1、?中考语法形容词&副词2016年2016年2016年形容词形容词adjectiveadjective副词副词adverbadverb原级、比较级和最高级原级、比较级和最高级010102020303CONTENT1形容词 分类 位置 词性转换1.The sweater is very beautiful.(表语)2.I have a busy day.(定语）3.We keep/make our classroom clean.(宾补)4.At last I got home,tired and hungry.(状语，位于句尾或句首)Point out the Point out the adj
2、ectives adjectives in the following in the following sentences.sentences.beautifulbusycleantired and hungry形容词是用以说明名词、代词所表示的人或事物的特征、性质。形容词在句中可以做定语、表语、补语和状语。1.The sweater is very beautiful.(表语)2.I have a busy day.(定语）3.We keep/make our classroom clean.(宾补)4.At last I got home,tired and hungry.(状语，位于句
3、尾或句首)只能做表语1.以a开头的形容词afraid,alike,alone,awake2.某些过去分词：drunk,gone3.某些形容词：well(健康的),unable,upsetI dont feel well.Babies are afraid of darkness.易错点：表语形容词前面不能用very分类 表语表语1 1只能作定语main,only,former,latter,chief,mere,inner等 3 32 2定表皆可大多数形容词属于此类This is a beautiful picture.=This picture is beautiful.位置1 12 2修饰
4、名词，放在名词前后置1.修饰由no,some,any,every 构成的复合不定代词时,放在被修饰词之后2.在指示代词this,that,these,those之后3.表度量的名词后 three years old,five feet wide two miles long,four feet highTheres something wrong with my bike.Among those invited were some young men.I am three years old.I am a three-year-old girl.词性转换 N+-y(尤其天气)rainrainy
5、,cloudcloudysunsunny,funfunnyhealthhealthy,lucklucky 抽象名词+-ful carecareful,useusefulthankthankful,helphelpful,beautybeautifulN+-less成否定意形容词carecareless,useuseless hopehopeless,homehomeless国家+-ese/-ish/-nChinaChinese BritainBritishIndiaIndianN+-enwoodwoodengoldgolden某些以-ence结尾的改成entdifferencedifferen
6、tsilencesilent名词 形容词12345练习练习 142.I usually play with my little sister at home on _ days.(rain)16温州54.“My Dad is a hero!”It is obvious that Lydia is _of her father.(pride).19温州 rainyproud2副词副词1.The train runs fast.(修饰动词）2.She has been badly ill these days.（修饰形容词)3.She studies very hard.(修饰副词)4.Lucki
7、ly,he passed the final exams.（修饰句子）5.The shop is right on your left.（修饰介词）Point out the Point out the adverbs adverbs in the following in the following sentences.sentences.runs fastbadly illvery hardLuckilyright 副词是用来说明动作或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词。分类时间副词now,usually,often,always,sometimes 地点/方位副词here,th
8、ere,outeverywhere方式副词carefully,well fast,slowly程度副词very,much,quite almost,hardly疑问副词when,where,how,why连接副词whether,when,how,where,whythen,so,therefore,still,however1 12 25 54 46 63 3功能1 13 32 2作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子。1.The train runs fast.(修饰动词）2.She has been badly ill these days.（修饰形容词)3.She studie
9、s very hard.(修饰副词)4.The shop is right on your left.（修饰介词）5.Luckily,he passed the final exams.（修饰句子）作表语很多作表语的副词是表示地点或方位,如in,out,inside,down,back,outside,away1.You must be away now.2.He is abroad.3.What time is he supposed to be back?作定语1.The students there are from Beijing.2.I met an old friend on my
10、 way home.3.China today has developed greatly.位置1 1 修饰动词时：1.在句末，方式 地点 时间Harry worked well here yesterday.2.在句首，强调或修饰全句 often does he work very late.3.行为动词之前；be动词、情态动词、助动词之后(多为频率、程度副词)He can hardly swim.The boy is often later for school.I have never seen such a good movie.补充：句中有多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。H
11、e can never be a movie star.2 23 3形容词、副词前：1.在形容词和副词前It was quite cold that day.2.特：enough在后面Im old enough to decide for myself.作定语时：在所修饰名词的后面The shops here are very large.On the way home,I met a friend.练习练习 21CThe light in the room wasnt _ for me to read.A.Brightly enough B.enough brightlyC.bright e
12、noughD.enough bright The little dancer from Australia looks _ in the long skirt.15上海 A.gently B.happily C.Beautifully D.lovely D分析：enough+n.adj.+enough 分析：1.感官系动词look，smell,sound,feel,taste,seem后加形容词 2.friendly,lovely,lively,lonely 是形容词词性转换 加 ly(大部分)quickquickly,finalfianllypolitepolitely,true truly
13、以y结尾，发/i/:y变ilyeasyeasily,angryangrily noisynoisily,healthyhealthily形副同体fast,high,hard,late,far,alone,early 辅音+le结尾:le变 lypossiblepossibly,simplesimplygentlegently,terribleterribly以y结尾，发/ei/:直接加lyshyshylydrydryly某些以ly结尾的是形容词friendly,lovely,lively,lonely 形容词 副词12345练习练习 21Luckily44When the children w
14、ere climbing the mountains，a snake appeared and scared them(sudden)16温州2.Jack finds it difficult to pronounce some English words _.(correct)13上海 3.You need to explain your opinions quite _when having a debate.(clear)10上海4._,the famous temple was not damaged in the earthquake.(luck)15上海suddenlycorrec
15、tlyclearly3原级、比较级和最高级原级、比较级和最高级 变化规则 判断方法（结构）练习级别级别2016年2016年2016年单音节+少数双音节多音节+其他双音节不规则变化010102020303变化规则变化规则单音节单音节 1.单音节词和部分双音节词，词尾加-er构成比较级，-est构成最高级形容词原级比较级最高级一般单音节词加-er/-esthighfasthigherfasterhighestfastest以e结尾去e,再加-er/-estwisesimplewisersimplerwisestsimplest词尾是一个元音字母+一个辅音字母双写+-er/-esthotthinbi
16、ghotterthinnerbiggerhottestthinnestbiggest辅音字母+y结尾Y变 i，再加-er/-esthappyearlyhappierearlierhappiestearliest少数以-ow结尾的双音节加-er/-estnarrownarrowernarrowest插播消息：重读闭音节双写：1）尾音节是重读音节；2）词尾只有一个辅音字母3）元音字母不发字母音。多音节多音节 1.多音节词和其他双音节词，前面加 more 构成比较级，most构成最高级原级比较级最高级interestingmore interestingmost interestingCareful
17、lyeasilymore carefullymore easilymost carefullymost easilytiredrealPleasedgladmore tiredmore realmore pleasedmore gladmost tiredmost realmost pleasedmost glad特：某些单音节词，如tired,pleased,real,glad,加more和most。不规则变化不规则变化 原级比较级最高级goodwellbetterbestbadillworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfur
18、therfarthestfurthestoldolderelderoldesteldest插播混淆点：1.farther/furthest指距离上“更远”further/furthest还可以指程度上“进一步的”，如further study further都可以2.later：时间上“晚一点的”latter:两者中的“后者”3.older/oldest:表“新旧、年代久、年龄比大”elder/eldest:表“长幼次序”,后面不用than。2016年2016年2016年同级比较 as+原级+as比较级 比较级+than最高级 the+最高级+比较范围010102020303结构结构同级比较意
19、义:“和一样”修饰词:前面可加程度状语almost,nearly,just,three times等My brother is almost as tall as I.结构：as+原级+asThis room is as large as that one.其他用法That girl is as brilliant as beautiful.Jane is as beautiful as Sam is strong.1 23否定：not as/so+原级+as“不如”Our teacher is not as busy as before.He does not run so fast as
20、I.45 原级的用法(1)只能修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,too,pretty等。The old man is too to walk on.那位老人太累了,不能再继续走了。(2)原级常用的句型结构“as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“和程度相同”。Lucy is as old as Kate.露西和凯特的年龄一样大。Tom runs asas Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。tired“not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“不如那样”。This classroom is not as/so as that one.这间教室不如那间大。He doesnt walk a
21、s as you.他走得不如你走得慢。big fast 原级原级 slowly 补充：出现并列（and/or）结构，参考与空格并列的单词形式即可Listening is just as _as speaking in language learning.A)important B)more important C)most important D)the most importantA练习练习 1.Whats (55)_（正确的）and wrong in the way we treat animals?（16温州）2.He was very (46)_ (伤心的)about it.（17温州
22、）3.Charlie was too (52)_ (激动的)to say a word.（17温州）correctsadexcited比较级结构：比较级+than意义：“比更”用于两者的比较Tom is older than Jim(is).否定：1.no+比较级+than You are no better than him.“你们一样坏”2.no more than“仅仅，至多”There are no more than 5 apples on the table.We are no more than business relationship.The+比较级表“两者中较的一个”Whi
23、ch is the larger,Canada or America?1234 修饰词：形容词前可加much,even,a lot,hardly,three times等，用比较级 John is much stronger than Bob.He is three inches taller than his brother.比较级其他用法比较级+and+比较级表“越来越”2 1the+比较级,the+比较级练习练习 21We hope that with the help of the new skill,Liu Xiang can run _than before.A.fast B.fa
24、ster C.fastest D.the fastest Air pollution has become_ than ever before.We must do something to stop it.A)serious B)more serious C)most serious D)the most serious BB练习练习 1.Actually，its much（52）（容易的）to travel in China than I thought.（2016 温州）2.The more I use the eraser,the（41）it gets.(small)（2017 温州）
25、3.After winning the speech competition,Bob became(45)_ than before.(confident)（2018 温州）4.Now she feels (51)_ (更好的)to do jogging than just running.（2019 温州）5.The buildings in Wenzhou are(45)_ than most buildings in my hometown.(tall)（2020 温州）easiersmallermore confidentbettertaller最高级结构：The+最高级+比较范围1
26、1用于三者及以上比较后可带of/in/among表范围John is the tallest boy in the class.2 23 34 4出现one of the+最高级+可数名词复数”Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.特殊疑问词+be/v.+the+最高级,A,B or C?”。Which season do you like best,spring,summer or autumn?主语+be/v.+the+序数词+最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语”表示“是中的第几”Tom is the second tallest b
27、oy in his class.练习练习 Which sport do you like_,football or basketball?A.well B.better C.best D.the best BD34 Pudong International Airport is one of _ airports in the world.A)big B)bigger C)biggest D)the biggest 分析：1.两者比较用比较级 2.三者及以上用最高级 One of+最高级练习练习 21The volunteer spoke as _ as she could to make t
28、he visitors understand her.A)clearlyB)more clearlyC)most clearlyD)the most clearly DAAlex did the project on community service _ better than his classmates.A)so B)veryC)too D)much 分析：比较级前可用much,a lot 等修饰，不能用very,so,too练习练习 1.For _information,please check our website at *.com.(far)2.On the _side of t
29、he street,there is a small shop.(far)3.I am two years _ than my little brother.(old)4.She is the _ of the three.(old)21furtherfurtheroldereldest1.Jim is a bit _ than me.(tall)2.I came five minutes _than you.(early)3.Its our responsibility to make the sky _ than before.(clear)15上海 4.Of the god and co
30、w,the latter is _(big)than the former.biggerearliertallerclearerI.根据根据汉语提示填单词汉语提示填单词1.I didnt hear the phone because it was too(吵闹的)in the supermarket.2.Of all the subjects,chemistry seems to be the(难的)for me.3.He is a blind boy,but he can look after his(日常的)life.4.When they felt(无助的)after the flood
31、,the charity offered them food and clothes.5.Most people travel to(北部的)cities for their summer holidays.6.The boy(几乎不)surfs the Internet on weekends.练习练习 1.noisy 2.most difficult3.daily4.helpless 5.northern 6.hardlyI.根据根据汉语提示填单词汉语提示填单词7.The old should be spoken to(礼貌地).8.My friend Tim is the(最滑稽的)pe
32、rson that Ive ever known.9.The people in the village now are much(更富有).10.Lucy lives on a healthy diet.She(很少)has sweet snacks.11.The Belt and Road Initiative is(广泛地)accepted in the world.12.Its noisy here.I need a much(安静的)place to study.练习练习 7.politely 8.funniest 9.richer10.seldom11.widely12.quiet
33、erII.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.She will be much _(happy)in her new class.2.The short one is _(useful)of the five.3.His sister is two years _(young)than him.4.This ruler is twice as _(long)as that.练习练习 1.happier 2.the most useful 3.younger 4.long II.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。5.Gold is much
34、_(expensive)than iron.6.The boy is not so _(tall)as his brother.7.Of the three girls,I find Lucy is _(clever).8.Johns parents have four daughters,and she is the_(young)child.练习练习 5.more expensive 6.tall 7.the cleverest 8.youngestII.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。9.My purse was stolen on the bus yeste
35、rday._(Fortunate),there was no money in it.10.Mobile phones are _(wide)used in most of the cities in China.11.He put on his coat and went out _(quick).12.She is _(good)than Li Ping at swimming.13.A lot Chinese people are _(pride)of Yao Ming,a famous basketball star in NBA.练习练习 9.Fortunately 10.widel
36、y 11.quickly 12.better 13.proud II.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。14.To our surprise,he suddenly returned on a cold _(snow)night.15.Allie asked me _(polite)to put the things away.16.Its snowing hard.You must drive _(careful).17.The earth we live on is _(big)than the moon.18.Hainan is a very large island.Its the second _(large)island in China.练习练习 14.snowy 15.politely 16.carefully 17.bigger 18.largest【中考考点】(1)词性转换：名词-形容词，形容词-副词(2)形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的构成规则、基本句型及用法。总结总结?THANK YOU
