1、R八年级下册八年级下册Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?Section A 3a-4cachievement(n.)southwestern(adj.)thick(adj.)include(v.)freezing(adj.)condition(n.)Words Review/tivmnt/sawest(r)n/k/nklud/friz/kndn/成就；成绩成就；成绩西南（方向）的西南（方向）的厚的；浓的厚的；浓的包括；包含包括；包含极冷的；冰冻的极冷的；冰冻的 条件；状况条件；状况succeed(v.)challenge(v.&n.)
2、achieve(v.)force(n.)nature(n.)ocean(n.)/sksid/tlnd/tiv/f(r)s/net(r)/n/成功；实现目标成功；实现目标挑战；考验挑战；考验达到；完成；成功达到；完成；成功力；力量力；力量自然界；大自然自然界；大自然 大海；海洋大海；海洋吸入；吞入（体内）吸入；吞入（体内）面对（问题、困难等）面对（问题、困难等）即使；虽然即使；虽然太平洋太平洋 Phrase Reviewtake in in the face of even though=even if the Pacific Ocean southwesternthickincludefree
3、zingcondition太平洋太平洋吸入，吞入吸入，吞入achievement飞镖游戏：请将投中单词或短飞镖游戏：请将投中单词或短语反应出中文意思或英文表达。语反应出中文意思或英文表达。面对面对achieveforcenatureeven thoughoceansucceedchallengeDo you like mountain climbing?Do you know the most popular places to go for it?Look at the title and the picture of the passage.Predict what will be tal
4、ked about in the passage.People like to climb the Qomolangma.There are many dangers in Qomolangma climbing.Qomolangma the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World?Qomolangma the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World?One of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,and one of the most popular
5、places for this is the Himalayas.The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.Of all the mountains,Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.It is 8,848.86 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb.Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.Even more serious diffi
6、culties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.厚的；浓的厚的；浓的极冷的；冰冻的极冷的；冰冻的条件；状况条件；状况吸入吸入The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29,1953.The first Chinese team did so in 1960,while the first
7、 woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.Why do so many climbers risk their lives?One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.It also shows
8、that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.面对（困难、问题等）面对（困难、问题等）放弃放弃实现梦想实现梦想短语集锦短语集锦 take in challenge oneself in the face of give up achieve ones dream the force of nature3aRead the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas.Spirit of climbersAchievements of climbersFa
9、cts and dangersParagraph 1Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Fast readingTask 1Read paragraph 1 and answer the question.Careful readingWhat might be the dangers of mountain climbing?thick cloudsfreezing weather conditionsheavy snowheavy stormsTask 2Read paragraph 2 and list three achievements.1.1953 Tenzing Norg
10、ay and Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top.2.1960 the first Chinese team reached the top.3.1975 Junko Tabei from Japan was the first woman to reach the top.Task 33cAnswer the questions using information from the article.1.Where are the Himalayas?The Himalayas run along the southwestern pa
11、rt of China.It is 8,848.86 meters high.2.How high is Qomolangma?Task 43.Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous?Because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams and humans can sometimes b
12、e stronger than the forces of nature.4.What does the spirit of the climbers tell us?尽管；虽然相当于尽管；虽然相当于even ifRead paragraphs 1&3 and list four comparisons.one of the most popular placesthe highest and is the most famousstronger than the forces of naturethe most dangerous sports Task 51.Even more serio
13、us difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.(1)include“包括；包含包括；包含”，指整体中包含某个部分。，指整体中包含某个部分。这个价格包括房子和家具。这个价格包括房子和家具。_ both house and furniture.Language pointsThe price includes include作动词，还可意为作动词，还可意为“算在内；列在里面算在内；列在里面”。请把我算在你们组内。请把我算在你们组内。Please include me in your group.拓展拓展 i
14、ncluded作形容词，无比较等级，位于名词或代作形容词，无比较等级，位于名词或代词之后，作词之后，作后置定语后置定语，“包括在内的包括在内的”。包括我在内，房间里有包括我在内，房间里有4名女生。名女生。There are 4 girls in the room,including me.？Do his pets _ the cat?Yes.He has three pet cats _ this one.A.include;include B.include;including C.including;including D.including;include(2)freezing 形容词，
15、形容词，“极冷的；冰冻的极冷的；冰冻的”，=extremely cold freeze 动词，动词，“结冰；结冰；(使使)冻住冻住”过去式过去式过去分词过去分词frozefrozen例：水在例：水在00一下时结冰。一下时结冰。Water freezes below 0.(3)condition作名词，作名词，“条件；状况条件；状况”，既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。常用短语：常用短语：in good condition 状态好；身体好状态好；身体好 out of condition 健康状况不佳健康状况不佳 working/living conditions 工
16、作工作/生活状况生活状况 under conditions 在在情况下情况下1.别担心，你的车状况良好。别担心，你的车状况良好。Dont worry.Your car is _.2.多亏了政府，穷人的生活条件提高了。多亏了政府，穷人的生活条件提高了。Thanks to the government,the poors _ have improved.考一考考一考in good conditionliving conditions Confidence is an important _(条件条件)if you want to achieve success.（江苏苏州中考）（江苏苏州中考）co
17、ndition2.The first Chinese team did so in 1960,while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事成功地做某事。succeed 不及物动词，意为不及物动词，意为“实现目标；成功实现目标；成功”。例：他们会成功解决问题的，因为他们从不放弃。例：他们会成功解决问题的，因为他们从不放弃。Theyll succeed in working out the problem because they never give
18、up.success n.“成功成功”，不可数名词不可数名词 “成功的人成功的人(或事物或事物)”，可数名词，可数名词。例：自信是成功的关键。例：自信是成功的关键。Self-confidence is the key to success.这次演出很成功。这次演出很成功。The show was a big success.拓展拓展3.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.take in 固定短语，意为固定短语，意为“吸入；吞入（体内）吸入；吞入（体内）”例：呼吸一些新鲜空气对我们有好处。例：呼吸一些新鲜空气对我
19、们有好处。Its good for us to take in some fresh air.动词不定式短语作真正的主语动词不定式短语作真正的主语as 引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句拓展拓展与与 take 相关的其他短语：相关的其他短语：take uptake outtake offtake downtake aftertake away开始做；占据开始做；占据去处去处脱掉；起飞脱掉；起飞拆除；记下拆除；记下（外貌或行为）像（外貌或行为）像拿走；拿开拿走；拿开4.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give
20、 up trying to achieve our dreams.achieve“达到；完成；成功达到；完成；成功”，名词是，名词是achievement。常用短语：常用短语：achieve success 取得成功取得成功 achieve ones aim/dream 实现目标实现目标/梦想梦想 achieve表示表示“实现实现”，主要指实现，主要指实现成绩、成绩、目标目标等，其主语是等，其主语是人人。尽你最大的努力实现你的梦想。尽你最大的努力实现你的梦想。achieve,realize 与与 come true辨辨 析析Try your best to _.achieve your dre
21、am realize“实现，意识到实现，意识到”多指意识到某种多指意识到某种道理、规律道理、规律等，主语为等，主语为人人。入学考试通过了，他的梦想实现了。入学考试通过了，他的梦想实现了。He realized his dream when he passed the entrance e true“实现实现”，多指实现，多指实现梦想、蓝图、梦想、蓝图、计划计划等，主语是要实现的梦想、蓝图、计划等。等，主语是要实现的梦想、蓝图、计划等。例：例：他想成为警察的梦想在他的努力下最终实现了。他想成为警察的梦想在他的努力下最终实现了。With his hard work,his dream to be
22、a policeman came true at last.5.One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.(1)除除that外，可以外，可以引导表语从句引导表语从句的词有的词有because,what,who,whom,whose,when,where等。等。表语从句表语从句补充说明补充说明 (2)challenge 在此句中作动词，意为在此句中作动词，意为“挑战；考验挑战；考验”challenge sb.to(do)sth.向某人挑战（做）某事
23、向某人挑战（做）某事例：迈克向我挑战下国际象棋。例：迈克向我挑战下国际象棋。Mike challenged me to a game of chess.拓展：拓展：challenge 作名词（挑战）的常见用法作名词（挑战）的常见用法face a challenge 面临挑战面临挑战meet the challenge of 迎接迎接的挑战的挑战accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战接受挑战mount a challenge 发起挑战发起挑战a challenge to 对对的质疑的质疑 (3)in the face of 意为意为“面对（问题、困难等）面对（问题、困难等
24、）”。例：我们应该学会在面对压力时怎样去挑战我们自己。例：我们应该学会在面对压力时怎样去挑战我们自己。We should learn how to _ ourselves _ pressure.challengein the face of force 在此句中作名词，意为在此句中作名词，意为“力；力量力；力量”the force(s)of 意为意为“的力量的力量”。例：我们用力把门打开了。例：我们用力把门打开了。We used force to open the door.6.It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than t
25、he forces of nature.force 作动词，意为作动词，意为“迫使迫使；强迫强迫”force sb.to do sth.“强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事”例：不要强迫他做家务活。例：不要强迫他做家务活。Dont force him to do chores.拓展拓展Whats the highest mountain in the world?Qomolangma.How high is Qomolangma?Its 8,848.86 meters high.Its higher than any other mountain.Grammar FocusWhich is the
26、deepest salt lake in the world?The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?Yes,I did.Its much older than the US.一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级u 概述：概述：英语中的形容词和副词英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别达事物的等级差别，即，即原级、比较级原级、比较级和和最
27、高级最高级。比较级比较级主要用于主要用于两者之间两者之间作比较作比较。最高级最高级主要用于主要用于三者或三者以上三者或三者以上进行比较。进行比较。u 规则变化规则变化直接直接加加-er 或或-esttall_ long_以以不发音的字母不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接结尾的单词直接加加-r 或或-st以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾结尾，把把y变为变为i，再加再加-er 或或-estnice_heavy_tallertallestlongerlongestnicernicestheavierheaviest重读闭音节重读闭音节（末尾只有一个辅音字母末尾只有一个辅音字母）双写辅音字母双写辅音字母再加
28、再加-er或或-est部分双音节词和多音节词部分双音节词和多音节词 分别在原级前加分别在原级前加more构成比较级和构成比较级和most构成最高级构成最高级 big_slowly_beautiful_biggerbiggestmore slowlymost slowlymore beautifulmost beautiful原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good/wellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolder/elderoldest/eldestfarfarther(更远更远)/further(进一步的进
29、一步的)farthest/furthestu 不规则变化不规则变化（1）在形容词最高级前通常用）在形容词最高级前通常用the，在副词最高，在副词最高 级前可用级前可用the，也可省略。，也可省略。（2）比较级前常用的修饰语有）比较级前常用的修饰语有 far，even，a lot，a bit，much等。等。u 使用比较等级应注意的几点：使用比较等级应注意的几点：二、二、大数字的大数字的表达与读表达与读法法u 1000以上的基数词的表示法：以上的基数词的表示法：先从右至左数，每三位数加一个逗先从右至左数，每三位数加一个逗号号（即以（即以 此把数目分为若干段）。此把数目分为若干段）。第一个逗第一个
30、逗号号前前的数为的数为 thousand（千）（千）；第二个逗第二个逗号号前前的数为的数为 million（百万）（百万）；第三第三个个逗逗号号前前的数为的数为 billion（十亿）（十亿）。9,883 nine thousand,eight hundred and eighty-three65,359sixty-five thousand,three hundred and fifty-nine265,468two hundred and sixty-five thousand,four hundred and sixty-eight60,263,150 sixty million,two
31、 hundred and sixty-three thousand,one hundred and fifty1.英语没有英语没有“万万”这个单位，要表示这个单位，要表示“万万”须须 借用借用 thousand，如，如“一万一万”用用“十个千十个千 （ten thousand）”表示，表示，“十万十万”用用“百个千百个千 （one hundred thousand）”表示。表示。2.在在hundred后通常加上后通常加上连词连词and。若读数中。若读数中百位百位 数为数为0，则在，则在thousand后加后加and。u注意注意：1.Of the two physics problems,Mar
32、tha just finished _ one.A.the most difficult B.the least difficult C.the less difficult练一练练一练2.Home is _ place wherever you go.East or west,home is the best.A.warm B.warmer C.warmest D.the warmest3.Tea is one of _ drinks in the world.A.more popular B.the more popular C.most popular D.the most popula
33、r4.The number“23,456”can be read as“_”.A.Twenty-three thousand,four hundred and fifty-six B.Twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-six C.two three thousand and four five six D.two three thousand,four and five six4aFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.big much popul
34、ar long old high1.The Amazon River is one of the _ rivers in the world.Its a little _ than the Yangtze River.longestlonger2.Qomolangma is 8,848.86 meters _.Its one of the most _ places for serious mountain climbers.3.No ocean in the world is as _ as the Pacific Ocean.4.Although Japan is _ than Canad
35、a,it is _ smaller.highpopularbigoldermuchbig much popular long old high4bWrite two comparisons about two topics.Write true facts.Two rivers:_ and _the Yangtze Riverthe Amazon RiverThe Amazon is longer than the Yangtze,but the Yangtze is the longest river in China.The Yangtze River is almost as long
36、as the Amazon River.Two cities:_ and _1._.2._ _.Shanghai SydneyShanghai is as modern as SydneyShanghai is much smaller than Sydney.Sydney isalmost 2 times as big as ShanghaiTwo animals:_ and _1._.2._ _.a fishA shark is bigger than a fish.A fish is smaller than a shark.A shark eats more than a fish.a
37、 shark4cWrite five questions using comparisons.Then ask your partner your questions.1._2._3._4._5._What is the highest building in our city?What is the biggest supermarket in our city?Who is the tallest student in our class?Who is the shortest student in our class?Who sings the best in our class?Key
38、 words:achievement include freezing condition succeed achieve challenge force Phrases:take in challenge oneself in the face of the power of nature achieve ones dream even thoughSentences:1.Of all the mountains,Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.2.One of the main reasons is that peop
39、le want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.3.It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。1.He is happy with his _(achieve).2.The _(force)of rainstorm made the windows broken.achievementforcesExercise 3.After she w
40、orked hard at it for three hours,she _(successful)in solving the problem.4.Everyone should drive more carefully in the _(freeze)weather.succeededfreezing1.Fish take _ oxygen through their gills.A.up B.into C.in D.for2.There are so _ toys in the shop that I cant decide which to buy.A.such B.many C.mo
41、re D.that二、单项选择。二、单项选择。3.The policeman showed great bravery _ danger.A.in the face B.in the front of C.in the face of D.before4.It is said that it is _ today as yesterday.Shall we go skating this afternoon?A.the hottest B.as hot C.hottest D.hotter5.Shanghai is bigger than _ in Japan.A.any other city B.all the other cities C.any city D.the other cities6.She looks _ than she does.A.the more older B.very older C.much older D.more older
