1、20202021学年人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 4知识点梳理及重难点讲练知识梳理一、词汇梳理：relate (v. 与相联系) relation (n. 关系；联系；交往) relative (adj. 相关联的)communicate (v. 交流；沟通) communication (n.交流；沟通)argue (t.争吵；争论) argument (n.争吵；争论)cloud (n.云；云朵) cloudy (adj.多云的)second (num. 第二) secondly (第二；其次)explain (v. 解释；说明) explanation (n. 解释；说明)compe
2、te (v. 竞争；对抗) competition (n. 竞赛；比赛) competitor (n. 竞争者；对手) type (n. 典型) typical (adj. 典型的)develop (v. 发展) development (n. 发展；发育；成长)usual (adj. 通常的；寻常的) usually (adv. 通常地)二、短语梳理hang out 闲逛call sb. up 给某人打电话 talk about 谈论be good at在方面做得好on the phone 在通话 look through 快速查看；浏览be angry with 生的气 big deal
3、重要的事no problem 没什么 work out成功地发展；解决get on with 和睦相处；关系良好feel lonely 感到孤独all the time 一直 copy ones homework 抄袭某人的作业not.anymore 不再study for a test 为考试而学习make friends 交朋友 be worried about担心compare.with 比较；对比 cut out 删除；删去cause stress 造成压力 in ones opinion 依看compete with sb. 与某人竞争 get better grades 取得更好的
4、成绩turn down关小；调低allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 get into a fight with sb. 和某人打架/吵架find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事argue about / over (doing) sth. 就 (做) 某事而争吵或争论be nice / friendly / good/kind to sb. 对某人友好 offer to do sth.主动提出做某事mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 put pressure on sb.向某人施加压力be successful in (doing) s
5、th. 在 (做)方面取得成功Its time for sth. 到做某事的时间了。 continue to do sth. = continue doing sth. 继续做某事be always doing sth. 一直 / 总是做某事 push sb. to do sth. 督促某人做某事重难点讲练1. My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends. 我父母不允许我和我的朋友们闲逛。（教材 P25 )allow v. 允许；准许 常考点【用法详解】allow作动词，相关用法有： allow sb. to do sth. 允许某
6、人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事My parents dont allow me to watch TV on school night. nights. 我父母不允许我在上学的晚上看电视。 We dont allow eating in the classroom. 我们不允许(有人)在教室里吃东西。In Britain, people are not allowed to use plastic bags 一except in hospitals.在英国，除了在医院，人们不准使用塑料袋。【即学即用】 (2018
7、重庆中考)Their parents dont allow them _ in the river because its really dangerous.A. swim B. swimming C. to swim D. swam 2. Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 唉，昨天我发现我妹妹在翻我的东西。(教材P26) find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事find sb. doing sth. 意为发现某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在进行，doing sth.作宾语补足语。I fin
8、d the girls dancing under the tree.我发现女孩们正在树下跳舞。【拓展】find sb. do sth. 发现某人做过某事，强调发现动作经常发生或发现动作的全过程。I find him enter the building. 我发现他走进了大楼里。 look through 快速查看；浏览 常考点Its a good habit to look through newspapers everyday.每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。【拓展】与look相关的短语还有：look at看 look for寻找look up查阅；向上看 look after照料；照顾look
9、into调查 look forward to 盼望；期待look around环顾 look down on/upon看不起【即学即用】 (广东中考) If you want to know more about space,please _ the book A Brief History of Time. A. look through B. look aroundC. look after D. look down upon3. If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母遇到问题，你应该主动提
10、供帮助。(教材P27 ) offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 Eg. Toms father offered to pick us up. 汤姆的爸爸主动提出来接我们。【易混辨析】offer 与 provide词条 含义 常用结构offer 侧重表示主动提出；自愿给予”。Offter sb. Sth = offer sth.to sb. 向某人提供某物offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事provide指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等做好 充分准备而供给，提供”。 provide sb.with sth. = provide sth.for sb. 给某人提供某物Eg.
11、 She offered me a cup of tea. = She offered a cup of tea to me. 她给我端了杯茶。They provided us with all the books we need. = They provided all the books we need for us. 他们为我们提供我们所需要的所有书籍。【即学即用】（天津中考）I wanted to see the Beijing e Opera, so Lingling offered _me to watch an opera.A. took B. takes C. to take
12、D. taking忙了。4. make sth.clear 使某事清楚易懂(教材P273c)clear adj. 清楚易懂的；晴朗的。clear在此处作形容词，意为”清楚易懂的。副词形式为clearly。Eg. Are these instructions clear enough? 这些说明够清楚吗？【拓展】clear作形容词时的其他含义： (天气)晴朗的天空晴朗，一片蔚蓝。 The sky is clear and blue. 湖水清清澈的 澈见底。 The water is so clear that we can see the bottom of the lake. （眼睛)明亮的她
13、有一双明亮的蓝眼睛。 She has a pair of clear blue eyes. (思路)清晰的些了。She feels that her thinking is clearer【即学即用】 (温州中考) Did you find the way to the new library? Sure. Mr. White gave me very _ directions. A. clear B. privateC. creative D. common5. compare A with B 将A和B 比较(1) comparewith 把与做比较 侧重指两者间的区别。Compare t
14、his car with that one, and you will find the differences between them (2) compareto 把比做着重注意两者间的相似点。(常用于两个不同性质事物之间的比较，含有比喻的含义)This song compares our country to a big family这首歌把我的国家比作一个大家庭。 【即学即用】（泰安中考） If you always_ yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure. I agree. We should believe in o
15、urselves.A. compare B. complainC. connect D. consider6. Its + adj. (easy, difficult, important, necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth.It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.对某人来说，做某事是的。这里的形容词是描述事物特征的词，如：important (重要的)，easy，boring（无聊的），difficult（难的）等。如：Its difficult for me to sing this song. 唱这首歌对我来说很难。It is +
16、adj. + of sb. to do sth.某人做事是的，形容词是描述人的性格、品质的词，如：clever，kind，nice，silly等。Its kind of you to help me wash the dishes. 你帮我洗盘子真是太好了。【即学即用】 （2019 黔南中考）Its very important _ us to make a plan before a new term begins.A. of B. with C. by D. forB. Its kind _ you to help me with the housework. A. of B. with
17、C. by D. for7. kind (1) n 种类 a kind of 一种的，某种的 different kinds of 不同种类的 What kind of?那种 (2) adj. 友好的 be kind to sb. = be good to sb.= be friendly to sb. 对某人友好(3)kind of 单独用，有点，后接形容词或副词： He is kind of thin.他有点瘦” I feel kind of hungry. 我有点饿 Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly. 王叔叔说得有点快。(4) 若kind of前有a,
18、this, that, what等，种，种类 后加名词。 That kind of question is difficult to answer. 那类问题难回答。 What kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜欢何种运动？基础巩固一、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1. 他拒绝吃垃圾食品。He _ _ _ junk food.2. 你为什么不在周二回家？_ _ _ home on Tuesday?3. 他主动提出与我竞争。He _ _ _ with me.4. 与同学们相处是不容易的。Its not easy _ _ _ _ classmates.5. 请
19、清楚地解释一下为什么错了。Please _ _ why it is _.能力提升一、完形填空When you are free, you can go outside to play in the street. You can also stay at home to surf the Internet. 1 do you think is safer? Maybe some people think surfing the Internet at home is 2 . In fact surfing the Internet at home is not safe. So you sho
20、uld be 3 when you surf the Internet. Here are some 4 for you.Be careful about strangers on the Internet, just as you 5 strangers in the street. Of course, we know the strangers are the persons whom we dont know.If someone says some dirty words to you, dont 6 and just leave. You should 7 tell others
21、about your real name, home address or telephone number. They are your personal information. If you tell others about that, that may get you 8 danger.Never _9_ to meet someone you know on the Internet. He or she might be a bad person!Dont make too many net friends. If you have free time, you should 1
22、0 time with your real friends in your real life.1. A. which B. why C. When D. How2. A. more dangerous B. safer C. more comfortable D. cheaper3. A. careful B. helpful C. worried D. pleased4. A. stories B. advice C. questions D. suggestions 5. A. are interested in B. stay away with C. give up D. look like6. A. answer B. stop C. keep D. catch7. A. always B. never C. often D. usually 8. A. for B. off C. on D. in9. A. refuse B. agree C. help D. have10. A. spend B. bring C. pay D. cost
