1、Unit5 Lesson3单词详解1explorer n.探险者;勘探者 eg:The explorer told us about his hardships.探险家告诉我们他遇到的困难。explore v.探索;探究 exploration n.勘探,探测preparation n.准备;预备 in preparation for(介词性短语）为.做准备 =make preparation for（动词性短语）=prepare for（动词短语）preparation of goods 备货 preparation against natural disasters 应对自然灾害的准备 m
2、ake preparations against 为对付.做准备sledge 名雪橇 The kid sat on the sledge steadily.这个小孩平稳地坐在雪橇上。扩展:slide 滑行 ski 滑雪板 sled 雪橇（美式）sledge 雪橇（同 sled，英式）sleigh 雪橇（大型驯鹿狗拉雪橇）skate 滑冰；旱冰鞋ski 动滑雪 名滑雪板，雪橇 to ski a mountain slope 滑过山坡 a ski resort 滑雪胜地 拓展:略读（skim）皮肤（skin）滑雪（ski)技能（skill）滑冰（skate）成套用品（kit)tent 名帐篷 动住
3、帐篷 The girls pitched a tent.这些女孩搭起了帐篷。My tent is waterproof.我的帐篷是防水的。boot 名靴子 动启动 The size of a boot is determined by the foot.靴子的大小根据脚来确定。脚（foot）穿上了靴子（boot)。boost 促进，推动 boast 吹牛captain 名队长；首领；船长 动指挥；统帅 The captain of the ship first discovered the glacier.这艘船的船长首先发现了这座冰川。Polar 形极地的 It s very cold in
4、 the polar regions.南北极地带是很寒冷的。pole n.地极；磁极 polar adj.两极的（pol 看作 pole 极地）+ar 形容词后缀地极的）the polar regions 极地地区 polar expedition 极地探险 polarity n.极性；两极化 polarize vt.使极化；截然对立base 动以为基础 名底部；基地；根基 He pointed out that their reports were based on inaccurate information.他指出，他们的报告基于不准确的信息。basis n.基础 on the basi
5、s of 根据 basic adj.基础的，基本的 basically adv.基本上 basement n.地下室 baseness n.卑鄙anxiously 副焦虑地 例句：I am anxiously awaiting your reply.我在急切地期待你的答复。I anxiously await your approval.我焦急地等待你的批准。serious 严肃的；严重的，危急的 anxious 焦急的，忧虑的，担忧的breakdown 名故障；崩溃；损坏 She s still recovering from her breakdown.她精神崩溃后还在恢复中。break 表
6、示破坏，中断 breakdown：破裂；分类；（健康，精神等）衰竭，衰弱 break 破+down 向下ambition 名抱负；野心；追求的目标 There are no bounds to his ambition.他的野心是无止境的。You should persist in your ambition.你应该坚持你的雄心大志。ambitious adj野心勃勃的 ambitiously adv雄心勃勃地 ambitiousness n不凡的抱负exploration 名探索；探究；勘探 universal exploration 普遍探索 The exploration for new
7、 sources of energy is vital for the future of our planet.探索新能源对我们这个星球的未来至关重要。explore v探险，探索 explorer n探险者，勘探者 expedition n探险，远征，探险队 exploit v开发，剥削，开采Cheerful 形快乐的，愉快的；使人感到愉快的 He was cheerful throughout the trip.他整个旅程都有愉快的心情。The Spring Festival is a cheerful occasion for children.对孩子们来说春节是个令人高兴的日子。ha
8、ppy/glad/cheerful/joyful/merry/delightful/gay/pleasant/nice/jolly/agreeable 这些形容词均含愉快的高兴的之音prove 动证明；证明是；证实 There wasn t enough evidence to prove him guilty.没有充分的证据证明他有罪。approve 赞成，批准 improve 改善，提高 disprove 证明.不对的 disapprove 不赞成，不批准distant 形远处的；远房的；冷淡的 the distant relation 远房亲戚 The foreigner came fr
9、om a distant country.这个外国人来自一个遥远的国度。distance n.距离 distantly adv.遥远地；淡然地honesty 名诚实 Honesty is a virtue.诚实是一种美德。Honesty is the best policy.诚实是最基本的原则。honest adj诚实的 dishonest adj不诚实的sincerity 名真诚；诚实；诚挚【构词】sincere 【后缀】-ity 表抽象名词【同根】sincerely I was impressed with his deep sincerity.他的无比真诚让我印象深刻。bravery 名
10、勇敢；无畏（courage)例句:I am filled with admiration for your bravery.我由衷钦佩你的英勇绝伦。The man of true bravery is not frightened by death.真正的勇士是不畏惧死亡的。brave 勇敢的，勇敢者；-ery 名词后缀，表场所、地点、工作处;表行为、状态、情况、性质;表法、术、身份等。brochure 名小册子；手册；指南 同义词：handbook,pamphlet,booklet,leaflet advertising brochure 广告小册子 recruitment brochure
11、 招生简章shelter 名避难所；遮盖物；庇护 动庇护；遮蔽 They provide shelter for the farmers.他们为农民提供栖身之地。to from the rain 躲雨 to sb.from blame 庇护某人使其不受责骂 oneself 为自己辩解；给自己找借口 take 躲藏；避难 Under(the)of 在.的庇护（或保护）下observe 动观察；遵守 All citizens should observe the traffic rules.每位公民都应该遵守交通规则。They began to observe the behavior of wi
12、ld animals.他们开始观察野生动物的生活习性。observer n观察家 observation n观察，观察报告 observant adj善于观察的 observance n遵守 obey v遵守 obedience 顺从metal 名金属（制品）；合金 He hit his head against a metal bar.他的头撞在一根金属棒上。Soil heavy metal pollution is an important aspect of soil pollution.土壤重金属污染是土壤污染的一个重要方面。mental adj精神上的 medal n奖牌 metal
13、lic adj金属的 metalline adj金属的varied 形各种各样的 动 vary 的过去式和过去分词 The book contains varied recipes.这本书上有各种不同的食谱。They are rich in content and varied in style.它们内容丰富，风格多样。The temperature varied throughout the day.气温一整天都在变化着。vary v变化 various adj各种各样的（强调种类多）varied adj各种各样的（强调不同）variable adj可变的、不稳定的 varying adj不
14、同的 variety n种类、多样性 variation n变化scary 形吓人的；惊恐的 The witch lived in a scary place.巫婆住在一个可怕的地方。scare n恐慌，惊吓（s+care 照顾照顾不好受到 惊吓惊吓）scary adj恐怖的（scare 惊吓，恐惧 y 形容词后缀恐怖的）scared adj感到恐惧的，受到惊吓的 terrify vt使恐惧（terr-怕，恐吓-ify 使恐惧）fear n害怕harmless 形无害的；无恶意的【构词】harm 【后缀】less【反义词】harmful This pesticide is harmless t
15、o crops.这种农药对农作物无害。No cigarette is completely harmless.没有香烟是完全无害的。harmless behavior 无害的行为skiing 名滑雪 a skiing instructor 滑雪教练 Let s go skiing!我们去滑雪吧！Skiing is one of the winter sports.滑雪是冬季运动之一。go skating=go ice skating 去滑冰 go skateboarding 去滑板 roller skating 滑旱冰 skateboard 滑板originality 名独创性；创造力；新颖创
16、新 同义creativity，ingenuity，innovation He was capable of writing things of originality.他能够写出具创意的作品。Creativity and originality are more important than technical skill.创造力和独创性比技术技能更重要。origin n起源；出身 original adj起始的；最初的disappearance 名离职；消失；不见 例句 Is my flower in danger of speedy disappearance?我的花有迅速消失的危险吗？Therapy with this drug resulted in complete disappearance of symptoms.用这个药治疗以后，症状完全消失。扩展 appear 出现，显现，显露 disappear 消失，失踪 appearance n外表，外貌，相貌；出现，呈现，露面
