1、 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句注意事项注意事项:1.从句的位置从句的位置:2.翻译方法翻译方法:先行词先行词 之后之后“.的的”结构：结构：先行词先行词+关系词关系词 +句子句子用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。行词的后面。The students(who/that dont study hard)will not pass 先行词 关系词 定
2、语从句the exam.主句:The students will not pass the exam.The woman(whom/that you saw in the park)is our 先行词 定语从句English teacher.The woman you saw in the park is our English teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.关系词在从句中充当宾语，可省略 The book(which/that you want)is on the desk.先行词 定语从句 which/that 在从句中充当宾语可
3、省略The book you want is on the desk.主句:The book is on the desk.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.whose 在从句中作定语，表示所属关系从句意思是从句意思是：The boys father is a policeman.主句：主句：The boy is my classmate.关系代词的用法关系代词的用法归纳归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人指人,who
4、可可作主语宾语作主语宾语,whom只能只能作宾语。作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。whose 指人或物，作定语指人或物，作定语1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall are our friends.Is there anyone who wants to go there?2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you.T
5、here are many young men who are against him.如果如果先行词先行词是指是指人人,关系代词可用关系代词可用 who,that,whom,whose(用做定语用做定语)。who、that在指人时在指人时,可以通用可以通用,但但下列情况下列情况宜用宜用 who,不用不用 that 用用who,whom,that,whose 填空填空1.Do you know the woman _ you met at the gate?2.The person to _ you just talked is Mr Li.3.Were looking for a thief
6、 _ likes stealing necklace.4.Who is the man _ is reading the book over there?5.The babies _ the nurses are looking after are healthy.6.The boy _ parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.7.This dictionary is for the students _ first language isnt English.who/thatwhomwho/thatthatwho/that/
7、whomwhosewhoseMatch the two sentences1.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates._2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man.He is smoking._4.Where is the picture?You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/that te
8、aches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?如果如果先行词先行词指指物物,关系代词可用关系代词可用 _或或_在在什么情况下什么情况下只用关系词只用关系词that,而不宜用而不宜用which？whichthat Is it the one that you want?I havent got much that I can give you.1.先行词被先行词被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或序数词序数词修饰时修饰时,用用that.This is
9、the most interesting story(that)I have ever heard.The first meeting(that)we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.2.先行词是先行词是 something,nothing,anything等时等时,用用that.Here is something(that)I will tell you.3.先行词是先行词是all,any,few,much,little,the one 或被他们或被他们 修饰时修饰时,用用 that.Who is the woman that
10、is speaking at the meeting?4.先行词有先行词有the very,the only,the same等修饰时等修饰时,用用that.My necklace is not the only thing that is missing.5.先行词既有先行词既有人人也有也有物物时时,只能用只能用that.6.当当主句主句已有已有疑问词疑问词 who或或which时，用时，用that.I can remember the persons and some pictures(that)I see.注意：注意：！介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用which 而不能用而不能用that
11、。Is this the library you borrow books?from thatfrom whichFill in the gaps:1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ev
12、er read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?7.My hometown is not the same one _ it usedto be twenty years ago.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat(1)These are the treeswere plantedlast year.(2)This recorderhe is using ismade in Japan.(3)Is this the l
13、ibraryyou borrow books from?(4)Is this the libraryyou borrowbooks?which/that(which/that)(which/that)from whichPractice用关系代词填空用关系代词填空关系副词：关系副词：when/where/why when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married.It was t
14、he year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when(=in which)the World War I broke out.When=介词介词 +which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where(=in which)I was born.where =介词介词 +whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语,其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the
15、reason why Im late.I know the reason why he said it.1.Is this the place _ you were born?A.which B.where C.what D.that 2.Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year?A.which B.where C.what D.why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.A.which B.where C.what D.that
16、 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.A.that B.where C.what D.why一一.当关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词在人称和当关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上必须与先行词保持一致。数上必须与先行词保持一致。e.g.1.Those who want to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30 p.m.2.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a tru
17、e man.二.当先行词的结构为当先行词的结构为one of+n.(pl.)时，从句的谓语动时，从句的谓语动词必须用复数词必须用复数形式；但是如果在形式；但是如果在one 前有前有the 或或only 时，从句的谓语时，从句的谓语动词必须动词必须用单数形式。用单数形式。e.g.1.She is the only one of the girls who has been to Beijing.2.He is one of the boys who have seen the film.定语从句应注意的事项定语从句应注意的事项三三.当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词或代词当先行词是表示时间或地点的名
18、词或代词时，并非都用时，并非都用when或或where来引导从句，关来引导从句，关键是看关系词在从句中的语法作用。键是看关系词在从句中的语法作用。e.g.The time when I went to Tokyo is in 1986.Ill never forget the time which/that I spent at college.The shop which I bought is big.The shop where/in which I bought the book is big.定语从句应注意的事项定语从句应注意的事项practice.单项选择单项选择1.There i
19、s nothing _ I can do.A.that B.which C.who D.what2.Do you know the man _ is wearing glasses?A.who B.which C.what D.where 3.The boy _ is playing football is my brother.A.which B.who C.what D.where4.Ill never forget the day _ I first met her.A.what B.who C.which D.when5.I cant find the book _ my mother
20、 bought.A.who B.when C.which D.what(A)(A)(B)(D)(C)practice6.The film _I saw yesterday was very interesting.A.who B.when C.what D.that7.This is the pan _ I heat the milk.A.which B.where C.with which D.in which8.Is there anything _ I can help you?A.that B.which C.who D.what 9.All _ is needed is a few
21、hands to help with the work.A.what B.that C.which D.things10.Is this the factory _you wish to visit?A.that B.where C.when D.what(D)(D)(A)(B)(A)11.He is the very one of the students_ good at English.A.who does B.that is C.whom do D.which are12.The second book _ I want to read is Traveis in China by R
22、ewi Alley.A.which B.that C.what D.as13.He is the same teacher _ spoke at the meeting on the opening ceremony.A.as B.whom C.that D.who14.The days _ I spent in the countryside in my childhood was the happiest time _ I had ever had in my life.D.that/that A.when/when B.when/that C.that/which(B)(B)(C)(D)
23、practice15.My necklace is not the only thing _is missing.A.which B.that C.what D.where16.I hate people _ talked much but do A.who，few B.that，few C.which，little D.who，little17.Ill shoot anyone _ moves.A.which B.when C.where D.who(B)(D)(D)practice18.I dont know the reason _he was late this morning.A.what B.when C.why D.who 19.We are looking for a thief _ parrots and necklaces.A.who like stealing B.who likes stealing C.that like to steal D.which likes to steal(C)(B)
