1、七年级上册外研版（英语）语法导学要点一：要点一：there be结构的基本用法结构的基本用法1.“There be+某物（人）+地点”表示“某地有某物或某人”。2.There be+复数可数名词+地点。如：There are many apples in the basket.篮子里有许多苹果。There be+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点。如：There is a book on the table.桌子上有一本书。There is some furniture in the room.房间里有一些家具。(一一)there be句型句型 语法导学3.如果be后面有两个或两个以上的名词，则其
2、单复数形式的确定采用就近原则。如：There is a book and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There are two books and a pen on the desk.桌子上有两本书和一支钢笔。语法导学要点二：要点二：there be结构的否定形式（以一般现在时的句结构的否定形式（以一般现在时的句子为例）子为例）1.单数可数名词如：There is not a pen on the table.=There is no pen on the table.桌子上没有钢笔。2.复数可数名词如：There are not any maps o
3、n the wall.=There are no maps on the wall.墙上没有地图。3.不可数名词如：There is not any furniture in the room.=There is no furniture in the room.房间里没有家具。4.There isnt a book or any pens on the desk.=There arent any books or a pen on the desk.桌子上没有书或钢笔。语法导学要点三：要点三：there be结构的一般疑问句和回答结构的一般疑问句和回答要构成there be结构的一般疑问句,
4、就把be动词(is,are)直接移到there之前，构成“Is there/Are there？”的句式。如：Is there a bird in the tree？树上有一只鸟吗？Yes,there is./No,there isnt.是的，有。/不，没有。Are there any birds in the tree？树上有鸟吗？Yes,there are./No,there arent.是的，有。/不，没有。语法导学注意：一般情况下,如果肯定句中有some,变成疑问句时要把some改为any。some一般用于肯定句中,any一般用于疑问句和否定句中。要点四：用于提问某地有多少人（或物）的
5、句型。要点四：用于提问某地有多少人（或物）的句型。结构为：How many+复数可数名词复数可数名词+are there+地点？地点？如：How many houses are there in the picture？图片上有多少间房子？There is only one.只有一间。语法导学即学即练即学即练1.使用使用be动词的适当形式填空。动词的适当形式填空。There（1）_ a lot of animals on the farm.There（2）_ a dog in the house.There（3）_ two cows on the hill.2.完成句子。完成句子。在学校大门外
6、没有商店。_ outside the school gate.areisareThere are no shops/There arent any shops 语法导学3.句型转换。按要求改写下面的句子。句型转换。按要求改写下面的句子。（1）There is some bread in the bag.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）_（2）There are three horses in the field.（就画线部分提问）_Is there any bread in the bag?How many horses are there in the field?Yes,there is.
7、语法导学要点一：介词的概念要点一：介词的概念 介词不能单独在句子中存在,必须和名词、代词宾格或动名词构成介词短语才能在句子中表达时间、地点、方式等意义。要点二：方位介词要点二：方位介词 方位介词在句子中可以表明动作发生的位置,或说明物品、人物的位置。如：He is playing in front of the computer now.(作状语,表达动作发生的位置,一般放于句末)The office is behind the library./Behind the library is the office.(作表语,表达主语的位置,也可以前移到句首)I know the man on t
8、he left of the stage.(作定语,放于名词the man之后对其进行修饰限定)(二二)方位介词方位介词 语法导学常用的方位介词和介词短语如下表：常用的方位介词和介词短语如下表：in在里面at在地方on 在上面under在下面beside在旁边near靠近next to在旁边,紧挨着behind在后面in front of 在前面at/in the front of 在的前部on the left/right of 在的左/右边between and 在和之间in the middle of 在的中间from来自即学即练即学即练用适当的介词填空。用适当的介词填空。1.The d
9、river is _ the front of the car.2.The photos are _ the wall.3.The playground is in front of the science lab.The lab _is the playground.4.There are many teachers _ our school.5.The bank is _ the hospital and the shop.6.There is a football _ the bed.7.My school is _ my home.I walk to school every day.课文导学in/atonbehindinbetweenundernear/next to
