1、系表结构From：Dannie01020304目 录01简单句的五种基本句型简单句的五种基本句型I am a boy.My name is Shinnosuke.I used to dislike English.But now,I find English interesting.My mother often buys English books to me.Yesterday,I played a game with my mom.I won.She bought me a blue hat and a blue bag.I look cool in the hat.I live hap
2、pily.01上面这段话中的每个句子，你能按照之前我们学过的简单句的五种基本句型进上面这段话中的每个句子，你能按照之前我们学过的简单句的五种基本句型进行分分类吗？行分分类吗？分分类分分类I am a boy.My name is Shinnosuke.I look cool in the hat.I won.I live happily.I used to dislike English.I have a blue hat and a blue bag.Yesterday,I played a game with my mom.But now,I find English interestin
3、g.She bought me a blue hat and a blue bag.分分类分分类I am a boy.My name is Shinnosuke.I look cool in the hat.主主+系系+表表主主+谓谓主主+谓谓+宾宾主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾I won.I live happily.I used to dislike English.I have a blue hat and a blue bag.Yesterday,I played a game with my mom.But now,I find English intere
4、sting.She bought me a blue hat and a blue bag.主谓：主语+不及物动词（S+Vi.）简单句的简单句的五种基本句型五种基本句型主谓宾：主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt.+O）主系表：主语+连系动词+表语（S+V+P）主谓间宾直宾：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 （S+Vt.+InO+DO）主谓宾宾补：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 （S+Vi+O+OC）今天让我们来学习一下 主系表系表结构中的系动词系表结构中的系动词02play look want smell can am write make taste seem makeare become
5、sound was work stay feel like turn appear grow keep sleep should remain do get let go have were SHOW TIME你能找出下列动词中的系动词吗？你能找出下列动词中的系动词吗？play look want smell can am write make taste seem makeare become sound was work stay feel like is turn appear grow keep sleep should remain do get let go have were S
6、HOW TIME你能找出下列动词中的系动词吗？你能找出下列动词中的系动词吗？smell looktaste sound feel 感觉类系动词感觉类系动词am are was iswere bebe动词动词become turn grow get go变化类系动词变化类系动词stay keepremain持续类系动词持续类系动词接下来让我们一个个学习一下接下来让我们一个个学习一下 seem appearlook表象类系动词表象类系动词 用来表示主语性质或状态用来表示主语性质或状态 包括包括am,is,are,was,weream,is,are,was,wereE.g.He is a teach
7、er.E.g.He is a teacher.He is ill.(He is ill.(表示主语的状态表示主语的状态)My dream is to be a scientist.My dream is to be a scientist.表示主语变成什么样表示主语变成什么样 主要有主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,runbecome,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run等等 gogo和和come come 是一对相反的词是一对相反的词.go+adj.go+adj.表示令人不愉快的事表示令人不愉快的事;come+adj.;come
8、+adj.表示表示好的事情好的事情,还可以接前缀还可以接前缀un-un-的过去分词作表语，表示变化的情况。的过去分词作表语，表示变化的情况。go blind/mad/hungry/badgo blind/mad/hungry/bad come true/right/clear/dear/unstuck/untied come true/right/clear/dear/unstuck/untied His dream to be a pilot has come true.His dream to be a pilot has come true.My shoelaces have come
9、undone.My shoelaces have come undone.She went blind at the age of 8.She went blind at the age of 8.runrun后接后接 short,dry,low,deepshort,dry,low,deep等形容词等形容词,主语为流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。主语为流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。Their money was running short.Their money was running short.The well has run dry.The well has run dry.growgrow常指逐
10、渐的变化常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。表示身高、岁数的增长。My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.She grew thinner and thinner.She grew thinner and thinner.Soon the sky grew light.Soon the sky grew light.turnturn表示表示“变得变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜
11、色和天气等变化。通常指颜色和天气等变化。The weather suddenly turned much colder.The weather suddenly turned much colder.Her face turned blue with fear.Her face turned blue with fear.She turned teacher after graduation.She turned teacher after graduation.get get“变成变成,变得变得起来起来”,后可接形容词后可接形容词,分词分词,介词短语介词短语;接不定式时表示接不定式时表示“由
12、不由不变得变得”.The days are getting longer and longer.The days are getting longer and longer.He got excited about it.He got excited about it.My watch gets out of order.My watch gets out of order.fall fall接接asleep,silent,quietasleep,silent,quiet等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词的比较级。等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词的比较级。While
13、I was doing my homework,my little sister fell asleep.While I was doing my homework,my little sister fell asleep.She fell ill from cold.She fell ill from cold.The naughty boy fell silent suddenly.The naughty boy fell silent suddenly.become become“变成变成;变为变为”(好坏均可好坏均可),),语气正式语气正式,且不能用于将来时态且不能用于将来时态,强调结
14、果强调结果.表人的身体状况表人的身体状况,情绪情绪,天气和社会变化时可与天气和社会变化时可与getget互换使用互换使用.He became a lawyer.He became a lawyer.I became/got interested in math.I became/got interested in math.He became/got angry with me.He became/got angry with me.I hope you will become/get well.I hope you will become/get well.注意！become,turn,go
15、,get,fallbecome,turn,go,get,fall后面能接名词作表语后面能接名词作表语,其他则其他则不能不能.turn.turn和和gogo后面的名词不带冠词。后面的名词不带冠词。His dream has become/got a reality.He has turned scientist.She has gone artist.He fell an victim to cancer.表变化的系动词用于进行时态时，表示逐渐的变化。表变化的系动词用于进行时态时，表示逐渐的变化。The days are getting/becoming longer and longer.Sh
16、e is growing to be more and more like her mother.感觉类系动词 感官系动词主要有感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,look.feel,smell,sound,taste,look.例如：例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.This flower smells very sweet.The music sounds nice.The music soun
17、ds nice.The fish tastes good.The fish tastes good.表象类系动词 用来表示用来表示“看起来像看起来像”这一概念，主要有这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look,seem,appear,look,例如：例如：He looks tired.He looks tired.He seems(to be)very sad.He seems(to be)very sad.She appears 18.But in fact,she is already 28.She appears 18.But in fact,she is already 28.持
18、续类系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay,keep,remain,stay,lie,stand,continue.lie,stand,continue.例如：例如：He always kept silent at meeting.He always kept silent at meeting.This matter remains a mystery.This matter remains a mystery.It continued/remained rainy for days.It contin
19、ued/remained rainy for days.He stood quite still,except his lips moved slightly.He stood quite still,except his lips moved slightly.The snow lay thick on the ground.The snow lay thick on the ground.注意！(1)(1)表示表示“仍然处于原来的状态仍然处于原来的状态”时，时，remainremain和和staystay可以互换，可以互换，例如：例如：Three of them remained/stay
20、ed remained/stayed single.Shops should remain/stay remain/stay open till later in the evening.The door stayed/remained stayed/remained closed.But the police themselves prefer to stay/remain stay/remain unarmed.(2)(2)表示表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态需要设法才能保持某种状态”时，可用时，可用keepkeep和和stay.stay.后常接的形容词有后常接的形容词有 calm,clea
21、n,awake,youngcalm,clean,awake,young，finefine等等.例如例如：She knew she must keep/stay keep/stay calm.Although they have many difficulties,they keepkeep happy.Paul managed to keep/stay keep/stay awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee.几组连系动词的几组连系动词的用法辨析用法辨析appear,look,seemappear,look,seem的用法区别的用法区别1.
22、1.含义上的区别含义上的区别appear指外表给人的印象，look指视觉印象，这两者可能是真像也可能是假象。seem侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断，也不一定是事实。2.2.搭配上的区别搭配上的区别TaskTask：看下面几个句子：看下面几个句子She seems/appears/looks to be very angry.结论：三者都可以接不定式（结论：三者都可以接不定式（looklook只能接只能接to beto be）He looks/seems like a rich man.结论：结论：looklook和和seemseem后可接介词后可接介词likelike，但，但appearappe
23、ar不能不能He looks/is looking well.结论：结论：looklook有时可以用于进行时态，但有时可以用于进行时态，但appearappear和和seemseem不能不能3.3.固定句型：固定句型：It seems/appearsIt seems/appears thatthat “似乎似乎”e.g.It seemed to me that there is something funny about the case.look,look,sound,smellsound,smelltaste,taste,feelfeel的用法特点的用法特点1.1.基本词义基本词义look
24、“看起来”，sound“听起来”，smell“闻起来”，taste“尝起来”，feel“摸起来”2.2.用法特点用法特点TaskTask：看下面几个句子：看下面几个句子The cloth is felt nice.(X)The cloth feels nice.()The soup is tasted good.(X)The soup tastes good.()结论：没有被动语态结论：没有被动语态It looks/smells/tastes/sounds good.It looks/smells/tastes/sounds good.结论：后面加形容词而不是副词结论：后面加形容词而不是副词T
25、his looks/tastes/smells like an apple.结论：都可以接介词结论：都可以接介词likelikeIt tastes/smells of fish.结论：结论：tastetaste和和smellsmell后可以接介词后可以接介词ofof，表示，表示“有有的味道的味道”He looks/is looking tired this evening.结论：除结论：除looklook外，均不能用于进行时态外，均不能用于进行时态SHOW TIME1.1.Do you like this shirt?Yes.It _ very soft.Do you like this sh
26、irt?Yes.It _ very soft.A.is feeling B.feels C.is felt A.is feeling B.feels C.is felt2.Nancy,its2.Nancy,its tootoo hot.hot.PutPut thethe fishfish inin thethe fridge,or it will_ bad.fridge,or it will_ bad.Ok,Mom!Ok,Mom!A.go B.change C.feel D.keep A.go B.change C.feel D.keep3.In autumn when leaves _ ye
27、llow,they soon begin to 3.In autumn when leaves _ yellow,they soon begin to fall down to the ground.fall down to the ground.A.keep B.turn C.stay D.look A.keep B.turn C.stay D.look4.He _ to be quite happy.4.He _ to be quite happy.A.seems B.tastes C.smells D.feels A.seems B.tastes C.smells D.feels5.I
28、hear the weather will _ cold for another day.5.I hear the weather will _ cold for another day.A.turn B.last C.stay D.get A.turn B.last C.stay D.get1.B2.A 3.B4.A5.AAnswer:Answer:1.-You dont look very _.Are you ill?1.-You dont look very _.Are you ill?-No,Im just a bit tired.-No,Im just a bit tired.A.g
29、ood B.well C.strong D.healthy A.good B.well C.strong D.healthy2.What he said sounds _.2.What he said sounds _.A.nicely B.pleasantly C.friendly D.wonderfully A.nicely B.pleasantly C.friendly D.wonderfully3.These oranges taste _.3.These oranges taste _.A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be A.good B.well
30、C.to be good D.to be wellwell4.Tasting _,the food was soon sold out.(A.good B.well)4.Tasting _,the food was soon sold out.(A.good B.well)5.It is _ of you to act _.(A.bad B.badly)5.It is _ of you to act _.(A.bad B.badly)6.The little hero looked _ at the enemy.(A.angry B.6.The little hero looked _ at
31、the enemy.(A.angry B.angrily)angrily)SHOW TIME1.B2.C 3.A4.A5.A 6.AAnswer:Answer:B系表结构的用法系表结构的用法03请划出下列句子中的系动词请划出下列句子中的系动词1.Dont be such a silly!2.Later his father became a lawyer.3.She got angry at his words.4.Keep quiet.5.You are late again.6.You look cool in it.7.This dictionary is yours.8.Money i
32、snt everything.9.She looks about fifty.10.He was the first one to leave the room.11.He is in good health.12.The old man looks like blind.13.My advice to you is to speak the truth.14.His goal is to be a good actor.15.Seeing is believing.16.My hobby is collecting shells.17.Whats on tonight?18.I must b
33、e out now！19.This is what he said.20.It seems as if it is going to rain.请划出下列句子中的系动词请划出下列句子中的系动词1.Dont be such a silly!2.Later his father became a lawyer.3.She got angry at his words.4.Keep quiet.5.You are late again.6.You look cool in it.7.This dictionary is yours.8.Money isnt everything.9.She look
34、s about fifty.10.He was the first one to leave the room.11.He is in good health.12.The old man looks like blind.13.My advice to you is to speak the truth.14.His goal is to be a good actor.15.Seeing is believing.16.My hobby is collecting shells.17.Whats on tonight?18.I must be out now！19.This is what
35、 he said.20.It seems as if it is going to rain.你知道系动词后面的是什么吗？能不能把它们分分类呢？你知道系动词后面的是什么吗？能不能把它们分分类呢？1.Dont be such a silly!2.Later his father became a lawyer.3.She got angry at his words.4.Keep quiet.5.You are late again.6.You look cool in it.7.This dictionary is yours.8.Money isnt everything.9.She loo
36、ks about fifty.10.He was the first one to leave the room.）11.He is in good health.12.The old man looks like blind.13.My advice to you is to speak the truth.14.His goal is to be a good actor.15.Seeing is believing.16.My hobby is collecting shells.17.Whats on tonight?18.I must be out now！19.This is wh
37、at he said.20.It seems as if it is going to rain.系动词后面的是表语系动词后面的是表语表语说明主语表语说明主语“是什么是什么”或者或者“怎么样怎么样”通常放在系动词后面通常放在系动词后面表语通常由名词、代词、形容词、表语通常由名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式、副词、介词、不定式、doingdoing形式形式以及句子来担任。以及句子来担任。04 1.1.我的兄弟都是中学生。我的兄弟都是中学生。2.2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。冬季白天短，夜晚长。3.3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。布朗夫人看起来很健康。4.4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。十五岁他就成为
38、有名的钢琴家了。5.5.孩子们，请保持安静。孩子们，请保持安静。6.6.树叶已经变黄了。树叶已经变黄了。7.7.这个报告听起来很有意思。这个报告听起来很有意思。将下面句子翻译成英文将下面句子翻译成英文Answer:Answer:1.My brothers are all middle school students.1.My brothers are all middle school students.2.In winter,the days are short and the nights are long.2.In winter,the days are short and the ni
39、ghts are long.3.Mrs Brown looks very healthy.3.Mrs Brown looks very healthy.4.At the age of fifteen4.At the age of fifteen，he became a famous pianist.he became a famous pianist.5.Children,keep quiet please.5.Children,keep quiet please.6.The leaves have turned yellow.6.The leaves have turned yellow.7
40、.The report sounds interesting.7.The report sounds interesting.1.Have you ever heard the song 1.Have you ever heard the song TAKE ME TO YOUR HEART?TAKE ME TO YOUR HEART?Yes,it_ terrific.All of us like it very much.Yes,it_ terrific.All of us like it very much.A.smells B.sounds C.looks D.tastes A.smel
41、ls B.sounds C.looks D.tastes 2.Carl felt_ because he won the first prize in the school singing 2.Carl felt_ because he won the first prize in the school singing petition.A.interested B.proud C.angry D.worried A.interested B.proud C.angry D.worried 3.Dinner is ready.Help yourself!3.Dinner is ready.He
42、lp yourself!WowWow！It_ delicious.Could you please tell me how to cook it?It_ delicious.Could you please tell me how to cook it?A.tastes B.looks C.sounds D.feels A.tastes B.looks C.sounds D.feels 4.The food on the plate smells_.You cant eat it.4.The food on the plate smells_.You cant eat it.A.delicio
43、us B.badly C.well D.bad A.delicious B.badly C.well D.bad 5.You look so_.5.You look so_.Yes,Ive got a birthday present.Yes,Ive got a birthday present.A.sad B.worried C.tired D.happy A.sad B.worried C.tired D.happy 6.What about this green coat,Madam?6.What about this green coat,Madam?It_ nice.Ill take
44、 it.It_ nice.Ill take it.A.tastes B.smells C.sounds D.looks A.tastes B.smells C.sounds D.looks 7.The meat has been kept in the bag for several day without being frozen.It smells 7.The meat has been kept in the bag for several day without being frozen.It smells _ now._ now.A.worse B.worst C.bad D.bad
45、ly A.worse B.worst C.bad D.badly 8.You look_.Whats wrong?8.You look_.Whats wrong?My son hurt his leg this morning.My son hurt his leg this morning.A.happy B.fine C.surprised D.worried A.happy B.fine C.surprised D.worried 9.Do you like the music the Moonlight Sonata?9.Do you like the music the Moonlight Sonata?Yes,it_ really beautiful.Yes,it_ really beautiful.A.feels B.sounds C.listens D.hears A.feels B.sounds C.listens D.hears Answer:Answer:总 结T h a n k y o u！
