1、(Attributive clause)学习目标学习目标;1 弄清楚什么是弄清楚什么是定语定语。2什么是什么是定语从句定语从句，分类，结构分类，结构，关系代词关系代词与关系副词及特殊用法与关系副词及特殊用法,复合句与简单词合复合句与简单词合成和分解成和分解3 提高学生写作和阅读能力。提高学生写作和阅读能力。1 定语定语:2定语从句；定语从句；3定语从句定语从句分分2类，类，4定语从句定语从句结构，结构，5定语从句定语从句关系代词关系代词5个：个：6 that,which,who,whom特殊用法特殊用法学习目标，笔记分类学习目标，笔记分类smooth music1形容词形容词(的的)，作定语，
2、放于名词前，叫，作定语，放于名词前，叫前置定语前置定语舒缓的舒缓的什么是什么是定语定语(attribute)?1 放于放于名词（或代词）前，名词（或代词）前，或后，说明限定被修饰词或后，说明限定被修饰词2意思为意思为:的的,my book我的我的the doors of the classroomthe food in Songzi松滋的松滋的食物食物教室的教室的门门2 介词短语，介词短语，作定语，作定语，(的的)，放于名词后，叫，放于名词后，叫后后置定语。置定语。the boys mother男孩的男孩的the expressions on his facea student from Cl
3、ass Onethe way to Beijing在他脸上的在他脸上的表情表情来自一班的来自一班的学生学生去北京的去北京的路路2 介词短语，介词短语，作定语，作定语，(的的)，放于名词后，叫，放于名词后，叫后后置定语。置定语。3 动词短语，动词短语，作定语，作定语，(的的)，放于名词后，叫，放于名词后，叫后后置定语置定语。(变形为现在分词，过去分词，动词不定式变形为现在分词，过去分词，动词不定式)the boy_(smile)at youthe book _(write)by Lu Xun朝你微笑的朝你微笑的那个男孩那个男孩鲁迅写的鲁迅写的那本书那本书吃的吃的东西东西something_(ea
4、t)smilingwrittento eatTom likes the music that is not too loudI like the music that I can dance to.汤姆喜欢汤姆喜欢声音不大的声音不大的音乐。音乐。我喜欢我喜欢我能随着跳舞的我能随着跳舞的音乐音乐4 句子，句子，作定语，作定语，(的的)，放于名词或代词后，叫，放于名词或代词后，叫定语从句定语从句.1概念概念:(Attributive clause)2分类分类：1 Abing was a folk musician,who played the Erhu very well.阿炳是一个民间音乐家，拉
5、二胡拉的非常好。阿炳是一个民间音乐家，拉二胡拉的非常好。2 She found the book,which Tom sent her.她找到了那本书，汤姆送给她的她找到了那本书，汤姆送给她的非限定性定语从句，非限定性定语从句，与被修饰的词之间，用逗与被修饰的词之间，用逗号隔开，不能用号隔开，不能用that 做关系代词，只能用做关系代词，只能用which，who.（表示补充说明）（表示补充说明）1 限定性定语从句，限定性定语从句，2非限定性非限定性.在在复合句复合句中修饰中修饰名词或代词名词或代词的的句子句子.Li Yan is the girl with long hair.Li Yan i
6、s the girl who has long hair.复合句复合句:从句从句限定性定语从句限定性定语从句，(的的)，放于名词或代词后，放于名词或代词后，（表选择上，必不可少）（表选择上，必不可少）Who is Li Yan?主句主句简单句：简单句：先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Li Yan is a girl who has long hair.关系关系代词代词关系副词关系副词(人人)who,that，whom,(物物)which,that whose（某人（某人/物的）物的）when,时间时间 where,地点地点 why原因原因结构：结构：先行词先行词+关系代词关系代词 +从
7、句子从句子结构：结构：先行词先行词+关系代词关系代词5个个 +从句从句关系代词：关系代词：指物：指物：which,that （无单独的中文意思）（无单独的中文意思）指人：指人：who，that,whom(宾格宾格)（无单独的中文意思）（无单独的中文意思）指物的指物的,指人的；指人的；whose（某人的（某人的/某物的某物的+物物/人人）关系代词在从句中关系代词在从句中:1 做主语做主语,放于从句句首，放于从句句首，2做宾语做宾语,放于从句动词（词组）之后放于从句动词（词组）之后Mary is a girl.The girl often helps others.合并为一个带有定合并为一个带有定
8、语从句的复合句子语从句的复合句子Mary is a girl who/that often helps others.who/that作主语作主语Who/that Who/that 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语做主语不可以省略做主语不可以省略,不能用不能用whomwhom人：人：who/that 1代替代替2 粘贴。粘贴。She likes singers.Singers sing the words clearly.合并为一个带有定合并为一个带有定语从句的复合句子语从句的复合句子She likes singers who/that sing the words clearly.who/t
9、hat作主语作主语Who/that 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语做主语不可以省略做主语不可以省略.不能用不能用whomwho/that=前面的被修饰的名词前面的被修饰的名词She likes bands.Bands play different kinds of music.She likes bands that play different kinds of music.连词后没主语，连词后没主语，(作主语作主语)分解成为分解成为2 2个简单句个简单句 The woman（whom/who/that）Tom is talking with is a doctor.The woman i
10、s a doctor.Tom is talking with the woman.作宾语作宾语,whom,whom合并为一个带有定语从句的复合句子合并为一个带有定语从句的复合句子人：人：whom/who/that 1代替代替2 提到句首。提到句首。作宾语（可省略）作宾语（可省略）The woman with whom Tom is talking is a doctor.whom 做从句宾语,用法who/whom/that 1代替代替2 提到句首（提到句首（作作宾语，宾语，还可省略）还可省略）The man is a thief.The police caught the man.The ma
11、n(who/whom/that)the police caught is a thief.(作宾语）作宾语）作宾语作宾语,whom The boy whom Im looking for is my friend.The boy is my friend.Im looking for the boy.连词后有主语，作动词宾语连词后有主语，作动词宾语who/whom/that=前面的被修饰的名词前面的被修饰的名词分解成为分解成为2 2个简单句个简单句Ann prefers movies.Movies can cheer her up.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Ann prefers movie
12、s which/that can cheer her up.安更喜欢安更喜欢使她振作的使她振作的电影电影which/that 1物，物，找代词找代词which/that代代替相同部分的名词，替相同部分的名词，2 粘粘贴到第一个句子上贴到第一个句子上which/that 作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)which/that 作宾语作宾语：（可省略）可省略）Listen and circle the questions.You hear the questions.Listen and circle the questions which/that you hear.听并圈出听并圈出你所听到的你所听
13、到的问题问题。合并为一个合并为一个带定语从句的复合句带定语从句的复合句1物，物，找代词找代词which,that 代替相同部分的代替相同部分的名词，名词，2 粘贴到第一个句子上，粘贴到第一个句子上，which/that 作宾语作宾语 I like music.I can sing along with the music.分解为分解为2个句子个句子I like music that I can sing along with.which/that =前面被修饰的词，前面被修饰的词，作宾语作宾语1.The piece which was played on the erhu especially
14、 moved me.用二胡演奏的用二胡演奏的那首乐曲那首乐曲尤其使我感动尤其使我感动。The piece especially moved me.The piece was played on the erhu.分解为分解为2个句子个句子which/that =前面被修饰的词。前面被修饰的词。The boy is my cousin.The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my cousin.whose,的的,作定语作定语,表示所属关系表示所属关系。whose男孩子的男孩子的合并为一个合并为一个
15、带定语从句的复合句带定语从句的复合句他的父亲是一位警察的他的父亲是一位警察的那个男孩那个男孩是我的表是我的表哥。哥。whose,的的,作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。Tom likes the house.The doors of the house face the south.Tom likes the house whose doors face the south.whose房子的房子的汤姆喜欢汤姆喜欢房子的门面向南方的房子的门面向南方的房子。房子。I know the girl whose mother sells fruit.分解分解I know the girl.The
16、 girls mother sells fruit.作定语作定语whose,的的,作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。我认识我认识她的妈妈卖水果的她的妈妈卖水果的那个女孩那个女孩The boy _ legs were hurt in the car accident is Mike.A.who B.whose C.whos D.whichBIm reading books that _(be)about Bill.He is a teacher who_(teach)us Chinese.I dont like the man who _(be)smoking.用括号里的词的正确形式填空
17、用括号里的词的正确形式填空He is the policeman who _(save)the boy yesterday.areteachesissaved用用5个个关系代词关系代词who,whom,that，which,whose填空填空 The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.I hate people _ talk much but do little.The car _ my father bought last month
18、is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that做主语做主语,从句句首从句句首做宾语做宾语,放于从句动词放于从句动词（词组）之后（词组）之后1.The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.2.Is there a student _ father is a business man?3.This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.4.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked
19、 about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.1先行词为先行词为物物,介词介词后只能用后只能用which,不能用不能用that1 This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.which 2 What is that_ is put in the bag?.which 2先行词为先行词为that,后只能用后只能用which,不能用不能用that填关系代词填关系代词先行词为先行词为人人,介词介词只能用只能用whom，不能用不能用who,that1 I dont know
20、 the boy _ Mr.Li is talking with.2 I dont know the boy with_ Mr,Li is talking who/that/whom whom 填关系代词填关系代词先行词为先行词为人人,先行词为先行词为those只能用只能用who，不能用不能用whom,thatWe like those _always bring people hope and power.我们喜欢那些总给人们带来希望和能量的人who有时只能用有时只能用 that,不用不用 which,who常见的情况有常见的情况有5种：种：They talked about the peo
21、ple and things _ they saw.他们谈论他们所看见的人和事物that1 当先行词是当先行词是人和物人和物，关系代词只能用，关系代词只能用that.1.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?2.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.2 当主句是当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问引导的特殊疑问句句，关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that.thatthat1.This is the first movie _ he has seen since he came here.2.
22、Erque yingyue is the best music_ I have listened to.thatthat3当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.1 Thats the only thing _ I can do now.2 These are the very words _ he used.thatthat4 当先行词有当先行词有the very,the only,the same等修饰时等修饰时,关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that.Say all _ you know.Is there anything _ I can do for y
23、ou?He has little money _he can lend to you.thatthat5 当先行词中出现当先行词中出现 all,any,few,little,none,something,anything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,no one 等不定代词时，等不定代词时，只能用只能用that.that1 定语定语:2定语从句；定语从句；3分分2类，类，4 结构，结构，5 关系代词：关系代词：6特殊用法特殊用法that,which,Who,whom放于名词（或代词）放于名词（或代词）前，或前，或后后，说明限定说明限定被修饰词被修饰词在在
24、复合句复合句中修饰中修饰名词或代词名词或代词的的句子句子.1限定性，限定性，2非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句先行词先行词+关系词关系词 +从句从句(人人)who,that whom,(物物)which,that whose（某人（某人/物的）物的）Summary 小结小结完成句子：完成句子：1 The wind _ also blew over me.我吹过你吹的风，（我吹过你吹的风，（blow）2 Is it like a hug _?那算不算相拥那算不算相拥(have).3 I walked the way_我走过你走过的路我走过你走过的路(walk)，4 Is it like a me
25、eting_?那算不算相逢。（那算不算相逢。（have）that blew over youthat we havethat you walked.that we have完成句子：完成句子：1 Mike likes the writer_麦克喜欢解释事情清楚地作家麦克喜欢解释事情清楚地作家(explain).2 Ben prefers movies_本更喜欢使他放松的电影。（本更喜欢使他放松的电影。（make）3 Alice loves the songs_爱丽丝喜爱使她振作的歌曲。（爱丽丝喜爱使她振作的歌曲。（cheer）4 We hate the people_我们讨厌哪些对我们做恶作剧
26、的人们（我们讨厌哪些对我们做恶作剧的人们（play）who explains the thing clearly.which make him relaxed.that cheer her up.who play tricks on us.关系副词关系副词3个：在从句中做个：在从句中做状语状语when，时间，时间where，地点，地点why，原因，原因先行词先行词+关系副词关系副词 +从句从句结构：结构：when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day when she was married.When=介词介词 +which She will nev
27、er forget the day.She was married on that day(=on which)被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示时间时间的词：的词：the day(on which=when)when 作时间状语作时间状语:It was the year.We moved to Beijing in the year.It was the year when we moved to Beijing.when=介词介词 +which (in which=when)被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示时间时间的词：的词：the year=in which被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示
28、时间时间的词：的词：the year/month/day/season/time when 作时间状语作时间状语:Do you know the season when people grow potatoes?When=介词介词 +which Do you know the season？People grow potatoes in the season。被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示时间时间的词：的词：the seasonwhere 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the village.He was born in the village.I want to kno
29、w the village where he was born.where =介词介词 +whichin which=where(=in which)被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示地点地点的词：的词：the villagewhere 作地点状语作地点状语The table is from England.Tom is sitting at the table.The table where Tom is sitting is from England.where =介词介词 +whichat which=where(=at which)被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示地点地点的词：的词：th
30、e table被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示地点地点的词：的词：the table/village/town/city/country/hospitalwhere 作地点状语作地点状语This is the building.We take classes in the building.This is the building where we take classes.where =介词介词 +which被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示地点地点的词：的词：the buildingwhere 作地点状语作地点状语Tell me the office Mr.Li works in the o
31、ffice.Tell me the office where Mr.Li works.where =介词介词 +which被修饰的词是表示被修饰的词是表示地点地点的词：的词：the buildingwhy 作原因状语作原因状语,其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.Can you tell me the reason why you were late for school？I dont know the reason why he beat his son.Exercise1.October 1 is the day _ we celebrate our National Day
32、 A which B.when C.that D.on that2.Is that the reason _ you changed the plan?A which B.what C.why D.for that B.C.1.Is this the place _ they found the gold?A.which B.where C.what D.that 2.Is this the place _ some visitors like?A.that B.where C.what D.whyB.A.特别注意:表示时间,地点,原因的先行词，如果在从句中,就是主语或动词词组后的宾语，那么仍
33、然用which/that3.The house _ Tom lives is near the park.A.which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ Tom bought two years ago is near the park.A.which B.where C.what D.whyB.B.特别注意:表示时间,地点,原因的先行词，如果在从句中,就是主语或动词词组后的宾语，那么仍然用which/that 5.He told her the reason_ he is unhappy,but she doesnt believe the reaso
34、n _ he gives her.A.why;why B.why;which C.that;why D.which;whyB.特别注意:表示时间,地点,原因的先行词，如果在从句中,就是主语或动词词组后的宾语，那么仍然用which/that1.This is the museumwas built last ycar.2.Lets find a place _we can have a picnic.3.I have many friends toI am going to send postcards.4.Do you know the girl_Japanese is excellent?5
35、.The picturewe are studying was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student.whichwherewhowhosethat选词填空:who,whom,that,which whose,when.where,why 1.This is Mo Yans book_Ive ever read.2.Do you know the date_Lincoln was born?3.This is the hotelthey stayed last month.4.Jamie is a cook_wants to improve cooking sk
36、ills 5.The whole world fought against COVID-19,a diseasehas caused many deaths.6.Ill never forget the dayI joined the League.whichwhenwherewhowhichwhen1.We dont know the reasonhe didnt come in time.2 I like the housewindows face south.3.Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plane.4.I still remember the dayI first came to the school.5.The placeinterested me most was the Childrens Palace.whywhosewhywhenthat
