1、Unit 6 Earth firstWords&Expressions1.shark/k/n.鲨鱼鲨鱼 2.scare/ske/v使使(某人某人)惊恐，吓唬惊恐，吓唬 scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的be scared of(doing)sth.害怕(做)某事be scared to do sth.害怕/恐惧做某事 scare sb.into silence.吓得某人不敢出声 scare(vt.)sb.eg：他害怕在黑暗中行走。He is scared of _(walk)in the darkness.eg:他害怕参加考试。He is scared _(take)the exams.wa
2、lking to takeWhen I see the picture,I feel _.The picture _ me a lot.scaredscares3.due to由于，因为由于，因为4.fin/fn/v.切去（鱼的）鳍切去（鱼的）鳍 n.(鱼的鱼的)鳍鳍 fin-finned-finned-finning5.dive/dav/v.(通常指使用呼吸设备的通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水潜水6.target/tt/v把把作为目标作为目标 n目标；靶；目标；靶；(攻击的攻击的)对象对象target.on/at.把作为的目标，针对set a target 制订目标meet/achieve a
3、target 完成目标7.fortunately/ft()ntli/adv.幸运地幸运地(1)fortunate adj.幸运的(2)fortune n.运气；命运；财富(3)unfortunate adj.不幸的 unfortunately adv.不幸地e.g.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._ （fortunate）,neither of them could swim.Unfortunately8.extinction/kstk()n/n.灭绝，灭种灭绝，灭种 extinct adj.灭绝的灭绝的eg:Platypus(鸭嘴兽)
4、has become _.9.attitude/ttjud/n(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看看法，态度法，态度 an attitude to/towards.对的态度/看法 have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards.对持肯定的/否定的态度eg:我们应该养成良好的生活态度。We should develop _ _ _ _ life.a good attitude toextinct10.devote/dvt/v致力，献身，倾注致力，献身，倾注(1)devote oneself to(doing)s
5、th.献身于/致力于(做)某事devote ones time/life to（doing）sth.(2)devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的be devoted to(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事(3)devotion n.挚爱；奉献，忠心1.如果你有一份工作，一定要全身心地投入，最后你会成功的。If you have a job,do _ _ _ it and finally youll succeed.2.邻居们利用业余时间帮助别人重建家园。Neighbors _ their spare time _ _ others rebuild homes.3.我尊重他对教学
6、的献身精神。I respected his _ to teaching.devotiondevotedto helpingdevote yourself toJane Goodall _ the wild.=Jane Goodall _ the wild.devotes herself tois devoted to简古道尔致力于野外生活。11.ocean/()n/n.大海大海;海洋海洋12.highlight/halat/v.使使突出，使注意力集中于突出，使注意力集中于n.最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分eg:Ive _ the important pas
7、sages in yellow.我用黄色标出了重要段落。highlighted13.cruelty/krulti/n.残忍，残酷，残暴残忍，残酷，残暴cruel adj.残酷的;冷酷的 cruelly adv.残酷地14.hunting/hnt/n.打猎，狩猎打猎，狩猎;搜寻，寻找搜寻，寻找 hunt v.打猎；搜寻 job hunting 找工作，求职 15.presentation/prez()nte()n/n.报告报告,（观点的）陈述，说明（观点的）陈述，说明present v.呈现 n.礼物 adj.目前的give a short presentation 作一个简短介绍16.rese
8、rve/rzv/n(野生生物野生生物)保护区；储备保护区；储备(量量)vt.预订预订(座位、席位、房间等座位、席位、房间等)；保留；保留a nature reserve _ reserve a table for three _reservation n.预订；保留地 make a reservation for sb.预订 eg：我会打电话给餐厅预订。Ill call the restaurant to _ _ _.make a reservation自然保护区 订个三人桌17.staff/stf/n.人员人员18.establish/stbl/v.建立建立;创立创立;设立设立establi
9、shment n.建立;创立;确立eg:Our goal is （establish）a new research centre in the North.eg:这家公司成立于1980年。to establishThe company was established in 1980.19.damage/dmd/v./n.破损，损害，损伤破损，损害，损伤 damaged adj.被损坏的(1)cause/do damage to 对造成损害；损害(2)damage ones health 损害某人的健康eg:问题是显而易见的:多年来，人类对自己的家园造成了巨大的破坏。The problem is
10、 clear:man _ _ _ _ _ his home over the years.eg:你把我的自行车弄坏了，最好把它修好。You have my bike；youd better get it repaired.has done great damage todamaged20.drought/drat/n.旱灾，干旱旱灾，干旱 dry adj.干旱的干旱的21.flood/fld/n.水灾水灾;大量大量 v.淹没；泛滥；（感觉或回忆）涌上心头淹没；泛滥；（感觉或回忆）涌上心头a flood of 大量的 flood in 大量涌入eg:Requests for informatio
11、n（涌入）after the advertisement.询问信息的请求如潮水般涌来广告之后。flooded inNatural disasters such as _(洪水)and _(干旱)are quite common around the world these years,which _ peoples life.flooddroughtdo damage to/cause damage to22.affect/fekt/v影响；侵袭；感动影响；侵袭；感动 affection n.喜爱喜爱be affected by被侵袭/感动affect sb/sth 影响某人、某事eg：我的嗓
12、子总是受恶劣天气的影响。My throat _ always _ by bad weather.isaffectedeg:He was deeply affected by the story.23.supply/spla/n煤气、电力、自来水等供应煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统系统)v(尤指尤指大量大量)供应，供给，提供供应，供给，提供 water supply供水supply sb./sth.with sth.=supply sth.to sb./sth.向提供某物eg:媒体每天给我们提供大量的信息。The media _ _ _ _ _ us every day.electricity
13、supply supplies lots of information to24.restore/rst/v.使恢复使恢复现在分词现在分词 restoring 过去式过去式 restored 过去分词过去分词 restoredrestoration n.恢复恢复eg:The measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy.这些举措旨在恢复公众对经济的信心。25.adopt/dpt/v采用采用(某种方法某种方法)，采取，采取(某种态度某种态度)；收养，；收养，领养领养adopt an attitude/a met
14、hod采取一种态度/采用一种方法adopted adj.被收养的 adoption n.采用；收养adapt to 适应e.g.The woman said that her two children were both_（adopt）.adopted26.sustainable/sstenb()l/adj.可持续的可持续的;不破坏环境的不破坏环境的sustain v.维持sustainable development 可持续发展27.bulb/blb/n.灯泡灯泡28.renewable/rnjub()l/adj.（能源）可更新的，可再生的，（能源）可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的可恢复的 re
15、newable energy 可再生能源 renew v.重新开始29.carbon/kbn/n.碳碳carbon footprint 碳足迹30.greenhouse/rinhas/n.温室，暖房温室，暖房greenhouse effect 温室效应31.reusable /rijuzb()l/adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的可再度使用的，可多次使用的reusable water bottle 可重复使用的水瓶32.brochure/br/n.小册子小册子 33.reduce/rdjus/v减少，降低减少，降低reduce.to.减少到 reduce.by.减少了reduction n降低
16、，减少eg:价格已从10美元降至8美元。The price has been _ _$10 _$8.eg:每天只吃一根胡萝卜可以降低40%患这种疾病的可能性。Eating just one carrot a day can _ the possibility of getting this disease _ 40%.34.solar/sl/adj.利用太阳光（能）的利用太阳光（能）的reducebyreduced fromto Costs have been _(v.减少;缩小)by 20%over the past year.The government is aiming at a 50
17、%_(n.减少;降低)in unemployment.在过去的一年中，成本降低了20%。政府的目标是将失业率降低50%。reducedreduction35.release/rlis/v./n.释放，排放释放，排放;首映（电影），发布；宣泄首映（电影），发布；宣泄 release a movieeg:The factory keeps releasing smoke,making the air dirty.eg:Physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress.36.smog/sm/n.雾，雾霾雾，雾霾37.fog/f/n.雾雾38.se
18、vere/sv/adj.（问题，伤势，疾病等）很严重的（问题，伤势，疾病等）很严重的;苛刻的苛刻的;艰难的艰难的 比较级比较级 severer或或more severe 最高级最高级 severest或或most severeseverely adv.严重地；严厉地严重地；严厉地39.infection/nfek()n/n.感染，传染病感染，传染病infectious adj.传染的传染的 infect v.感染感染40.lecture/lekt/n.(尤指大学里的尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲讲座，讲课，演讲deliver a lecture 做讲座 lecturer n.讲课者Ebola（
19、埃博拉病毒）is a virus _(传染病)which is _(传染的).Many doctors _(感染)the virus during work.infectioninfectiousinfect41.permission/pm()n/n.允许，许可允许，许可 permit v.允许允许 n.许可证许可证 permitted permitting42.slide/slad/n.幻灯片幻灯片;滑动滑动 v.滑动滑动现在分词现在分词 sliding 过去式过去式 slid 过去分词过去分词 slid43.majority/mdrti/n多数，大多数多数，大多数(人或物人或物)(1)a/
20、the majority of大多数(2)major adj.大的，主要的 v.主修 n.主修课程(3)minority n.少数，少数派44.false/fls/adj.不正确的，错误的不正确的，错误的45.amount/mant/n数量，数额数量，数额 vi.总计，共计总计，共计(1)a large amount of/large amounts of 不可数名词 大量的.eg:Large amounts of money were spent on building the bridge.the amount of不可数名词 的总数(2)amount to 共计，总计eg:At the
21、start of this year,foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million.46.device/dvas/n.设备，仪器，装置设备，仪器，装置 turn off a device 关掉设备47.stand-by adj.备用的备用的 48.mode/md/n.(机器，设备的机器，设备的)运行方式，状态，运行方式，状态，模式模式 49.electricity /lektrsti/n.电电electric adj.用电的 electrical adj.与电有关的;电的50.leak/lik/v./n.（使）（使）漏漏;（使）渗漏（使
22、）渗漏leak out 泄漏；漏出51.appliance/plans/n.家用电器，家用器具家用电器，家用器具 52.remove/rmuv/v移走，搬走，去掉；脱去移走，搬走，去掉；脱去(衣服等衣服等)，摘，摘下下 removal n.n.移动；除去移动；除去remove.from.把从移开/撤掉eg:remove a man from office eg:He was too tired to remove the stone.eg:She removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.53.plug/pl/n.（电）插头（电）插头 v.堵，塞；用插头接
23、通电源堵，塞；用插头接通电源现在分词现在分词 plugging过去式过去式 plugged 过去分词过去分词 plugged54.take.into account/kant/把把考虑进去考虑进去take into consideration 55.litre/lit/n.升，公升升，公升56.campaign/kmpen/n.（宣传）活动（宣传）活动 v.领导（参加）运动领导（参加）运动57.urge/d/v竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事urge that.(should)do sth.极力主张；强调做某事urgent ad
24、j.紧急的 urgency n.紧迫；急迫eg:他们催促我吃那些奇怪的食物。They urged me _ _ the strange food.eg:他力劝我们采取这些步骤。He urged that we_（take）such steps.58.canteen/kntin/n.食堂，餐厅食堂，餐厅to eattake59.concerned/knsnd/adj.焦急的，担忧的焦急的，担忧的;相关的相关的;关心的关心的eg:People concerned in the event were all punished.(1)as far as.be concerned就而言eg:As far
25、 as Im concerned,riding bicycles is a good solution to air pollution.be concerned with.与有关，涉及be concerned about/for 为担心eg:Im a bit concerned about/for her safety.(2)concern v.涉及，与有关；使担心 n.担心(3)concerning prep.关于 eg:various questions concerning pollution and environment Our main _(n.焦急的,担忧的)is to pro
26、vide quality customer service.The President Biden is deeply _(与有关;涉及;让.担忧)about this issue.He asked several questions _(prep.关于;涉及)the future of the company.concernconcernedconcerning60.contribute/kntrbjut/v促成，造成促成，造成(某事发生某事发生)；捐献；捐献(1)contribute sth.to.把某物捐献给contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contribution n
27、.捐献；贡献；稿件make a contribution/contributions to 对做出贡献(3)contributor n.捐款人；撰稿人eg:我很钦佩爱迪生，因为他为世界做出了巨大的贡献。I admire Edison a lot because he _ _ _ _ _ _the world.eg:她给这家杂志投了几篇文章。She _ a number of articles to the magazine.made a great contribution to contributedYuan Longping has _his time and efforts to dev
28、eloping new types of hybrid rice.袁隆平为开发新型杂交水稻贡献了自己的时间和精力。contributed61.average/v()rd/adj.平均平均(数数)的的 n平均水平；平均数平均水平；平均数 v平均为；计算出平均为；计算出的平均数的平均数 an average of.平均数是above/below(the)average 在一般水准以上/下on(the/an)average 按平均数计算eg:On average we have five classes a day.eg:I spend an average of about$200 a year
29、on books.Practice1.The water bird patted its wings and_(dive)into the water.2._(fortunately),the train was late so we missed it.3.Polar bears,and sharks were all added to the list of species facing_(extinct).4.The group_(present)is a very important part of the class learning.divedUnfortunatelyextinc
30、tionpresentation5.The International Automobile Federation_(establish)in Paris in 1904.国际汽车联合会6.This is a good method.It might well _(adopt)by other localities.地方7._(renew)energy will become progressively渐进地 more important as time goes on.8.Giving up smoking_(reduce)the risk of heart disease.9.An air
31、craft overshot the runway and was_(severe)damaged.一架飞机冲出跑道，严重受损。10.She holds an active attitude _life.was establishedbe adoptedRenewablereducesseverelyto/towards11.Smoking is not _(permit)in public places in our city.12.When they heard the frightening news,everyone was _(scare).13.The plant is now in danger of _(extinct).14.Hes a _(lecture)in French at Oxford.15.There has been some _(reduce)in unemployment.permitted scared e extinction lecturer reduction
