1、HENRY JAMES(1843-1916)o1.HIS LIFE -in 1843 was born in New York City,the second child of wealthy,somewhat aristocratic parents.-He received the major part of education at home and experience from traveling in Europe and attended Harvard Law School.o-after1866 he lived in Europe much of the time.o-18
2、75 he made it his permanent home.He lived in Paris for a year,where he met Turgenev,Zola,and Flaubert.-1915,a year before his death,to show his support of England in World War1,James became a Britain citizen.One Of His Most Famous WorkoThe Portrait Of A Lady o贵妇画像贵妇画像Whats the theme of“The Portrait
3、of A Lady(贵妇画像)”？Want to answer this question?Follow 3 steps,then the answer will occur to you.The First Step？ContentTipDont know it?You can turn to page76 to find whats this portrait is all about.To understand it more you can read the content in Chineseo女主角女主角伊莎贝尔伊莎贝尔.阿切尔阿切尔(Isabel Archer)小姐小姐充满幻想。
4、为了得到自由而高雅的生活，她先后充满幻想。为了得到自由而高雅的生活，她先后拒绝了美国青年企业家拒绝了美国青年企业家卡斯佩卡斯佩.古德伍德古德伍德(Casper Goodwood)、英国贵族、英国贵族沃伯顿沃伯顿(Warburton)勋爵等人的求婚。她的表哥拉尔夫也深爱着她，勋爵等人的求婚。她的表哥拉尔夫也深爱着她，并在去世前说服父亲，把一笔遗产留给她，使她并在去世前说服父亲，把一笔遗产留给她，使她有经济条件去追寻自己的幸福。然而这笔钱使伊有经济条件去追寻自己的幸福。然而这笔钱使伊莎贝尔更快地成为老谋深算地欧洲男人的猎物。莎贝尔更快地成为老谋深算地欧洲男人的猎物。吉尔伯特吉尔伯特.奥斯蒙的奥斯蒙
5、的(Gilbert Osmond)看上去看上去过得自由而优雅，对她有很强的吸引力。奥斯蒙过得自由而优雅，对她有很强的吸引力。奥斯蒙德的秘密情人德的秘密情人梅尔夫人梅尔夫人(Madame Merle)则一则一手策划，让伊莎贝尔嫁给他。天真无邪的美国姑手策划，让伊莎贝尔嫁给他。天真无邪的美国姑娘成了老练世故的欧洲人的牺牲品。然而固执的娘成了老练世故的欧洲人的牺牲品。然而固执的伊莎贝尔即使在得知他们阴谋的情况下，还是毅伊莎贝尔即使在得知他们阴谋的情况下，还是毅然拒绝古德伍德德爱情，回到奥斯蒙德身边。优然拒绝古德伍德德爱情，回到奥斯蒙德身边。优美和天真都不能掩盖世俗德人际关系，以及起决美和天真都不能掩
6、盖世俗德人际关系，以及起决定作用的经济关系。定作用的经济关系。The Second Step?Jamess literary view*Jamess view of literatureoAs a realist,he holds that art must be related to life,the aim of the novel is to represent life.He advocates an immense increase of freedom in the novel-writing and argues for inclusion of the disagreeable
7、,the ugly and the commonplace.So he was one of the three staunch advocates of 19th American realism.The Third Step?Brainstorm&DiscussSuggestionoThink about his living background and his literary view.*Universal ThemeoThe meeting of America and Europe,American innocence in contact with European decad
8、ence,and its moral and psychological complications.For the American it was a process of progression from inexperience to experience,from innocence to knowledge and maturity.Writing Techniquen淑女画像淑女画像是詹姆斯较早的一个长篇，文笔流畅是詹姆斯较早的一个长篇，文笔流畅优美，经受过詹姆斯冗长文体考验的读者，可能会优美，经受过詹姆斯冗长文体考验的读者，可能会对这部小说加倍地喜爱。该小说受到印象主义绘画对这部
9、小说加倍地喜爱。该小说受到印象主义绘画的影响，描写新旧大陆的风物，充满了诗情画意，的影响，描写新旧大陆的风物，充满了诗情画意，可谓可谓“诗中有画，画中有诗诗中有画，画中有诗”。批评家理查。批评家理查.蔡斯认蔡斯认为，在美国文学史上，这是第一部充分运用了长篇为，在美国文学史上，这是第一部充分运用了长篇小说形式的力作。詹姆斯以霍桑等罗曼司作者的方小说形式的力作。詹姆斯以霍桑等罗曼司作者的方法写小说，所以是法写小说，所以是“诗人小说家诗人小说家”。“詹姆斯以这詹姆斯以这样的方式把罗曼司的成分引入长篇小说，因此他既样的方式把罗曼司的成分引入长篇小说，因此他既能分享女主角的浪漫视角，又可以凭借客观的视角
10、能分享女主角的浪漫视角，又可以凭借客观的视角脱身脱身”。小说充满了优美的隐喻。小说充满了优美的隐喻。Well doneYour reward3.Major WorksoThe Ambassadors(1903;Library of America)一部反映美裔歐洲人風俗習慣的喜劇故事。.oHeroic Isolation:Rowland Mallet,Lambert Strether The American (1877;Library of America)“The American”was written in Paris dramatizes a confrontation betwee
11、n the expatriate culture of American tourists and the protected world behind the barriers of old families and traditions.The Europeans (1878;Library of America)The Europeans:A sketch is a short novel by Henry James,published in 1878.It is essentially a comedy contrasting the behaviors and attitudes
12、of two visitors from Europe with those of their relatives living in the new world of New England.The novel first appeared as a serial in The Atlantic Monthly for July-October,1878.James made numerous minor revisions for the first book publication.The Portrait of a Lady (1881;Library of America)The P
13、ortrait of a Lady is a novel by Henry James,first published as a serial in The Atlantic Monthly and Macmillans Magazine in 1880-1881 and then as a book in 1881.It is the story of a spirited young American woman,Isabel Archer,who affronts her destiny and finds it overwhelming.She inherits a large amo
14、unt of money and subsequently becomes the victim of Machiavellian scheming by two American expatriates.Like many of James novels,it is set mostly in Europe,notably England and Italy.Generally regarded as the masterpiece of his early phase of writing,this novel reflects Jamess absorbing interest in t
15、he differences between the New World and the Old.It also treats in a profound way the themes of personal freedom,responsibility,betrayal,and sexuality.Washington Square (1880;Library of America)Washington Square Park(404351N,735951W Coordinates:404351N,735951W)is one of the best-known of New York Ci
16、tys 1,700 public parks.At 9.75 acres(39,000 m),it is a major landmark in the Manhattan neighborhood of Greenwich Village,as well as a popular meeting place and center for cultural activity.It is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.On December 22,1999,a great many revisio
17、ns were made in this e-text to bring it into conformity with the English edition(Macmillan,1881),for which James made his final revisions.Other Works:oConfidence(1879;Library of America)oDaisy Miller(1879;Library of America)oAn International Episode(1878;Library of America)oRoderick Hudson(1875;Libr
18、ary of America)oThe Turn of the Screw(1898;Library of America)4.Characters AnalysisoMaster List of CharactersMr.Daniel TouchettA wealthy American banker who now resides in England.oRalph TouchettMr.Touchetts ailing son.oLord WarburtonA wealthy English aristocrat and close friend of Ralph Touchett.oM
19、rs.Lydia TouchettMr.Touchetts wife and Ralphs mother.She has arrived from America with her niece,Isabel Archer.oIsabel ArcherA young American woman who is visiting England for the first time.She is Mr.and Mrs.Touchetts niece,and Ralphs cousin.oLilian LudlowIsabels sister who lives with her husbandIs
20、abel Archer(No.1)oISABEL ARCHER was a young person of many theories;her imagination was remarkably active.It had been her fortune to possess a finer mind than most of the persons among whom her lot was cast;to have a larger perception of surrounding facts,and to care for knowledge that was tinged wi
21、th the unfamiliar.It is true that among her contemporaries she passed for a young woman of extraordinary profundity;for these excellent people never withheld their admiration from a reach of intellect of which they themselves were not conscious,and spoke of Isabel as a prodigy of learning,a young la
22、dy reputed to have read the classic authorsin translations.Isabel ArcherIsabel Archer,one of Jamess most fully drawn characters,has postponed a marriage in America for a year of travel abroad,only to discover upon her precipitate and ill-considered marriage to an American living in Florence,that it
23、is her need to be independent that makes her marriage a disaster.Isabel ArcheroHenry James was realistic about women at the end of the 19th century,particularly those standing between the US and Great Britain.Isabel is such a woman.She gets into the world without any parents but with a tremendously
24、good uncle and cousin.She is surrounded with men who love her and want to marry her out of love.She refuses them,three of them,to be able to see the world.And she falls in the hands of a social climber.She is of course deeply unhappy,alone,brutalized too.But she is so pent up in her stubborn decisio
25、n that she can never step back and consider a real escape.Yet,maybe,at the end,there is a wavering touch of hope-for her.DiscussionoIs it incredible how this woman,who wants to be strong-headed and independent,fails to see the men who love her and to recognize the man who uses her?oWarning for young
26、 ladies:Do be clear-minded and cautious when youre going to fall into the tomb of “marriage”.Gilbert Osmond A social climber,a social parasite and a fortune hunter who covers up his liaison with the woman who introduced her to him,An American art collector living in Florence,marries Isabel for the f
27、ortune she has inherited from her uncle,treating her like an object dart which he expects to remain on the shelf.Gilbert OsmondoOsmond is a charming but worthless dilettante who sees Isabel as a beautiful prize,a mother for his daughter Pansy,and a source of easily attained wealth.From his cruel cynicism comes Isabels tragic disillusionment.A cruel,narcissistic gentleman of no particular social standing or wealth,who seduces Isabel and marries her for her money.Casper GoodwoodoThis is the end!Thanks for joining us!
