1、专题六形容词与副词一、形容词和副词的语法功能一、形容词和副词的语法功能1.形容词的语法功能。形容词的语法功能。功能功能说明说明例句例句定语定语名词前或不定代词名词前或不定代词后作定语后作定语Mr Wang is a funny teacher.王老师是一位有趣的老师。王老师是一位有趣的老师。I have something important to say.我有重要的事情要说。我有重要的事情要说。表语表语系动词后作表语系动词后作表语Its very cold today.今天非常冷。今天非常冷。功能功能说明说明例句例句宾语宾语补足语补足语keep,make,leave等等动词的宾语后作宾动词的
2、宾语后作宾语补足语语补足语Dont keep the window open.别让窗户开着。别让窗户开着。Alice often makes us happy.艾丽斯经常让我们高兴。艾丽斯经常让我们高兴。2.副词的语法功能。副词的语法功能。作状语作状语用来修饰形容词、副词用来修饰形容词、副词,常位于被修饰词的前面常位于被修饰词的前面;Bill is very tall.比尔非常高。比尔非常高。修饰动词时一般位于被修饰动词时一般位于被修饰的动词之后修饰的动词之后He jumps high.他跳得高。他跳得高。位于句首修饰整个句子位于句首修饰整个句子Luckily,he won the game.
3、幸运的是幸运的是,他赢得了比赛。他赢得了比赛。作定语作定语 一般位于被修饰词之后一般位于被修饰词之后The boy there needs a pen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。作表语作表语 放在系动词之后放在系动词之后I must be off now.现在我必须离开了。现在我必须离开了。【即学活用即学活用】1.The boy looked_(sadness)because he didnt pass his maths exam.2.Mom,Im very_(thank)for all your love.3.The storybook is very_(intere
4、st);Im very_(interest)in it.4.Running Man is a popular show these days.Some well-known stars challenge themselves_(brave)to finish all kinds of tasks in it.5.I fell off the bike on my way to school._(luck),I wasnt hurt.答案答案:1.sad2.thankful3.interesting;interested4.bravely5.Luckily二、形容词与副词的变化规则二、形容词与
5、副词的变化规则变化规则变化规则示例示例一致一致fast;early;high;hard;late;far;wide直接加直接加lycarefulcarefullyquietquietlydifferentdifferently变变le为为lypossiblepossiblyterribleterriblycomfortablecomfortablygentlegentlysimplesimply变变y为为ilyeasyeasily angryangrilynoisynoisily happyhappilyheavyheavilyhealthyhealthily去去e加加lytruetruly【
6、即学活用即学活用】1.Look!The children are flying kites_(happy)on the playground.2.I was very sad that I did_(terrible)in the final exams.3.The kids sat_(quiet)listening to their teacher.4.I am_(true)sorry about it.5.It rained_(heavy)last night.答案答案:1.happily2.terribly3.quietly4.truly5.heavily三、形容词和副词的级三、形容词和
7、副词的级1.原级句型。原级句型。句型句型例句例句(1)“as+形容词原级形容词原级+as”,在否定在否定句中用句中用“not so.as”结构结构Lucy is not so tall as Lily.露西不如莉莉高。露西不如莉莉高。(2)倍数倍数+as+形容词原级形容词原级+asOur school is three times as big as theirs.我们的学校是他们的三倍大。我们的学校是他们的三倍大。2.比较级句型。比较级句型。用法用法例句例句(1)双方比较双方比较,表示一方超过表示一方超过另一方时另一方时,用用“比较级比较级+than”结构结构China is larger
8、than Italy.中国比意大利大。中国比意大利大。(2)用于用于“less+原级原级+than”(注意此结构不用于注意此结构不用于单音节词单音节词)The book is less interesting than that one.这本书不如那本书有趣。这本书不如那本书有趣。(3)倍数倍数+比较级比较级+thanThe box is three times bigger than that one.这个箱子是那个的三倍大。这个箱子是那个的三倍大。用法用法例句例句(4)“比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级”表示表示“越来越越来越”Our country is becoming strong
9、er and stronger.我们的国家正变得越来越强大。我们的国家正变得越来越强大。(5)“the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级”表示表示“越越,就越就越”The more,the better.多多益善。多多益善。(6)the+比较级比较级+of the two+名词复数名词复数The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中两个男孩中,较高的那一个较高的那一个是我的哥哥。是我的哥哥。3.最高级句型。最高级句型。用法用法例句例句(1)the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词名词+表示范围的短语或从句表示范围的短语或从句Spring is t
10、he best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。春天是一年中最好的季节。(2)“one of the+最高级最高级+复数复数名词名词”表示表示“最最之一之一”Kobe is one of the best basketball players in NBA.科比是科比是NBA最好最好的篮球运动员之一。的篮球运动员之一。【温馨提示温馨提示】(1)修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有:much,even,any,yet,far,a lot,a little,a bit,twice,five times,many times等。例如等。例如:Ar
11、e you feeling any better today?你今天感觉好些了吗你今天感觉好些了吗?He is ten years older than I.他比我大十岁。他比我大十岁。He speaks Chinese a lot better than before.他说中文比以前好多了。他说中文比以前好多了。(2)比较级要避免与自身进行比较比较级要避免与自身进行比较,若比较的对象属于同一范围要用若比较的对象属于同一范围要用“比较级比较级+than any other+单数名词单数名词”或或“比较级比较级+than anyone/anybody/anything else”表示表示“比其他
12、的任何比其他的任何都都”。例。例如如:Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class.林涛比他班里的其他学生都高。林涛比他班里的其他学生都高。Jack studies harder than anyone else in his class.杰克比班上其他的学生学习刻苦。杰克比班上其他的学生学习刻苦。【即学活用即学活用】1.Emma looked after her pet dog_(careful)of all her friends.2.I jumped_(high)than Bill in the sports meet last year.3.Whose home is_(far)from school,Alices or Daisys?Alices,I think.4.What a clear blue sky!Yes,I have never seen a_(beautiful)sky.5.How are you feeling now?Im feeling much_(bad)than before.Take me to the hospital,please.答案答案:1.the most carefully2.higher3.farther 4.more beautiful5.worse
