1、1.heritage/hertd/n._Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritagethe light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.(2015全国卷II)生活在我们制造的强光下，我们已经与我们的进化和文化遗产星星的光和昼夜的节奏切断了联系。Organizations that promote traditional Chinese music have preserved t
2、he rich musical heritage of many national minorities.推广中国传统音乐的组织保存了许多少数民族丰富的音乐遗产。Together,we must help each other preserve the national heritage for future generations.我们必须携起手来，互相帮助，为后代保护民族遗产。遗产 词根词缀：herit-(继承)+age(名词后缀)：继承的东西_ 遗产 固有的;内在的;与生倶来的坚持;依附;追随女继承人遗传粘附坚持;依附;忠诚附着的;粘附的粘合的;粘性的连贯;一致继承人遗产一致性;连贯踌躇
3、,犹豫犹豫,踌躇信徒；追随者粘合剂；胶带2.create/kri:et/vt.创造，创作；造成Nearpod is a software program that a rich context for students to learn vocabulary.(2015安徽)Nearpod是一个软件程序，为学生学习词汇创造了丰富的上下文环境。Kahoot software can be used grammar tests which can be graded on a network.（2015安徽）Kahoot软件可以用来创建能在网络上进行评分的语法测试。Additionally,gro
4、up exercise a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard.此外，集体运动创造了一种社区感，共同的目标激励着参与者努力工作。(2015福建)createsto createcreates /kri:eitiv/adj.创造性的；有创意的Artists make a living through their work.(2018江苏卷)艺术家通过他们的创造性工作谋生。Here I will stress some smarter and more examples of c
5、limate adaptation.(2017江苏)这里我将着重介绍一些更聪明、更有创意的适应气候变化的例子creative /kri:eitivli/adv.创造性地；有创造力地A far better approach would be to teach children to think so that they could learn to interpret and apply the knowledge available online.更好的方法是教孩子们创造性地思考，这样他们就能学会解释和应用网上的知识creativelycreativecreativecreatively /
6、,kri:eitiviti/n.创造性；创造力His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose would infect other students.(2016全国I)他的出现意味着我在课堂上有了一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会感染其他学生。True is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.(2014新课标I)真正的创造力是把现有的东西创造成新的东西的能力。creativity
7、/krit(r)/n.生物Like most other ,we do need darkness.(2015浙江卷)就像其他的生物一样，我们也的确需要黑暗。creature creativitycreativitycreativity生物 拥挤创造；创作人群具体的；有形的创造性的；有创意的创造性；创造力涌入/涌出拥挤的生长;创造混凝土娱乐；消遣全体员工增加，增长减少，降低庄稼，农作物使拥挤3.temple/templ/n.时间当代的；同代的寺庙脾气;心情温度临时的寺庙4.relic/relik/n.遗物；遗迹 破拆法：re(再次)+li(lie躺)+c(形容词后缀)：再次躺在你面前的 文化遗
8、产Its loaded with ceramic artifacts and historical relics.里面装满了陶瓷制品和历史文物。cultural relics遗物；遗迹 5.mount/maunt/n._vt_;_;_vi._;_山峰爬上骑上登上上升上涨Why did they choose to conquer Kilimanjaro?(2015上海)为什么他们选择征服乞力马扎罗山?Grazing goats ignored us as we the hill toward the church.当我们登上小山前往教堂时，吃草的山羊无视了我们。He took the bicy
9、cle,it,and rode to the station.他取了自行车，上了车，然后骑到了车站.Jonathan nodded and began _ the stairs,feeling his excitement grow with each step.乔纳森点点头，开始上楼梯，感觉他的兴奋随着每一步而增长。Mountmountedmountedto mountThe costs up when you buy a home.买房时成本上升。His anxiety as messages were left unanswered.由于未得到答复，他的焦虑加剧了。_/mantn/n.山
10、；山脉_/mantns/adj.多山的;巨大的;山一般的 mountainmountainousmountmounted6.former/f:m/adj.以前的;(两者中)前者的Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach.Through the years,Id run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates.前者后者Work and play are both necessary to health;the
11、 latter gives us rest,and the former gives us energy.工作和娱乐对健康都是很必要的，后者让我们获得休息，前者赋与我们精力。The former.The latter.预知预言最先的；最重要的预见预料祖先先，前前言前额向前先前的,前者的首先先驱7.clue/klu:/n._;_线索 提示 There is no clue to the identity of the thief.没有确定窃贼身分的线索。We have no clue as to where she went after she left home.我们对她离家後去往何处毫无线索
12、。8.preserve/przv/vt._;_;_;_n._保存保护维持腌制保护区You dont preserve a plane by keeping it on the ground.You preserve it by keeping it in service.保养飞机不是让它停留在地面，而是要把它投入使用。As the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz,Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz,make the music more accessible,and preserve its
13、history and culture.(2017全国I)作为肯尼迪中心的爵士乐艺术顾问，莫兰希望扩大爵士乐的听众范围，使爵士乐更容易被人接受，并保护爵士乐的历史和文化。A machine with a specific purpose has another quality,one that we usually associate with living things:a wish to preserve its own existence.(2017北京)一台有特定用途的机器还有另一种特性，我们通常把它与生物联系在一起：希望保持其自身的存在。遵守;庆祝;观察服务;保存观察;观察力保存，维
14、护保护,保存:腌制 果酱，蜜饯保护;保存;管理应得;值得应该做某事仆人,佣人;雇工服务器;侍者;餐具服务中士;警官保留的,预留的服务;服役;上菜预约,保留;保留地水库;储藏所;储备保存;保护保守的 果酱,蜜饯9.promote/prmt/vt.The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and_understanding across cultures.(2017浙江)政府认为这将帮助外国人更好地融入社会，促进不同文化之间的理解。They could help _ other indu
15、stries whether they lie inside or outside arts.(2018江苏)他们可以有助于促进其他行业，不管他们是在艺术内部还是外部。Painters,digital media experts,photographers,booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and _ the event.(2018江苏)他们聘请了画家、数字媒体专家、摄影师、票务代理和推广人员来售票和推广活动Joining the firm as a clerk,he got rapid _,and ended up
16、as a manager.(2010天津)他进公司当职员，很快就升职了，最后当上了经理。“Once I get a _,Ill be happy,”they think.(2012江苏)“一旦我升职了，我就会很开心。”他们想。promotepromotepromotepromotionpromotion促进；提升；推销；发扬座右铭,格言,警句发动机,马达移动一拥而上电影动作,移动推动;激励不能移动的；固定的活动装置动机促进;提升推销动员;使流通感情感情的,感性的,情绪化的促进;升级移动的,可动的移动;除去移动,运动,活动移去;除去;撤走;脱掉移动,运动,活动（使)移动;搬家;感动遥远的乌合之众
17、,暴徒使降级汽车10.cypress/saipres/n._ 向某人申请 把应用于 适用于 致力于柏树apply to sb.for sth._apply sth to_apply to_apply oneself to_In order to pass the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan to what we would learn in class to our future professions.(2018全国I)为了通过这门课，在其他标准中，我们必须写一篇论文，关于我们如何计划将课
18、堂上学到的知识应用到未来的职业中。破拆法：cy(处于)+press(按压)助记：松柏处于风刀霜剑的逼压之下依然傲然挺立。11.apply/pla/vi._ vt._申请应用applyThe solution is obvious though perhaps not easy _:always handle the most difficult job first.(2016天津)解决方案显而易见，但可能并不容易应用:总是先处理最困难的工作。When the time came to make the final decision for a course,I decided to _ the
19、 one that reflected my interest.(2016浙江)当我要为一门课程做最后的决定时，我决定申请一门反映我兴趣的课程Later I decided to apply my previous experience to _(learn)how to read and write.(2016天津)后来我决定用我以前的经验来学习如何读和写。What do the classic rules mentioned in the text _?(2016全国III)课文中提到的经典规则适用于什么?_these principles in your everyday life in
20、 a conscious way.(2012浙江)有意识地将这些原则运用到你的日常生活中。When Shaw lost his sight,his wife suggested he _ for a guide dog.(2010天津)肖失明后，他的妻子建议他去申请一只导盲犬。A great man once said it is necessary to drill as much as possible,and the more you _ it in real situations,the more natural it will become.一位伟人曾说，尽可能多的操练是非常必要的，
21、你越多地将它用到实际生活中，它就变得越自然。to applyapply forlearningapply toApply(should)apply apply_/plke()n/n.申请；应用 n.应用程序；应用软件 In my _ letter,I was careful to express how much I wanted to see France.(2013浙江)在我的求职信中，我很谨慎地表达了我有多想去法国看看。The second aspect relates to the _ of these policies by departments.(2013全国I)Knowledg
22、e is a fruit tree,and the _ of knowledge is just like the fruit in the tree.知识是果树，知识的应用就是果树结的果实。_/plknt/n.申请人applicationappapplicant applicationapplicationapplication简单的增加;繁殖供应，提供雇员雇主应用失业雇用;就业器具，装置申请人应用，涂抹 申请申请;应用回答;回应暗示;意味着雇用;利用12.take part in_（某事）；_（某活动）指加入某个组织成为其中一员；还可表示加入某人一起。指参加正在进行的活动。指参加群体性活动
23、并在其中起积极作用。part前有修饰时，要用不定冠词。意为“出席”,是正式用语，指出席会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等。joinattendtake part injoin in参与参加When did your brother _ the army?你哥哥什么时候参军的？She _ the Young Pioneers.她加入了少先队。Will you _us in the discussion?你参加我们的讨论吗？Hell _ us in singing the song.他将和我们一道唱歌。Come along,and_ the ball game.快，来参加球赛。Why didnt y
24、ou _ the talk last night?昨晚你为什么没加入座谈？Well _ social practice during the summer vacation.暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。Lincoln_ polities and was strongly against slavery.林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。Hell _ an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要参加一个重要的会议。I _ his lecture.我听了他的讲座。joinjoined take part injoinjoinjoinjoinattendattendedt
25、ook an active part in赠送分发让步于,屈服于泄露让步；投降发岀；散发散发,分发13.give way to 让步于；屈服于被用光;筋疲力尽公布,公开放弃戒除 天平 平衡14.balance/blns/n._;_ vt._;_词根词缀：ba(bi-二)+lance(盘子)：架在天平上的两个盘子_ 总地来说_ 保持平衡 _ 失去平衡_ 权衡A与B的利弊Freddy was an average student,but not an average person.He had the rare _ of fun and compassion(同情).(2017全国II)弗雷迪是一
26、个普通的学生，但不是一个普通人。他拥有罕见的快乐与同情心的之间的平衡。Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios,_,than they lose.(2016江苏)总的来说，发达国家从强大的厄尔尼诺现象中得到的比失去的要多。balanceon balance keep(a)balance lose ones balance balance A against B 平衡 权衡平衡 on balanceThe writer strongly believes that we should set ambitious goals that can _ th
27、e input and output.(2014北京)作者强烈认为，我们应该设定雄心勃勃的目标，以平衡投入和产出。Over the past two centuries,the Industrial Revolution has broken this _ between the city and the country.(2013北京)在过去的两个世纪里，工业革命打破了城市和乡村之间的平衡。Some people are against killing wolves because wolves help to _ the ecological balance in the wilderne
28、ss.(2010江苏)有些人反对捕杀狼，因为狼有助于保持荒野的生态平衡。The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large,and that _ in the wilderness plant life.(2010江苏)狼群使鹿的数量不致过多，这就使野生植物保持了平衡。_adj._保持平衡的膳食It makes sense to eat a reasonably _ diet when slimming.在减肥过程中保持饮食的营养相对均衡是明智的。balancebalancekeepkeeps a balancebalance
29、dkeep a balanced dietbalanced15.lead/lid/vt._;_;_n._,_;_ lead.to_lead to _;_领导带领引导领导 领头 铅把领到导致 通向A man may lead a horse to the water,but he cannot make it drink.一个人可以把马带到河边，但他不能令它饮水。Dreams are like stars,you may never touch them,but if you follow them they will lead you to your destiny.梦想就像星星，你永远无法触
30、碰，但如果你跟随它们，它们将引领你抵达自己的命运之路。Fear and anger always lead to the dark side.恐惧和愤怒总会带来黑暗。No road of flowers leads to glory.没有一条通往光荣的道路是铺满鲜花的。It is a rough road that leads to the heights of greatness.崎岖不平的道路将通往伟大崇高之地。The rough road often leads to the top.艰难的道路经常通往高处。_/lid(r)/n.领袖，领导人 Innovation distinguish
31、es between a leader and a follower.(Steve Jobs)领袖和跟风者的区别就在于创新。_/ld/adj.最主要的，第一位的 a leading actor 主角16.dam/dm/n._;_The flood damaged the dam.洪水损坏了大坝17.propose/prpz/vt._;_vi._And where do you propose _ such a huge thing?那么你打算在哪里建这么一个庞然大物呢？Britain is about _ changes to some institutions.英国将提议对一些机构进行改革。
32、We _ an early start tomorrow.我们建议明天一早就出发。When I know,I will fly directly to her,and _.当我知道的时候，就会直接飞向她，向她求婚。buildingleader水坝 大坝提议 建议 求婚leadingto propose propose proposeproposal_/prpz()l/n.提议；建议;求婚_提出建议I had my _ turned again.(2011江苏)我的建议再次遭到了拒绝。The _ put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully
33、 automatic driving(2017天津)Dobrindt提出的建议旨在帮助推动全自动驾驶。make a proposalproposalproposal暴露的;易受攻击的 反对使暴露;揭露,揭发反对,反抗作文,作曲,作品暴露;揭露,揭发博览会;展览会;阐述对面的,对立的反义词,对立物放组成;作曲;创作安置；驻扎征收;把强加于职位;地位肯定的;积极的;正面的前置词,介词反对的反对姿势;姿态v.摆姿势;提出姿势;态度;立场目的,意图;用途有目的的认为;假定应该做某事储存 矿藏提议,建议;求婚提议,建议;求婚处理;排列邮寄处理;支配;安排暴露在.下 打算职位,岗位；邮政,邮件18.pro
34、test/prtest/vt.vi.&n._;_抗议 声明词根词缀：pro-(前，未)+test(验证)：未通过验证Satire is often a form of protest against injustice.讽刺往往是一种对不公正的抗议形式。When the cry of protest is sounded,there are those who will hear it and act.当抗议的呼声传播开来的时候，有人会听见，有人会采取行动的。验证考査；测试；检验证据；证词抗议；声明比赛，竞赛证实，证明竞争者；辩手抗议19.likely/laikli/adj.&adv._lik
35、ely outcome/cost/effect可能的结果/花费/影响At the last moment Tom decided to put in a new character to make the story seem more likely.(2013全国I)在最后一刻，汤姆决定加入一个新角色，使故事看起来更有可能The more positive an article,the more likely it was to be shared.(2016全国III)一篇文章越积极，就越有可能被分享。His efforts most likely saved the womans lif
36、e.(2016全国I)他的努力很可能救了那个女人的命。可能的/地_某人有可能做某事If you find something you love doing outside of the office,youll be less likely to bring your work home.(2016全国II)如果你在办公室之外找到了你喜欢做的事情，你就不太可能把工作带回家了。By cramming(死记硬背),a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination,but he is likely soo
37、n to forget almost everything he learned.(2012全国II)通过死记硬背,学生可以学好这门学科,足以通过考试,但他很可能很快会忘记几乎所有他学习的知识。So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends.(2007北京)所以这一代的父母似乎比30年前的父母更有可能把他们的孩子当作朋友。Sb.be likely to do sth._有可能It is l
38、ikely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe.(2016浙江)婴儿出生时可能不知道这个宇宙的基本情况。While it is likely that he understood very little of the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings.(2017浙江)虽然他可能对这些书知之甚少，但它们是他对古典绘画的入门指导。Its more likely that none of us start a conversati
39、on because its awkward and challenging,or we think its annoying and unnecessary.(2018全国II)更有可能的情况是，我们中没有人会因为尴尬和有挑战性而开始一场对话，或者我们认为这是恼人和不必要的。It is like that.20.turn to_转向；求助于转身使扫兴,使厌烦关掉,切断使感兴趣;使兴奋转而反对上交闪开,让开拒绝抛弃,背弃打开;开动关掉结果是,最终生产,制造开大,调大转向,求助于出现;来到使反胃,使呕吐 mittee/kmti/n._词根词缀：com(共同)+mit(送)+ee(人)：共同送来的
40、人选_委员会22.establish/stbl/vt._;_建立 创立词根词缀：e(=ex外)+stab(stand站)+ish(动词后缀)：使站到外面来_,_Banks,for example,encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them.(2011浙江)例如，银行鼓励呼叫中心的员工利用客户数据与他们建立即时的良好关系。建立 创立委员会Youll get in more questions,the discussion will
41、 be tailored to what you need most help on,and two-party communication is almost always more productive than committee work.(2015浙江)你会遇到更多的问题，讨论将根据你最需要的帮助进行调整，两党沟通几乎总是比委员会工作更有成效。障碍遥远的建立；创立周边环境不断的；稳定的稳定的站地位;状态;情况州;状态体育场雕像物质;本质立即的,紧急的情况；例子目的地，终点23.limit/limit/vt.&n._,_It does point out that many paren
42、ts still limit electronic reading,mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.(2018全国II)它确实指出，许多父母仍然限制电子阅读，主要是因为担心屏幕时间的增加。The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15mph,unless otherwise posted.(2012天津)校园里自行车的速度限制是每小时15英里，除非另有规定。The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts
43、 of today.实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。The limits of my language are the limits of my world.语言的限制就是对我的世界的限制。限制 限定_把限制在范围内Dont limit yourself.Many people limit themselves to what they think they can do.You can go as far as your mind lets you.不要束缚自己脚步，很多人只做那些自己认为可以做的事情，其实，心有多大，舞台就有多大。limit.to.派遣;使命解散;免职省略解散;罢免传道
44、的 传教士送传输;传播;传达提交;使服从limit.to限制,限定省去,略去委托;委任;犯(罪)被.所录取;被准许进入允许允许允许做某事允许某人做某事屈服,服从;提交委员会;委任委员会承认;入场费;录取准许进入;承认有限的;受限的限制;限度;极限;缺陷屈服;服从传输;传播发出;发行发出;发行24.prevent/prvent/vt._,_,_防止 阻止 阻碍词根词缀：pre-(前)+vent(走)：走到前挡住Good watch _ misfortune.谨慎消灾。Learn from the mistakes of others and _ your own.前人犯错，后人戒之。Howeve
45、r,anger can easily turn violent,and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order _ its presence.(2018北京)然而，愤怒很容易转化为暴力，最好知道愤怒产生的原因，以防止它的出现。The fats in fish are thought to help _ heart disease.(2016全国III)鱼中的脂肪被认为有助于预防心脏病。As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each r
46、un _ injuries.(2015全国II)像往常一样,你应该每次运行前至少伸展十分钟,以防止受伤。preventspreventto preventpreventprevent防止,阻止_防止/阻止某人做某事If you like,a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them _(turn)brown.(2018全国II)如果你喜欢，在香蕉上挤一点新鲜的柠檬汁可以防止香蕉变黄。These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow
47、energy from the Sun to enter but prevent energy _.(2008江苏)这些气体就像温室的玻璃，它们允许来自太阳的能量进入，但阻止能量离开。Dont use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it _.(2008全国I)不要用渔网捞鱼，迅速将它们放掉，以免其死亡。You can prevent this _ by following a few careful steps.(2007江苏)您可以通过以下几个谨慎的步骤来防止这种情况的发生。(from)turningt
48、o preventpreventpreventprevent.(from)doing sth._/prvenn/n.预防；阻止；妨碍_ is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?(2018天津)消防专业人员的主要职责是什么?大事,盛事多事的;重大的最终的，最后的冒险的，大胆的奇遇,冒险大道;林荫道发明发明保证,担保来preventionPrevention发明者预防的防止;预防25.loss n._;_;_松的丢失丢失的,迷失的损失;迷茫无损的终止结束壁橱密室失败者
49、废柴失败紧密的亲密的密切地靠近地关闭完形填空关上的关上损失 遗失 迷茫_ 迷路_ 怅然若失，迷茫_ 迷路_ 沉迷于，迷失于Grasp all,_ all.贪多必失。Youve got to _ many times before you can make it.你在成功之前总会多次丢脸。If you were wrong,admit it.You wont _ dignity,but will gain respect.如果你错了，那就承认。你不会因此而失去尊严，反而会赢得尊重。One never _ anything by politeness.讲礼貌不吃亏。Success is the a
50、bility to go from one failure to another with no of enthusiasm.(Winston Churchill)成功是，你一次又一次失败，却仍没有失去热情。The fatal enemy of heart is the of time.心灵的致命的仇敌就是时间的腐蚀。Visit the palace and its various historic gardens,which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get _!(2015全国)参观一下宫殿和它的各种历史园林,其中包括著名的
