1、 Unit 4 History And TraditionDiscovering Useful structures&Language Points课前准备：课本，学案。积累本，双色笔 A people without the knowledge of theirpast history,origin and culture is like a treewithout roots Marcus Garvey1_ adj.单独的；个别的n.个人 _ adv.单独地；个别地2_ vi.应在(某处)；适应 _ n.财产，所有物3 _n.防御；保卫_ v.防御；保护；保卫4_adj.法律的；合法的 _
2、 adj.不合法的_ adv.合法地；法定地5_ vt.围绕；包围 _ adj.周围的_ n.环境6_ n.证据；证明 _adj.明显的 _adv.明显地，显然7_ adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的_ v.迷住_ adj.入迷的8_ vt.宣布；通知；声称 _n.(一项)公告，布告，通告9_ adj.慷慨的；丰富的 _n.慷慨_ adv.慷慨地10_ adj.热切的；渴望的_ adv.热切地_ n.渴望；热切11_vt.问候；迎接 _n.问候；招呼；迎接；致意12._ n.哲学 _n.哲学家individualindividuallybelongbelongingsdefencedefendleg
3、alillegallegallysurroundsurroundingsurroundingsevidenceevidentevidentlyfascinatingfascinatefascinatedannounceannouncementgenerousgenerositygenerouslyeagereagerlyeagernessgreetgreetingphilosophyphilosopher 单词填空1.The immune system is our main _(防御)against disease.2.There is no _(证据)to support this the
4、ory.3.She knew the exact _(位置)of the college.4.The shop _(收费)less if customers pay in cash.5.Although he was poor,he was quite _(慷慨的)to his needy friends.6Who will take part in the physics contest will be _(宣布)at tomorrows meeting.7.People should decrease the _(数量)of fat they eat.8.In order to _(保证)
5、success we must have a complete and thorough plan.9.Please add some _(黄油)to the bread.10.The show will be held in the art _(展览馆)next week.defenceevidencelocationchargesgenerousannouncedamountensurebuttergallery语法填空 Camping was so popular as to even become a fashion across China during the just-concl
6、uded National Day holiday,with some joking that“half of the friends 1_ WeChat were camping.Outdoor camping sites were popular during the holiday and had to2 _(book)several days in advance.According to research firm iiMedia Research,the core market size of Chinas camping economy reached 74.75 billion
7、 yuan($10.5 billion)in 2021,3_ was 62.5 percent up year-on-year.More market-sensitive players are plowing into the industry.In 2021,more than 20,000 new camping-related enterprises sprang up in China,4 _ over 5,000 have been set up this year,according to the information provider Tianyancha.Huzhou,5_
8、 popular tourist destination in East Chinas Zhejiang province,hosted the first Camping Conference in the Yangtze River Delta in June.It also became one of the first to 6_(official)regulate the construction standards and 7_(safe)supervision(监管)of camping sites.8 _(follow)Huzhou,Beijing and Nanjing in
9、 Jiangsu province have also introduced related policies for the healthy development of onbe bookedwhichandaofficiallysafetyfollowing语法填空the industry.“Consumers demand for outdoor activities 9_(increase)in recent years.I believe 10 _(many)people will join in camping and other outdoor activities in th
10、e long run,said Liang Qidong,vice president of the Liaoning Academy of Social Sciences.【要点词汇】fashion/fad/craze【时尚；热潮】just-concluded【刚结束】year-on-year【与去年同期相比；同比】plough into【奋力投入(工作)】regulate【控制(43%)，管理(28%)，调整(24%)，校准(5%)】has increased/has been increasingmore1.Look at the sentences and underline the
11、past participles.In pairs,discuss their functions.Then find more sentences with the-ed form in the text.1.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom”or“the UK”.2.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,3.They had castles built all around England,4.The United Kingdom,Great Bri
12、tain,England many people are confused by what these different names mean.5.They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century.More examples:1.The new product finally passed the required test.2.It is a house built by the Romans.3.He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.4
13、.Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.Conclusion:When the past participle is used as the object complement,it is often formed with the“have/get/feel/find/+object+-ed form”.2.Complete the phrases in the right column by using the past participles in the left column.Compare the meaning of each
14、 pair of phrases.Then make sentences with the phrases.:Past Participles as the Attribute(1)tired visitorsa well-organised trip beautifully dressed stars Past Participles as the Attribute(2)visitors _ of the long wait/a trip _ well by my workplace/stars _ beautifully at the event/tiredorganiseddresse
15、d3.Read the sentences and underline the-ed form as the object complement.1 Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery charged.2 When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides,we heard it announced that there wer
16、e no audio guides left.3 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4 Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Goghs Sunflowers.It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5 She had a copy of th
17、e painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely.4.Rewrite the sentences with past particles as the attribute,and then see whether you can write a little story with them.1Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape,which made it look amazing.Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natur
18、al landscape looked amazing.2 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3 The familys ancestors once attended to soldiers w
19、ho were wounded in the First World War.The familys ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4 The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness.They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars,which were positioned on the hill.The young people attracted
20、 by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.5.You are a policeman writing a report about a house that has been broken into.Use the past participle below as the object complement to describe what you found.steal,disconnect,wash,repair,men
21、d,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insure(给上保险)When I entered the house I found the telephone _,the windows _ and the door _.I was overcome by the smell.I had to get the kitchen _,the cooker _ and the floor _ before I could look into the problem.Mrs Smith had had the house _ and _ a few months ag
22、o so it should have been safe.Nobody should have been able to enter without permission.I had the locks _ and the windows _ before I left.Mrs Smith was very grateful.She had only had three valuable jewels _ and as she had had them _ she was not too upset.She thinks the gardener may have stolen a key
23、and be the person who broke into the house.Signed:Police Constable Stephen Briggsdisconnectedbrokenopenedcleanedrepairedwashedlockedmendedcheckedexaminedinsuredstolen过去分词做定语用法1.一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即 放在被修饰词之前。注意：有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。tired visitorsa well-organised tripbeautifully dressed starsThe disease
24、 was caused by polluted water.We finished the run in less than half the time allowed.He is one of those invited.2.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后。visitors tired of the long waita trip organised well by my workplacestars dressed beautifully at the eventThe river polluted by daily waste is now dirty and s
25、melly.过去分词作定语的时态和语态:1.及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成。被修饰词是其逻辑主语，和被修饰词构成被动关系，且该动作已经完成。过去分词作定语时，相当于定语从句。过去分词（短语）作非限定性定语，相当于非限定性定语从句，用来补充说明被修饰词的情况，通常用逗号与主句隔开。I dont like the book written by Martin(=which was written by Martin).It is a house built by the Romans（=which was built by the Romans）.The problem,discuss
26、ed yesterday(=which was discussed yesterday）,has been solved.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack（=which is known as the Union Jack）.2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。fallen leavesboiled water the developed countries 过去分词作宾语补足语的用法“及物动词宾语宾补”结构中，过去分词done作宾语补足语，表示与宾语构成被动关系。1.用于feel,find,hear,notice,
27、see,smell,observe,watch,think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.When he woke up in the hospital,he found himself surrounded by doctors and nurses.2.用于get,have,make,keep,leave,let 等使役动词后作宾语补足语。The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself heard.He got h
28、is tooth pulled out yesterday.They had castles built all around England.3.用于wish,want,would like,expect,order等表示“意欲”“命令”的动词后面作宾语补足语。The boss ordered the plan carried out as soon as possible.The father wants his daughter taught Japanese.4.用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。With the work finished,he went out for a wal
29、k.The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.【注意二】主动语态变被动语态注意事项现在分词作定语，和被修饰词构成主动关系，且该动作正在进行，即表“主动、进行”；过去分词作定语，和被修饰词构成被动关系，且该动作已经完成，即表“被动、完成”。The workers building the houses work day and night.（workers和build是主动关系）The houses built last year are for the villagers.（houses和build是被动关系
30、）过去分词done作宾语补足语，表示与宾语构成被动关系；现在分词doing作宾语补足语，表示与宾语构成主动关系。I heard her singing an English song when I passed by.I often heard the English song sung by young people at the party.It was cold,and she had the fire burning day and night.I had my car repaired last week.【注意二】过去分词和现在分词作宾语补足语的区别：用所给动词的正确形式填空1.T
31、he mountain village_（surround）by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2.The familys ancestors once attended to _（wound）soldiers in the First World War.3.The young people _（attract）by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars _（position）on the hill.4.Judy an
32、d I had our car _（park）in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery _（charge）.5.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides,we heard it_（announce）that there were no audio guides left.6.Judy had her eyes _（fix）on Van Goghs Sunflowers.It was
33、hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.7.She had a copy of the painting_（box）to ensure that it was delivered safely.surroundedwoundedattracted positionedparked chargedannouncedfixedboxed用所给动词的正确形式填空8.The scientist attended the meeting _(hold)in the Great Hall of the People
34、.9.Linjiang Bridge _(build)in a shape of fish in Wuhu,Anhui Province was put into use in 2008.10.With all the tasks _(finish)ahead of time,he decided to set out on his travel.11.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself_(remind)of his own dreams.12.Claire had her luggage_(c
35、heck)an hour before her plane left.13.Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _(improve)in a short period.14.Listen!Do you hear someone _(call)for help?15.So far,about 40 houses have fallen down under the weight of the snow,with 22 people_（injure）.heldbuiltfinis
36、hedremindedcheckedimprovedcallinginjured1.charge n.收费用;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电【教材原文】Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery charged.(Page 42)朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场,在那里我们可以给汽车电池充。charge.for.索价;要价 charge sb with(doing)sth指控某人(做)某事in
37、charge(of)负责;主管 in the charge of sb由某人负责take charge of负责;主管 free of charge免费语境领悟(1)He charged me five yuan for repairing my bike.(2)She was charged with parking against rules.(3)Class Five is in the charge of Miss Li;that is to say,Miss Li is in charge of Class Five.(4)He took charge of the farm aft
38、er his fathers death.学以致用(1)They charged me five dollars _ a cup of coffee.(2)He was charged _ murder.(3)I will take charge _ the class while Miss Green is on leave.(4)当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。The company is _ when the boss is away.The company is _ Tom when the boss is away.Tom is _ the company when the bo
39、ss is away.forwithofin Toms chargein the charge of in charge of 2.approach to 接近;近似,约等于;(做某事)的方法(途径)【教材原文】It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.(Page 42)周围有那么多人,很难接近那幅画。approach to 接近;近似,约等于;(做某事)的方法(途径)at the approach of.在接近的时候make approaches to sb设法接近某人 the appro
40、ach to(doing)sth 的方法 语境领悟(1)The time for graduation is approaching.(2)The approach of winter brings cold weather.(3)The approach to the house was a narrow path.在英语中approach,way,means,method等词语在表达“(做)某事的方法”时的搭配不同,分别是:the approach to(doing)sththe way to do/of(doing)sththe means of(doing)sththe method of(doing)sth学以致用(1)I appreciate the professors new approach to _(teach)languages.(2)At the meeting they discussed three different _(approach)to the study of mathematics.teachingapproaches
