1、基基本本句句型型英语语法复习-简单句考考点点及及 六六大基本句型大基本句型 一般疑问句一般疑问句 疑问句疑问句 考点考点 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 感叹句：感叹句：What 引导；引导；How 引导引导 祈使句：肯定句式；否定句式祈使句：肯定句式；否定句式 There be 句型：就近原则句型：就近原则 笔记区演算区简单句的基本句型1句型1：主语+谓语(+i)The boy laughed at last.主语 谓语最后这个男孩笑了。Things have changed now.现在事情发生了变化。41.这种句型称为主谓结构（S+V），其谓语一般是不及物动词；后面不能跟宾语,也无被动语态。2.很
2、多情况下，不及物动词由副词或别的状语修饰，有的动词如果不加状语修饰,句意可能不完整。She lived.She lived in that country.她住在那个国家。笔记区演算区简单句的基本句型2句型2：主语+系动词+表语(+-L+)His face turned red.主语 系动词 表语他的脸变红了。His father is a teacher.他的爸爸是老师。5这种句型称为主系表结构（S+V+P），连系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词，表语一般是名词或者形容词。连系动词有3类。1.表示状态的连系动词有:be,seem,appear,stand,sit,live,stay,keep等;
3、2.表示感官的连系动词有:look,sound,smell,feel,taste等;3.表示变化的连系动词有:get,go,become,turn,grow等。笔记区演算区简单句的基本句型3句型3：主语+谓语+宾语（+t+O）They often speak English at the meeting.主语 谓语 宾语他们在会上经常说英语。The house caught fire.房子着火了。6这种句型称为主谓宾结构（S+V+O），其谓语动词是及物动词,宾语一般是直接宾语。7简单句的基本句型4句型4：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 (+t+IO+DO)Her father bought h
4、er a doll.主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 她父亲给她买了个布娃娃。My father gave me a pen last night.昨天晚上我爸爸给我一支钢笔。这种句型称为主谓宾结构（S+VIO+DO），其谓语动词必须是可以跟双宾语的动词，两个宾语中表示事物的是直接宾语，另一个表示人的是间接宾语。笔记区演算区简单句的基本句型5句型5：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（+t+O+O）We must keep our classroom clean.主语谓语宾语 宾补 我们必须保持教室干净。Your words make me angry.你的话让我很生气这种句型称为主谓宾及宾补结构（S+V+O
5、+OC）其谓语动词必须是可以跟复合宾语的及物动词。笔记区演算区简单句的基本句型6句型6：There be There is an apple on the tree.树上有个苹果。There are some chemical factories along the river.沿河有几家化工厂。9这种句型称为there be 结构,谓语动词由靠近be动词的名词单复数形式决定,即就近原则1.The train is coming 2.We all like English.3.Danny looks happy.主谓主谓宾主系表【巩固提高练习】4.Mom gave me a present.5
6、.The story makes me laugh.6.The flower is dead.7.There are some birds flying in the sky.主谓+双宾语主谓宾+宾补主谓【巩固提高练习】There be疑问句(1)(1)一般疑问句一般疑问句 一般疑问句一般疑问句用来询问一件事，用来询问一件事，一般是一般是以助动词、情态动词、以助动词、情态动词、bebe动词开始动词开始，通常要求，通常要求以以yesyes或或nono来回答来回答,对一般疑问句作肯定回答时，通常是：对一般疑问句作肯定回答时，通常是：Yes,Yes,主语主语+be/+be/助动词助动词/情态动情态动
7、词词.;作否定回答时，通常是作否定回答时，通常是No,No,主语主语+be/+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+not.+not.,not,not一般要缩写成一般要缩写成nt.nt.-Do you know Mr.Smith?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.-Can you swim?-Yes,I can./No,I cant.(2 2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问句由“疑问代词或疑问副词疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句一般疑问句”构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果对主语提问时用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问句如果对主语提问时用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问
8、句不能用不能用yesyes或或nono回答回答。例如：。例如：Who is on duty today?How long have you been in Beijing?What time do you get up every morning?What must I do now?询问内容询问内容疑问词或句型疑问词或句型询问内容询问内容疑问词或句型疑问词或句型职业，身份职业，身份 What do/dosedo 几号，日期几号，日期 what is the date?姓名或关系姓名或关系 Who/whats name 年龄（多大）年龄（多大）how old 相貌特征相貌特征 whatlike
9、?持续多长时间（多久）持续多长时间（多久）how long 目的目的 whatfor?长度（多长）长度（多长）how long 原因原因 why 距离（多远）距离（多远）how far 天气天气 how is the weather whats the weather like?频度频度（多经常）（多经常）how often 颜色颜色 what color？时间经过时间经过（多快）（多快）how soon 服装尺寸服装尺寸 what size 数量数量（多少）（多少）how many（可数名词）how much（不可数名词）几点钟几点钟 what time 价格价格 how much/what
10、s the price 星期几星期几 what day 高度高度（多高）（多高）how tall（人，树）how high（山，建筑物）常用的特殊疑问词和句型常用的特殊疑问词和句型1.can you get to the airport？In about 30 minutes.Im on the way.AHow soon BHow long CHow much DHow often2.sport will you take part in，Peter？The boys 800-meter race.AWhere BWhen CWhich DHow3.will the Jinniu Lake
11、Animal Kingdom be open？Maybe in the second half of this year.AWhen BWho CWhat DWhere【巩固提高练习】What a good boy he is!How good the boy is!引导词引导词 名词词组名词词组 主语主语 谓语谓语 引导词引导词 形容词形容词 主语主语 谓语谓语他是一个多好的男孩啊！他是一个多好的男孩啊！感叹词感叹词结构结构例子例子whatWhat+a/an+形容词形容词+可数名词单数（可数名词单数（+主主语语+谓语）！谓语）！What a beautiful girl(she is)!多漂
12、亮的一个女孩啊！多漂亮的一个女孩啊！感叹句的结构感叹词感叹词结构结构例子例子whatWhat+形容词形容词+可数名可数名词复数词复数(+主语主语+谓语）！谓语）！What good children(they are)!多棒的孩子们啊！多棒的孩子们啊！What+形容词形容词+不可数不可数名词（名词（+主语主语+谓语）！谓语）！What nice music(it is)!多好听的音乐啊！多好听的音乐啊！感叹句的结构感叹词感叹词结构结构例子例子howHow+形容词形容词/副词（副词（+主语主语+谓语）！谓语）！How fast he runs!他跑得多快啊！他跑得多快啊！感叹句的结构What和H
13、ow选用技巧：What a good boy he is!先把主谓(he is)去掉最后一个单词是名词，用whatHow good the boy is!先把主谓(the boy is)去掉最后一个是形容词或副词(good是形容词)，用how【巩固提高练习】()1.Look at the photo I took in Yunnan Province._ fun the Dai people were having!Wow!They were celebrating the Water Festival.AWhat BHow CWhat a DHow a()2._ pretty skirt y
14、ouve bought for me!Im glad you like it.AHow a BWhat a CHow DWhat()3.Look at the cloud!It looks like a rabbit!Wow!_ beautiful!AWhat BWhat a CHow DHow a祈使句 用来表示命令、请求、建议、劝告等意义的句子。用来表示命令、请求、建议、劝告等意义的句子。祈使句常省去主语祈使句常省去主语you。1.肯定结构：动词原形开头。肯定结构：动词原形开头。例如：例如：Open the door!开门！开门！Let me help you!让我来帮你！让我来帮你！2.
15、否定结构：在动词原形前面加否定结构：在动词原形前面加dont。例如：例如：Dont turn on the TV!不要打开电视机！不要打开电视机！3.一般在句首或句尾加一般在句首或句尾加please表示委婉语气。但表示委婉语气。但please 放在词尾时，前面用逗号隔开。如：放在词尾时，前面用逗号隔开。如：Please help yourself to some fish!请自便吃点鱼吧！请自便吃点鱼吧！Go back to your seat,please!请回位就座！请回位就座！4.有些可用有些可用no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如：如：No smoking
16、!禁止吸烟禁止吸烟!祈使句()1.Im worried about my English.harder,and you will catch up with your classmates.A.Working B.To work C.Work D.Worked()2.away the socks,Jim.You shouldnt throw them everywhere.OK,Mum.Ill do it after finishing my homework.A.Put B.Putting C.No put D.Dont put【巩固提高练习】There be句型表示句型表示“某处有某人（事
17、物）某处有某人（事物）”。be动词的形式与最靠近它的名词形式一致。动词的形式与最靠近它的名词形式一致。例子例子技巧技巧There is(was)a book and two pens on the desk.桌面上有一本书和两支钢笔。桌面上有一本书和两支钢笔。a book最靠近最靠近be动词，动词，故用故用is/wasThere are(were)two pens and a book on the desk.桌面上有两支钢笔和一本书。桌面上有两支钢笔和一本书。two pens最靠近最靠近be动词，动词，故用故用are/wereThere be 句型()1.We ordered beef no
18、odles,but there any beef in the noodles.Put on your glasses and you can see the beef.A.isnt B.is C.arent D.are()2.Excuse me,are there any book stores around here?,but there are some on Center Street.A.Yes,there are B.No,there arent C.Yes,there is D.No,there isnt【巩固提高练习】1.(2019福建28题)一 _the Hong Kang-
19、Zhuhai-Macao Bridge?-55 kilometers.A.How long B.How high C.How wide2.(2017福建30题)一_ has Hong Kong been back to our motherland?一-For 20 years.How time flies!A.How soon B.How long C.How often【综合练习-真题再现】3.(2019 泉州5月质检31题)一 _ is it from Kaiyuan Temple to Quanzhou Railway Station,Dick?-About half an hours
20、 drive.A.How soon B.How long C.How far4.(2019龙岩5月质检28题)一_do you go swimming?一About once a week.A.How soon B.How long C.How often5.(2019 福建21题)There_ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.A.is B.are C.be【综合练习-真题再现】6.(2019南平5月质检34题)一You went to the library yesterday,Mike.一_A.So did I B.So I did C.Neithe
21、r did I7.(2019福州5月质检30题)-Chinas Change4 spacecraft successfully landed on the far side of the Moon in January,2019.一_A.How exciting the news is!B.What an interesting story!C.How successful you are!【综合练习-真题再现】1.你想邀请同学加入你们的志愿活动，可以这样说:_?2.班长想跟Jerry说上学别再迟到了,可以这样说:_again!3.当你听到一则令人兴奋的消息时，可以这样说:_ it is!【综
22、合练习-情景交际】Would you like to join usDont be late for schoolWhat exciting news4.你想了解对方长大后想做什么工作，可以这样问:_when you grow up?5.你想表达今天天气真好，可以这样感叹:How_!6.你想知道从这里到图书馆远吗，可以这样问:_ to the library?【综合练习-情景交际】What are you going to benice the weather isIs it far from here【综合练习-看图写话】how,beautifulnotHow beautiful the dress is!Dont swim here.【综合练习-看图写话】there betasteThere is a piano in the room.The hotdog tastes delicious.
