1、“I am going to do my homework.”He saidhe was going to do his homework.“I am visiting my friends.”She saidshe was visiting her friends.直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语amiswasarewerehavehashadwillwouldcancoulddodid变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时一般一般过去过去时时一般将来时一般将来时过去过去将来时将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去过去进行时进行时过去时态过去时态现在时态现在时态时态“I am cl
2、imbing the mountain now.”He saidhe was climbing the mountain then.He told Kenanhe was climbing the mountain then.He said to Kenanhe was climbing the mountain then.“This is my dictionary.”He saidthat was his dictionary.He told Kenanthat was his dictionary.He said to Kenanthat was his dictionary.“I am
3、 visiting my friends this weekend.”She said she was visiting her friends that weekend.She told Xiaoxinshe was visiting her friends that weekend.“I want to sing today.”She said she wanted to sing today/that day.She told Jiqimao she wanted to sing today/that day.I will go shopping tomorrow.What did he
4、 say?He said he would go shopping tomorrow/the next day.He told Jiqimao he would go shopping tomorrow/the next day.直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语 直接引述别人的原话直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语叫做直接引语;用用自己话转述别人的话自己话转述别人的话,叫做叫做间接引语间接引语。间接引语一般构成间接引语一般构成宾语从句宾语从句。直接引语。直接引语必须放在引号内必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号间接引语则不用引号。Grammar focusHe said,“My mother
5、is the most beautiful woman in the world.”He said his mother was the most beautiful woman in the world.直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1.陈述句的间接引语陈述句的间接引语陈述句由直接引语变间接引语陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,通常由通常由that引导引导,可以省略可以省略。“I want the blue one”he told us.“我想要蓝色的我想要蓝色的”他说。他说。He told us(that)he wanted the blue one.2.疑问句的间接引语疑问句的间接引语直接引
6、语如果是疑问句直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后变成间接引语后,叫做叫做间接疑问句间接疑问句。间接疑问句为。间接疑问句为陈述语陈述语序序,句末用句号句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。陈述句相同。引述动词常用引述动词常用ask,间接疑问句一般有三种：间接疑问句一般有三种：1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时时,由由if 或或 whether引导。引导。如如:“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked.“他在上海工作过吗他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。吉姆问。Jim asked if/whe
7、ther he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?”The old man asked.那个老人问那个老人问:“你能告诉我去医院的路吗你能告诉我去医院的路吗?”The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.那个老人问我是否能告诉他去医院的路。那个老人问我是否能告诉他去医院的路。“Do you like to play with the flowers?”
8、I asked the dog.What did I say?I asked the dog if he liked to play with the flowers.Do you think Im really happy?What did she say to me?She asked if I thought she was really happy.2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语由直接引语变为间接引语时时,仍由原来的疑问词引导仍由原来的疑问词引导。如如:“Which room do you live in?”He asked.“你住哪个房间？你住哪个房间？”他问我。他问
9、我。He asked me which room I lived in.他问他问我住哪个房间。我住哪个房间。“What do you think of the film?”She asked her friend.她问她朋友她问她朋友,“你怎么看这部电影你怎么看这部电影?”She asked her friend what she thought of the film.她问她的朋友怎么看这部电影。她问她的朋友怎么看这部电影。Who is my girl friend?What did he say?He asked who his girl friend was.Where is the m
10、ilk?What did she say?She asked where the milk was.3)选择疑问句选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语由直接引语变为间接引语时时,由由whether/if or引导。如：引导。如：“Is it your bike or Toms?Mum asked.妈妈问妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?”Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Toms.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。“Does your sister like blue dresses or gree
11、n ones?”Kate asked.“你妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是绿色的你妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。凯特问。Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.凯特问我的妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是凯特问我的妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是 绿色的。绿色的。3.祈使句的间接引语祈使句的间接引语 当祈使句变为间接引语时当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句间接祈使句的引述动词的引述动词常用常用tell,ask等等,而把直接祈而把直接祈使句变成使句变成带带to的不定式短语的不定式短语。如。如:Jack said,“Please
12、come to my house tomorrow,Mary.”杰克说杰克说:“玛丽玛丽,明天请到我家来。明天请到我家来。”Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。“Dont touch anything”He said.“不要碰任何东西不要碰任何东西,”他说。他说。He told us not to touch anything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。他对我们说不要碰任何东西。The teacher said to the students,“Stop talking.”老师对学生
13、们说老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。不要讲话了。”The teacher told the students to stop talking.老师让学生们不要说话了。老师让学生们不要说话了。1 直接引语变为间接引语时，须由宾语从 句引导，但从句中需要注意下列各种变化：1）人称人称的变化。的变化。如：He said,“You are right.”-He said that I was right.2)时态时态的变化。的变化。如:The teacher told his students,“I have been away from home for over ten years.”-The te
14、acher told his students that she had been away from home for over ten years.3)指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化 She said,“I visited Europe last year.”-She said that she had visited Europe the year before last.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语时间
15、状语todayyesterdaytomorrownext week/month/yearthat daythe day beforethe next daythe next week/month/year地点状语地点状语herethere动词动词come go时间、地点、指示代词的变化：1.She said,“That I will come this morning.”She said that she would go that morning.2.He said,“These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.3.She
16、said,“I went there yesterday.”She said that she had gone there the day before.注注：1 如果主句中的谓语动词是现在或将现在或将来时态来时态，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态时态一律不变一律不变；“She is a good student.”-The teacher says that she is a good student -The teacher will say that she is a good student.2 如果间接引语中表示的是客观真理或客观真理或客观存在客观存在，则时态也不变化则时态也不变化。T
17、he teacher said,“The moon moves round the earth.”-The teacher said that the moon moves round the earth.2.He said,“It must be late.I really must go.”He said it must be late,and he really must go.1.He said,“light travels much faster than sound.”(光传播的速度比声音传播速度要快得多。光传播的速度比声音传播速度要快得多。)He said that light
18、travels much faster than sound.Could you help me think about the problems?Could you help me think about the problems?3.Mr.and Mrs.Davis said,“We wont be able to come to dinner today.”They said they wouldnt be able to dinner that day.4.“What are you doing,Tom?”I asked Tom what he was doing.当谓语动词包含无过去
19、时形式的情态助动词时当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时 直接引语是疑问句时直接引语是疑问句时 当转述客观真理或引述客观事实时当转述客观真理或引述客观事实时注意时间状语的变化注意时间状语的变化 1.“I am good at English.”Lucy said.2.“Li Lei is reading a book.”Peter said to Lucy.3.“We will have a football match.”he told his mother.Lucy said she was good at English.Peter told Lucy that Li Lei was
20、 reading a book.He told his mother they would have a football match tomorrow.把下列句子变为间接引语。把下列句子变为间接引语。4.“They go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.”the boy said.5.Cousin Sue said,“Im sorry I didnt have time to come over and visit last Saturday.”The boy said they went to school every day
21、except Saturday and Sunday.Cousin Sue said she was sorry she hadnt had time to come over and visit the previous Saturday.Exercises:1.Mike asked me,“When will their plan land?”-Mike asked me when their plan would land.2.He asked:“Where has Li Ming gone?”-He asked where Li Ming had gone.3.Sara asked,“Will you come to the lecture this afternoon?”-Sara asked if I would go to the lecture that afternoon.4.The teacher asked,“Did you watch TV yesterday?”-The teacher asked if I had watched TV the day before.
