotential shifts negativelyOz+e Rz-1The electrode potential control the Feimi level of electrode,which determine the direction and the rate of charge transferLUMOHOMO -Rz-1Oz -Rz-1OzErEFEFEreEquilibriumLUMOHOMOlTo serve as electron reservoir(sources,sink)lTo provi
7、de and modulate the driving force of reaction(potential)lTo collect and conduct the reaction currentlCatalystRz-1OzEreLUMOHOMOEi Electrochemical reactions What?-The reaction stoichiometry Why?-The reaction thermodynamics How?-The reaction mechanism and kinetics(rates)()/()/(:DensityCurrent 22Seconds
8、dtcmCoulombsdQcmAmperesjdtdNcmondmolv)sec/(:rateReaction 2nFQN nFiv O+ne-R WorkingelectrodePotentialcontrol ormonitorCurrentcontrol ormonitorAuxiliaryelectrodeReferenceelectrodeSchematic three-electrode cell used in electrochemical studiesPt CH+=1mol.l-1 H2H2H2 2H+2e-Metal wireKCl solutionHg2Cl2 HgP
9、t wireHg2Cl2+2e-2Hg+2Cl-Possible processes involved in an electrode reactionOadORadRO*R*neObRb Mass transport Mass transportPreceding Chemical reactionsFollowing Chemical reactions ElectrodeCharge transferAdsorptionDesorptionMass transport play a key role in electrochemical processesReaction layerMa
10、ss transport layerInterface?transportmass of rate-reaction electrode of rate-000mkmkmkFor a reaction consisting of a series of sequential steps or processes,all steps will proceed with the same rate which the lowest step can reach.The kinetics of the overall reaction is determined by the kinetics of
11、 rds and the thermodynamics of the other steps.ti0rR everse tim eti0fCcompactCdiffuseiRsolutionEdsCRtseREit=RsCdi=0.37 i0sREi 01.Potential stepttdsRCCqiREEEdtdqi i)(dsCtRiEsiRE 02.Current stepttEvCd1.Potential sweeptEScan rate:viCharge formation&transferElectrochemical reactionsEnergy conversionformation&transformationof mattersElectroche-mistryAs technologiesElectroche-mistry历史悠久应用广泛生命力强带电粒子多相体系复杂系统离子导体、电化学势相间转移、双电层、界面电势差、特殊的异相氧化-还原反应多学科交叉
