1、2022届江西省南昌三模英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解ONLINE EVENTSPACE: YOUR QUESTIONS ANSWERED30 March 6-7 pm BST and on-demandWere entering a new era in space exploration, where lots of questions arise. Whats going on with the new race to the moon and Marsand who will win it? Is there life in the outer solar sys
2、tem, or on nearby exoplanets? What will the newly launched James Webb Space Telescope tell about our galaxy (银河) and the wider cosmos?Join a panel of New Scientist staff as they discuss these questions and more in our first exclusive subscriber event of 2022with the agenda set by you, the audience.P
3、ANEL (专家咨询组) INCLUDES:Abigail Beall: New Scientist feature editor and author of The Art of Urban AstronomyLeah Crane: New Scientist space and physics reporterJoshua Howgego: New Scientist feature editorRichard Webb: Host, New Scientist executive editorTo register to watch live or on-demand and submi
4、t questions to the panel, visit You will need your 8 digit subscriber number which can be found on our customer service and event emails.1What will be discussed in the online event?AWhats going on with the rocket.BWhere the border of the galaxy is.CWhether life exists in outer space.DHow James Webb
5、created Space Telescope.2Who will host the online discussion?AAbigail Beall.BLeah Crane.CJoshua Howgego.DRichard Webb.3What do people have to do to attend the event?APrepare questions.BEnter subscriber numbers.CConsult customer service.DSend an application letter.In Oxford in the 1950s, there was a
6、fantastic doctor, Alice Stewart, who was very unusual. She was unusual because she was a woman doctor, which was pretty rare in the 1950s. She was unusual too because she was the first one to find that many children who died of cancer had had mothers who had been X-rayed when pregnant. That finding
7、flew in the face of conventional wisdom, which was huge enthusiasm for the cook new technology of that age, the X-ray machine.Alice Stewart rushed to publish her preliminary findings in The Lancet in 1956. People got very excited, and there was talk of the Nobel Prize. However, it was fully 25 years
8、 before the British and American medical establishments abandoned the practice of X-raying pregnant women. The data was out there. It was open, and it was freely available, but nobody wanted to know. A child a week was dying, but nothing changed. Openness alone cant drive change.For 25 years Alice S
9、tewart had a very big fight on her hands. The fact is that most of the biggest catastrophes that weve witnessed rarely come from information that is secret or hidden. They come from information that is freely available and out there, but that we are willfully blind to, because we cant handle, or don
10、t want to handle the conflict that it creates. But when we dare to break that silence, or when we dare to see, we enable ourselves and the people around us to do our very best thinking.Open information is fantastic, and open networks are essential. But the truth wont set us free until we develop the
11、 skills and the habit and the talent and the moral courage to use it. Openness isnt the end. Its the beginning.4What does the underlined part “flew in the face of” in paragraph 1 probably mean?AConsist with.BWent against.CResulted from.DReferred to.5What can we infer about Alices findings?AThey led
12、to her winning the Nobel Prize.BThey met strong objections.CThey got recognition after publishment.DThey quickly affected medical practice.6Why do people ignore open information?ATo avoid possible conflict.BTo hide their ignorance.CTo prove their ability.DTo prevent it from spreading further.7Whats
13、more important in making changes according to the author?AOpen information.BAvailable networks.CFantastic creativity.DGreat courage.Seven out of the eight planets in our solar system were named after Greek or Roman Gods. Youre living on the only exception to that rule.The word “earth” has roots in t
14、he Old English term “eore”. Eore had multiple meanings like “soil”, “dirt”, “ground”, “dry land” and “country”. Yet the story didnt begin there. Old English is the earliest known stage of what became our modern English tongue. Used until about 1150 CE., it evolved from a parent language that scholar
15、s call “Proto-Germanic”. The German thats spoken today is part of the same linguistic family. “Earth” and “eore” are therefore related to the modem German word “Erde”. Not only is this the German languages name fox our home planet, but it can also be used to refer to dirt and soil.Our dear Each has
16、relatives in some other languages, too, For example, theres the Old Saxon “ertha”, the Old Frisian “erthre” and the Dutch word “aarde”. All these likely originate from a Proto-Germanic term that was never recorded. Nevertheless, linguists have been able to go back and reconstruct this mystery word.
17、Spelled “ertho” in scholarly texts, its always marked by an asterisk (星号). This asterisk acknowledges the lack of written confirmation that the word was really used.Nobody knows when people started using words like “Earth” or “Erde” to refer to the planet as a whole and not just the ground they walk
18、ed on. Back in 1783, German astronomer Johann Elert Bode named the seventh planet from our sun “Uranus” (after a Greek god). And though Pluto is no longer considered a planet, we know that 11-year-old Venetia Burney named it in 1930. But if a single person gave planet Earth its English name, his or
19、her identity has been lost to the sands of time.Still, its clear that while Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune all started out as the proper names of ancient gods, “Earth” did not. Thats why our planet is sometimes called “the earth” with a lowercase (小写字母) “e”.8Which language
20、 docs the word “Erde” belong to?AOld English.BOld Saxon.CModern German.DProto-Germanic.9Why is the word “ertho” usually seen with an asterisk?ATo stress its importance.BTo indicate its unconfirmed source.CTo remind readers of its spelling.DTo challenge its academic value.10Who named our planet “Eart
21、h”?AJohann Elert Bode.BVenetia Burney.CA Greek god.DNobody knows.11What is the text mainly about?AThe ways of naming the “earth”.BThe origin of the name “earth”.CThe meanings of the word “Earth”.DThe uniqueness of the name “Earth”.The biggest family tree of humanity to date has been built using gene
22、tic data from thousands of modern and prehistoric people. The tree gives a view of 2 million years of prehistory and evolution.“Humans are all eventually related to each other,” says Gil McVean at the University of Oxford. “What Ive long wanted to do is to be able to represent the totality of what w
23、e can learn about human history through this genealogy.”Geneticists have been reading peoples entire genomes for the past two decades. McVean and his colleagues analyzed 3609 of these, almost all of which belonged to our species, Homo sapiens, except for three Neanderthals and one from the Denisovan
24、 group, which may be a subspecies of Homo sapiens or a separate species.The team focused on bits of DNA that vary from person to person. They identified 6,412,717 variants (变体) and tried to figure out when and where each arose. To do this, they also looked at an extra 3589 samples of ancient DNA tha
25、t werent good enough to include in the tree, but did cast light on when the variants arose.Variants that appeared before 2,000 years ago were most common in north-east Africa, and the oldest 100 variants were also from there, specifically in what is now Sudan. Those oldest variants are about 2 milli
26、on years old, so long predate our species, which appeared around 300,000 years ago.The simplistic interpretation of this is that humanity first evolved in this region, but later migrations are likely to have interfered (干涉) with the data. The tree also offers clues that people reached Papua New Guin
27、ea and the Americas tens of thousands of years earlier than the archaeological (考古的) record implies, hinting at migrations that have yet to be discovered. But both these ideas would need to be confirmed by archaeological finds.12What can be expected of the biggest family tree?APeople can change gene
28、s with genetic data.BPeople can understand the function of each gene.CPeople can have a clear picture of human history.DPeople can tell the future development of mankind.13How did Gils team contribute to the family tree?ABy collecting peoples DNABBy analyzing peoples genes.CBy reading previous resea
29、rches.DBy making archaeological study.14What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the study?AThe findings.BThe reason.CThe process.DThe significance.15What can be learned from the last paragraph?AMigrations have changed humans genes.BHumanity may be first born in the same area.CArchaeological finds
30、 have proved early migrations.DHumans appeared in this world earlier than expected.二、七选五Most people arent particularly fond of needles. But to a significant number of people, the fear of needles goes beyond anxiety. _16_. Actually, it is a problem that can be overcome and here are some steps experts
31、 suggest taking.Seek professional help. People are often recommended to slowly expose themselves to the fear, like someone afraid of heights spending gradually more time on a balcony. But thats harder to do with needles, since shots are infrequent and easily avoided. _17_.Express your fear. If you t
32、ell the medical professionals about your fear beforehand, they are more than willing to help you through it. There may be techniques they can use, or products available, to reduce the pain. Some peoples fears may be so severe that theyre at risk of being dizzy. _18_, the nurse may be able to adminis
33、ter the shot with you lying down.Distract (使分心) yourself. The whole thing will be over in seconds, and a distraction can help you get through it. It could be your favorite song on your phone, or your favorite song playing. _19_. In a word, remember to draw your attention away from what is going on._
34、20_ Just tell yourself what makes this shot important, especially in the case of vaccine (疫苗). You can remind yourself needles are awful, but not nearly as awful as going to the hospital due to serious illness. And vaccine can protect you in the future. Keeping that in mind can make this a little le
35、ss of a nervous experience for you.AIf thats the caseBPlan a small rewardCFocus on the benefitsDSo turning to a professional is a better optionEThe more relaxed you are, the less it will hurtFYou could practice deep-breathing or count items in the roomGIt can even prevent them from seeking out neede
36、d medical care三、完形填空Stefany Bibb, a teacher in an elementary school is teaching students the importance of kindness. She provides _21_ activities for them to practice it daily. She also _22_ the schools “Kindness Crew”. Students in the club often hold the _23_ for others, each sunny morning _24_ stu
37、dents and teachers with posters that have _25_ messages, focus on being helpful and respectful, and help others to remember to be _26_.Fourth-grade member Aniyah Coxs _27_ act of kindness is giving hugs. She knows this action makes others smile because it can _28_ the world. John Johnson, a fifth-gr
38、ade student, loves being able to hold the door for other people, because it shows that he always _29_ others feelings.During spring break, Mrs. Bibb created a _30_ garden outside of the schools building where students could place painted works with _31_ of kindness or happy designs. Students can kee
39、p them for up to one week before _32_ them to the garden. If students choose to keep the rock longer, they can paint another one and _33_ the one they took. They can also pass their artwork down to their friends so as to make them happy.Mrs. Bibb hopes these students take the _34_ of kindness theyve
40、 started at the school and continue to build upon it in the _35_. “I just gave them the chance to do what they _36_ do. Theres nothing I can take _37_ for how amazing they are and the kindness they _38_,” she said. “In the ways we are generous or not we can change the course of someones life. Kindne
41、ss is a _39_ but necessary quality teachers work to _40_ among their students throughout the school years.21AacademicBcreativeCphysicalDnative22AinspectsBconnectsCtrainsDleads23AdoorBlineCarmDhand24AassistBgreetCeducateDrequire25ApersonalBpositiveCadditionalDwarning26AuniqueBintelligentCvaluableDkin
42、d27ArandomBstrangeCfavoriteDsingle28Alight upBgo aroundCset upDtake over29AchangesBexperiencesCconsidersDshares30ArockBvegetableCsquareDflower31AmessagesBphotosCrulesDcharacters32AtransportingBdeliveringCmakingDretuning33AexchangeBpurchaseCreplaceDpreserve34ArecordBpracticeCriskDresponse35AdreamBpre
43、sentCfutureDpast36AaccidentallyBcasuallyCinitiallyDnaturally37AcreditBprideCadvantageDnotice38AunderstandBspreadCappreciateDreceive39AgeneticBvitalCcomplexDsimple40AsolveBfixCplantDdig四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Every month, and sometimes twice a month if there is a Blue Moon, a fu
44、ll moon graces our skies. February tends to be the _41_ (cold) month in the UK, so it may come as no surprise _42_ this months full moon is called the Snow Moon because of the heavy snowfall that typically happens during the month. The name comes from the Old Farmers Almanac, which is a reference bo
45、ok _43_ (contain) weather forecasts, planting charts, astronomical data and more.The early explorer of North America _44_ (write) that it would be called the Snow Moon because “more snow _45_ (common) falls during this month than any other in the winter”. Historically, the moons were used _46_ (trac
46、k) the seasons, and the names came from Native American sources that were passed down through generations. According to Almanac, there are several other alternative names for Februarys moon that have historical connections to animals, Bald Eagle Moon, Bear Moon, and even Raccoon Moon _47_ (include).
47、Some beliefs say that the moon phase is parallel to your emotions. This means, when the moon is _48_ the top of brightness, it will bring out the deepest feelings in you. _49_ the world outside is cold, you can feel the _50_ (warm) within by lighting your inner fire.五、短文改错51假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删减：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改
