1、形容词、副词的级形容词、副词的级 中考专项复习中考专项复习Tangzi Middle School Zhao kefei比较级比较级最高级最高级词形构成词形构成原级原级形容词形容词和和副词副词定义及词性转换定义及词性转换形容词形容词adj.adj.和副词和副词adv.adv.区分运用区分运用形容词形容词adj.形容词是描述人和事物的特征、性质、形容词是描述人和事物的特征、性质、属性或状态的词属性或状态的词1.adj.+名名；interesting book 2.系系+adj.；That sounds good 3.实动实动+sb./sth.+adj.It make me happy副词副词ad
2、v.副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词1.动动+adv.We should eat hood healthily.2.adv.+adj./adv.It is really beautiful!形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成1.long fast young tall2.fine late nice large 3.thin biglonger longestyounger youngest一般在词尾加一般在词尾加 er,est以字母以字母e 结尾的词结尾的词,加加 r,st重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时重读闭音节词只有一个
3、辅音字母时,双写辅音字母双写辅音字母,加加 er,estfiner finestlater latestthinner thinnestbigger biggesttaller tallestfaster fastestnicer nicestlarger largest大大 热热天天，胖胖子子湿湿了，了，瘦瘦子子红红眼了眼了big,hot,fat,wet,thin,red 以辅音字母加以辅音字母加“y”结尾的双音节词结尾的双音节词,先改先改“y”为为“i”再加再加er,estluckier luckiest4.easy luckyeasier easiest5.beautiful serio
4、us more beautifulmost beautifulmore seriousmost serious部分双音节词和多音节词在前面加部分双音节词和多音节词在前面加more或或most形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成earlyslowlyquicklyearlier earliestmore slowly most slowlymore quickly most quickly 注意：以注意：以“ly”结尾的副词，除结尾的副词，除early外，其它，外，其它，一一般加般加more 或或most.不规则形容词的比较级和最高级不规则形容词的比较级和最高级good/
5、wellbad/badly/illmany/muchlittlefaroldbetter best worse worst more most farther farthest further furthest less leastolder oldest elder eldest注注：older 一般指一般指年龄年龄大小；大小；My father is older than my mother.elder指指长幼长幼关系关系(一般修饰名词作定语一般修饰名词作定语);My elder brother is a driver.注注：farther指指距离距离更更远远.jump farther f
6、urther指指抽像抽像的的.study English further.考点考点1 名词、形容词和副词的词性转化名词、形容词和副词的词性转化 1.1.名词变形容词名词变形容词 名词名词构成方法构成方法意义意义举例举例表天气的名词表天气的名词-y多多的的cloudcloudy 表方位的名词表方位的名词-ern方位的方位的westwestern表称谓的名词表称谓的名词-ly般的般的friendfriendly表时间的名词表时间的名词-ly每每的的weekweekly表材质的名词表材质的名词-en/-y制成的制成的woodwooden表情感的名词表情感的名词-ful/-able-y-less有有的
7、的的的不不的的carecarefulluckluckycarecareless国家国家-n-t的的AmericaAmerican 2.形容词变副词形容词形容词构成方法构成方法举例举例一般情况一般情况-lyquickquickly以以y结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词词变变y为为i，再加，再加-lyhappyhappily以以y结尾的单音节结尾的单音节词词-lyshyshyly以以e结尾结尾开音节词加开音节词加-ly；以元音字母以元音字母+e结结尾，去尾，去e加加-ly；以；以le结尾，去结尾，去e加加-ywidewidelytruetrulyterribleterribly特殊变化：特殊变化：goo
8、dwell 考点考点2 形容词的一些特殊用法形容词的一些特殊用法有一些形容词只能作表语，有一些形容词只能作表语，不能不能作前置定语。例如：作前置定语。例如：afraid（害怕的），（害怕的），alive（活着的），（活着的），alone（单独的）。（单独的）。表语形容词如表语形容词如alive，afraid，awake，asleep等等只能只能作作后置后置定语定语。The man may be the most famous scientist alive in the world today.这个人可能是世界上活着的最著名的科学家。这个人可能是世界上活着的最著名的科学家。the加上某些形容词
9、加上某些形容词，表示一类人或事物。例如：，表示一类人或事物。例如：the young（年轻人），（年轻人），the rich（富人）（富人），the poor（穷人）。（穷人）。形容词修饰形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，somebody，anybody等不定代等不定代词时要放在这些不定代词的词时要放在这些不定代词的后面后面。Come on,Tom!I have something important to tell you.过来，汤姆！我有过来，汤姆！我有重要的事情要跟你说。重要的事情要跟你说。1.1.肯定：肯定：as+as+原级原级+as+as “和和一样一样
10、”You are as tall as me.=You are as tall as I(am).He has as many books as I(have=do).This computer runs as fast as that one.2.2.否定否定not asnot as/so/so+原级原级+as+as “不如不如”This jacket isnt as(so)cheap as that one.She doesnt have as(so)many books as I have.Henry doesnt study as(so)hard as his elder brothe
11、r.3.twice/数词数词times+as 原级原级 asThe river is three times as wide as that one.这条河是那条河的三倍宽这条河是那条河的三倍宽.The room is twice as big as mine=(my room).这间房间是那间的两倍大这间房间是那间的两倍大.4.Its+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。此句型中的形容词一般为表示性格、品德、主观感情或态度的形容词，常用的有：good，kind，nice，polite，clever，careful等。表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。此句型
12、中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征和客观形式的形容词，常用的有：difficult，easy，useful，interesting，important 等。5.Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.-ing-ed例句P98surprising令人惊讶的surprised感到惊讶的This is a surprising story.I am surprised at the news.interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的I have an interesting book.He is interested in science.exciting令人兴奋的exci
13、ted感到兴奋的Have you heard of the exciting news？We are excited about thetraveling.pleasing令人愉悦的pleased满意的；愉快的This is a pleasing trip.The teacher is pleased with our performance.6.very/quite/so/as/too/really+原级原级Eg.This box is heavy!1.比较级比较级+than “比比更更”2.比较级比较级，or?“哪个更哪个更?”表示表示两者两者之间的选择之间的选择.Which is lon
14、ger,this one or that one?Who draws better,Tom or Jim?What do you like better,A or B?3.形容词的比较级前面一般不加冠词，但表示形容词的比较级前面一般不加冠词，但表示“两者中较两者中较”的时候，要用的时候，要用“the+比较级比较级+of the two”。She is the taller of the two girls.Do you know the more outgoing boy of the two under the tree?5.The+比较级比较级，the+比较级比较级 “越越,越越”4.比较
15、级比较级+and+比较级比较级 “越来越越来越”more and more+原级原级 The weather is getting（越来越暖和）（越来越暖和）.Our school is getting（越来越漂亮）（越来越漂亮）.The more you eat,the fatter you will be.The more,the better.warmer and warmermore and more beautifulThe more exercise you do,the healthier you will become.注意：注意：比较级前面可以用比较级前面可以用even(更加
16、更加)，much/far/a lot(得多得多)，a little/a bit/a little bit(一点一点),等词语表示不等词语表示不定程度或数量。定程度或数量。much/a little/a bit/a lot/even/far/a little bit+比较级比较级 This room is much bigger than that one.I am a little taller than he.He studies even harder than before.1the+最高级最高级+of/in 短语短语Bob is the tallest boy in our schoo
17、l.She is the most careful student of us three.2.最高级最高级，A,B or C?“哪个最哪个最?”Who is the youngest,Jim,Tom or Jenny?Which is the most expensive,a bicycle,a car,or a plane?What do you like better,A .B or C?考点考点5 最高级的用法最高级的用法3one of+the+最高级最高级(形形)+名词名词(复复)+表示范表示范围的短语围的短语“是是当中最当中最之一之一”Shanghai is one of the
18、biggest cities in China.4the+序数词（序数词（second/third)+最高级最高级+表示范围的短语表示范围的短语 “是第是第(二二,三三)最最”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.This is the third most important book that I have ever read.For this months Young World magazine，I interviewed 19 year old Asian pop star Candy Wang.Candy tol
19、d me that she used to be (real）shy and took up singing to deal with her _（shy）.Now shes not shy anymore and enjoys singing in front of crowds.I asked Candy how life was (difference)after she became famous.She explained that there are many well things，like being able to travel and meet new people all
20、 the time.“I didnt use to be popular in school，but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go.”However，too (many)attention can also be a bad thing.“I always have to worry about how I appear to others，and I never dare to be _（care）about what I say or do.And I have much _（little）private time now beca
21、use there are always guards around me.”shynesscarelessless练一练练一练differentreallymuchWhat does Candy have to say to all those young people who want to become famous？“Well，”she begins _（slow），），“you have to be prepared to give up your normal life.You can never imagine how difficulty the road to success
22、ful is.Many times I thought about giving up,but I fought on.You really require a lot of talent and hardly work to succeed.Only a very small number of people make it to the top.”slowly练一练练一练比较级比较级the+比较级比较级 of the two.比较级比较级+than最高级最高级词形构成词形构成原级原级形容词形容词和和副词副词不规则变化不规则变化规则变化规则变化as asvery,quite,so,too,pretty,the+比较级比较级+句子，句子，the+比比较级较级+句子句子the+最高级最高级比较级比较级and 比较级比较级定义及词性转换定义及词性转换课堂小结课堂小结Homework 完成本土攻略精讲本形容词、副词专题p100-101练习。
