1、R八年级下册八年级下册Section A 3a-4cUnit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.New wordsadj.地位（或职位、级别）低下地位（或职位、级别）低下v.清理；清除清理；清除n.卧室卧室v.拥有；有拥有；有n.铁路；铁道铁路；铁道juniorclearbedroomownrailwayv.离开；分开离开；分开adj.某种；某事；某人某种；某事；某人adj.诚实的；老实的诚实的；老实的n.一段时间；一会一段时间；一会adj.诚实的，真实的诚实的，真实的n.家乡；故乡家乡；故乡partcertainhonestwhiletruthfulh
2、ometowncertainbedroompartjuniorrailwayclearownhonesttruthfulwhilehometownLets readNew phrasesjunior high schoolclear outno longerpart withas forto be honest初级中学初级中学清理；丢掉清理；丢掉不再；不复不再；不复放弃、交出放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西尤指不舍得的东西)至于；关于至于；关于说实在的说实在的What are these people doing?Get permission.How to have a yard sale?Ask
3、 your family to find things they no longer want.Clear out your bedrooms.Decide a date and a time for the sale.Make about ten posters.Prepare for the yard sale.Be friendlyOn the dayReviewYoure going to have a yard sale.Collect all your old things and think about:1)Which one will you give away?Why?2)W
4、hich one will you keep?Why?A father and his family are going to sell at the yard sale.Lets read the article in 3a to know more about it.3aRead the article written by a father for a newspaper.What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?They are going to sell old toys and football shirts at the
5、yard sale.My children are growing up fast.My daughter is 16 and my boy is already in junior high school.As they get bigger,our house seems to get smaller.So we want to sell some of our things in a yard sale and give the money to a childrens home.初中初中长大长大显得越来越小显得越来越小Fast readingtime,he still wanted t
6、o keep them.For example,he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday,We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.My son was quite sad at first.Although he has not played with his old toys for a long清除清
7、除不再不再例如例如and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.And he did not want to lose his toy monkey,either.He slept next to the monkey every night when he was a child.My daughter was more understanding,although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.通情达理的通情达理的交出某些玩具交出某些玩具part w
8、ith 放弃放弃、交出交出(=give up)e.g.Dont part with your dream.不要放弃你的梦想。不要放弃你的梦想。As for me,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but,to be honest,I have not played for a while now.I am getting older,too!至于；关于至于；关于说实在的说实在的=to tell the truthRead again and write T for true and F for false.()1.The daughter
9、 is 16 and the boy is already in senior high school.()2.They have decided to each sell five things that they no longer use.()3.The son agreed to lose his toy monkey.()4.The daughter was sad to part with certain toys.FTFTRead the article again and answer the questions.1.Why did they decide to have a
10、yard sale?2.What do they want to do with the money from the sale?They want to give the money to a childrens home.They decided to have a yard sale because they have too many things in the house and dont seem to have enough space.处理；应付处理；应付3b3.Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?4.
11、How can the old toys be useful again?He wants to keep his train and railway set because he has had it since his fourth birthday and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.Old toys can bring joy to children who dont have the money to buy toys.5.Have you ever thought about having
12、 a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do with the money you raise?Yes,I have.I would give the money I raise to my favorite animal shelter to help the animals there.Find the words or phrases in the article which can be replaced with the ones below and write them next to the words.lose part
13、with kids _truthful _ many _some time _ even though _quickly _ older _childrenhonesta lot ofa whilealthoughfastgrowing up3cThe authors family is going to have a _.They decided to sell things they _ and gave the _ to a childrens home.At the beginning,his son was sad,because he has owned the train and
14、 railway set since his _.yard saleno longer usemoneyfourth birthdayCareful reading and then retell the article.And he did not want to lose his _,either.His daughter was more _,although she also felt sad to _ certain toys.The author will give up his _ because he hasnt played _.understandingpart withf
15、ootball shirtsfor a whiletoy monkeyclear在此句中作动词，意为在此句中作动词，意为“清理；清除清理；清除”。clear out意为意为“清理；丢掉清理；丢掉”，是固定短语。，是固定短语。翻译：让我们清理一下房间里的这些旧书，并将它翻译：让我们清理一下房间里的这些旧书，并将它 们送给需要的孩子们吧。们送给需要的孩子们吧。Lets clear out these old books from the room and give them to the children in need.1.We have already cleared out a lot of
16、 things from our bedrooms.Language points【拓展拓展】clear还可作形容词，意为还可作形容词，意为“清楚易懂清楚易懂的；清澈的；晴朗的的；清澈的；晴朗的”。翻译：今天天气晴朗。为了举行一个成功的庭院翻译：今天天气晴朗。为了举行一个成功的庭院 拍卖会，让我们来清理院子吧拍卖会，让我们来清理院子吧!It is clear today.Lets clear the yard in order to have a successful yard sale.2.We have decided to each sell five things that we no
17、 longer use.(1)decide作动词意为作动词意为“决定；选定决定；选定”。常用结构：常用结构：decide to do sth.决定去做某事决定去做某事 否定形式：否定形式：decide not to do sth.决定不去某事决定不去某事 例：他决定不去那儿了。例：他决定不去那儿了。He decided not to go there.固定搭配固定搭配 decide+that 从句从句decide+疑问词疑问词+to do sth.decide on sb.to do sth.决定让某人做某事决定让某人做某事decide against doing so/decide not
18、to do so.决定不这么做决定不这么做Mr.Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided_ his own restaurant.A.open B.openedC.to open D.opening【典例剖析典例剖析】(2)no longer 是一个表示时间的状语，同义短语：是一个表示时间的状语，同义短语：not any longer 例：他再也不住在这了。例：他再也不住在这了。He no longer lives here.He doesnt live here any longer.和和延续性动词延续性动词连用。通常放在行为动词的前面；连用。通常
19、放在行为动词的前面；和和 be 动词动词连用时，放在系动词后面；连用时，放在系动词后面；辨析：辨析：no longer 与与 no moreno moreno longer相当于相当于not any more，意为，意为“不再不再”，表示动作不再出现，常用来指表示动作不再出现，常用来指次数上不次数上不再重复再重复，通常，通常与非延续性动词与非延续性动词连用。连用。相当于相当于not any longer，意为，意为“不再不再”。常用来指。常用来指时间上不再延时间上不再延续续，多，多与延续性动词与延续性动词连用。连用。1.这位农民不再种果树了。这位农民不再种果树了。2.他不再喝酒了。他不再喝酒了
20、。no longer(时间不延续时间不延续)no more(动作不再出现动作不再出现)1.The farmer no more plants fruit trees.=The farmer doesnt plant fruit trees any more.2.He no longer drinks wine.=He doesnt drink wine any longer.Translate the following sentences.3.For example,he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday,
21、and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.own在此句中作动词，意为在此句中作动词，意为“拥有；有拥有；有”，相当于相当于have。例：例：约翰很富有，他拥有一个小岛。约翰很富有，他拥有一个小岛。John is rich and he owns an island.【拓展拓展】(1)own还可作形容词，意为还可作形容词，意为“自己的自己的”。一般。一般 位于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后，位于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后，以加强语气。以加强语气。例：你有你自己的房间吗例：你有你自己的房间吗?Do yo
22、u have your own room?(2)of ones own意为意为“属于某人自己的属于某人自己的”；on ones own意为意为“单独地；独自地单独地；独自地”，相当于相当于 alone。例：她有属于自己的轮船。例：她有属于自己的轮船。She has a ship of her own.(3)owner作名词，意为作名词，意为“物主；主人物主；主人”。例：房子的主人很勤快，他总是让房子保持干例：房子的主人很勤快，他总是让房子保持干 净整洁。净整洁。The owner of the house is hard-working and he always keeps it clean
23、 and tidy.Grammar FocusHow long has his son owned the train and railway set?How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.Have you ever played football?Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.Yes,I did when I was little,but I havent played for a while now.现在完成时现在完成时未完成用法未完成用法“
24、未完成未完成”句式句式延续性动词与延续性动词与非延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动延续性动词词非延续性动非延续性动词转化方法词转化方法现在完成时（三）现在完成时（三）1.1.现在完成时的现在完成时的“未完成用法未完成用法”。现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成用法未完成用法”。此时常与。此时常与 for 或或 since 引导的引导的时间状语时间状语(从句从句)连用。连用。“未完成未完成”的句式：的句式：（1）现在完成时）现在完成时+for+一段时间一段时间 例：
25、我好久没有见到她了。例：我好久没有见到她了。I havent seen her for a long time.（2）现在完成时）现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点表示过去的时间点 例：自例：自1984年以来，史密斯先生就在这里工作。年以来，史密斯先生就在这里工作。Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984.（3）现在完成时）现在完成时+since+从句从句 例：自上大学以来他学了大约例：自上大学以来他学了大约5000个英语单词。个英语单词。He has learned about 5000 English words since he went to col
26、lege.谓语动词用延续性动词，可以用谓语动词用延续性动词，可以用how long提问。提问。2.2.延续性动词与非延续性动词延续性动词与非延续性动词(1)(1)延续性动词表示延续性动词表示经验、经历；经验、经历；非延续性动词表示非延续性动词表示行为的结果。行为的结果。非延续动词非延续动词不能不能与表示与表示一段时间一段时间的状语连用。的状语连用。有些非延续性动词可以有些非延续性动词可以用延续性动词替换用延续性动词替换并用在并用在现在完成时中。现在完成时中。(2)在现在完成时的句子中，若含有在现在完成时的句子中，若含有for或或since引导引导的时间状语，则句中谓语一定要用延续性动词。的时间
27、状语，则句中谓语一定要用延续性动词。非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法有：非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法有：begin(start)(开始开始)go there(去哪里去哪里)come back(回来回来)come here(来这里来这里)将非延续性动词转化为将非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词形容词或副词”：be onbe therebe backbe hereopenclosediemarryfinish go to bed leave be openbe closedbe deadbe marriedbe overbe in bed be awayreturn get out f
28、all asleep lose fall ill get(arrive,reach)join(become)be backbe out be asleepbe lostbe ill be in/atbe in/be a member of有的非延续性动词可以转化为意思相同的延有的非延续性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词：续性动词：borrow keep(借借)become be(成为成为)receive have(收到收到)go to sleep sleep(睡觉睡觉)(穿穿)put on(认识认识)get to know(买买)buy(感冒感冒)catch a coldwear/be on
29、knowhave(own)have a cold 广西梧州中考广西梧州中考Millie _ in this factory since 1990.A.works B.worked C.has worked D.have worked练一练练一练湖南湘潭中考湖南湘潭中考My cousin _ 100 model planes since 2015.A.collects B.collecting C.has collected D.have collected湖北黄冈中考湖北黄冈中考Your new watch is so nice!When did you buy it?In April.I _
30、 it for two months.A.have had B.had C.have bought D.bought上海中考上海中考The film Operation Red Sea _ a lot of praise since its first show months ago.A.wins B.win C.will win D.has won湖北武汉中考湖北武汉中考Do you still play basketball?Oh,no.I _ it for the past two years.A.havent played B.didnt play C.wont play D.hadn
31、t played1.Jim is in Japan.He arrived there three days ago.2.They are very hungry.Their last meal was ten hours ago.4aRewrite the sentences using for or since.Jim has been in Japan for three days.They have not eaten for ten hours.3.I have a camera.I bought it in 2009.4.I know Anna.I first met her thr
32、ee years ago.5.Linda is ill.She became ill on Monday.I have had a camera since 2009.I have known Anna for three years/since three years ago.Linda has been ill since Monday.4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.1.I _(never be)to the water park before.I want to _(go)next
33、 month before the weather gets too cold.2.They _(never own)any pets,but they _(always want)to have a dog.have never beengohave never ownedhave always wanted3.We _(have)a piano since last November.We _(buy)it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.have hadbought4.Cathy and Amy _(not b
34、e)back to their hometown for two years.They _(miss)their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.5.This museum _(be)here for over 20 years.It _(be)one of the oldest buildings in this small town.havent beenmisshas beenis4cFill in the questions and ask two students.Then complete the chart
35、.1.Do you have a(n)_?How long have you had it?2.Do you own a(n)_?How long have you owned it?ThingsHow longTonyfavorite bookfor two yearsbasketballsince he was 10 years oldStudent 1Student 2SummaryWords:own v.拥有；有拥有；有 owner n.主人主人certain adj.某种；某事；某人某种；某事；某人certainly adv.当然；行；肯定当然；行；肯定truth n.事实；实情事实
36、；实情truthful adj.诚实的；真实的诚实的；真实的Phrases:clear out 清理；丢掉清理；丢掉 no longer 不再；不复不再；不复 decide(not)to do sth.决定（不）去某事决定（不）去某事 Sentences:1.We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.2.Although he has not played with his old toys for a long time,he still wanted to keep them.3.My daughter w
37、as more understanding,although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.Exercise一、单项选择一、单项选择1._ movie,the boy likes the action movies best.A.As for B.Thanks to C.Instead of D.Such as对于对于来说来说多亏多亏代替代替例如例如2.The boy _ a new car.That means its _ new car.A.owner;his own B.owns;own his C.owns;his own D.
38、owner;own his3.When will your sister go to England?She _ London since four months ago.A.went to B.has gone to C.has been to D.has been in4.The toy bear is the little girls favorite toy.She doesnt want to _ it.A.come up with B.agree with C.get on with D.part with5.So much rubbish in the room.Please _
39、 it _.A.come;out B.clear;out C.put;out D.go;out二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1.我不想交出我的玩具。我不想交出我的玩具。I dont want to _ _ my toys.2.妈妈已经从房间里清理出了一些旧东西。妈妈已经从房间里清理出了一些旧东西。Mom _ already _ _ some old things from the room.part withhas cleared out3.我已经在那所中学里踢了一段时间的足球。我已经在那所中学里踢了一段时间的足球。I have played soccer _ _ _ in the _ high school.4.说实话，我才刚刚到这儿。说实话，我才刚刚到这儿。_ _ _,I _ just _ _.5.至于我，不再用这些旧东西了。至于我，不再用这些旧东西了。_ _ me,I _ _ use these old things.for a whilejuniorTo be honest have been hereAs for no longer
