1、写作技巧点拨系列(四)巧妙遣词造句,实现升级策略【语篇锤炼【语篇锤炼】(2012江西高考江西高考)I like reading.Reading is my favorite hobby(我最喜欢的爱好我最喜欢的爱好).I can never stop the love for reading because books are like wise teachers as well as good friends(像像良师益友良师益友)in my life.As we know,books are the source of knowledge(知识的源泉知识的源泉).I benefit a g
2、reat deal from(受益匪受益匪浅浅)reading.There are a variety of(各种各样各种各样)books for us to choose from,like history books,science books,literary books and so on.But what interests me most is literary books,especially those by famous writers.For one thing,they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my ho
3、rizons(拓宽我的视野拓宽我的视野).For another,they can enrich my life(丰富我的生活丰富我的生活)and provide me with great fun.Isnt it a pleasure to have great calm in mind(内心巨大平静内心巨大平静)while you are reading?点拨点拨:1.巧用词汇巧用词汇:my favorite hobby,source,benefit a great deal,broaden my horizons,enrich my life 2.妙用短语妙用短语:as well as,
4、a variety of,for one thing,for another,have great calm in mind 3.复杂句式复杂句式:because原因状语从句原因状语从句,for us to choose from不定式复合结构不定式复合结构,what名词性从句名词性从句,while时间状语从句。时间状语从句。【核心点拨【核心点拨】高考书面表达最高档次的评分标准中高考书面表达最高档次的评分标准中,要求要求“词汇丰富词汇丰富,有修辞意识有修辞意识,显示出较强的语言运用能力显示出较强的语言运用能力”。因此要想在高考。因此要想在高考英语写作中取得高分英语写作中取得高分,就必须使用一定
5、的高级词汇及复杂句式就必须使用一定的高级词汇及复杂句式,为文章增加闪光点为文章增加闪光点,从而提高文章的档次。从而提高文章的档次。1.遣词方面遣词方面:(1)措辞要贴切具体措辞要贴切具体试比较下面句子试比较下面句子:一个人正在街上闲逛。一个人正在街上闲逛。A man is walking down the street.A man is wandering down the street.通过比较可以看出通过比较可以看出,前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体个词如果内涵越具体,那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它,就
6、就会收到意想不到的效果。会收到意想不到的效果。(2)要善于运用短语要善于运用短语短语用得好短语用得好,会给评卷老师留下深刻印象。例如会给评卷老师留下深刻印象。例如:When he was a child,he wanted to learn everything.(普通普通)When he was a child,he had a strong appetite(胃口胃口)for knowledge.(高级高级)2.造句方面造句方面:(1)巧用非谓语动词巧用非谓语动词运用非谓语动词运用非谓语动词,可使文句看起来更简洁可使文句看起来更简洁,使语言更加丰富多使语言更加丰富多彩彩,重点更加突出重点更
7、加突出,增加文采。增加文采。I covered my ears,trying to keep the noise out,but failed.(2)巧用巧用with复合结构复合结构“with+名词名词/代词代词+现在分词现在分词/过去分词过去分词/形容词形容词/副词副词/介词介词”结结构构,常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性,使文使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较章读起来更简洁明了。试比较:He slept all the night and the window was open.(一般一般)He slept all the night w
8、ith the window open.(高级高级)(3)巧用复合句巧用复合句评分标准中强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性评分标准中强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性,鼓励考生尽量鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构使用较复杂的结构,并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句如果恰当运用各类从句,就会增加文章的亮点。就会增加文章的亮点。Soon I became one of the top students in my class,which greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated.(定语
9、定语从句从句)(4)巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动,加强语气加强语气,使评卷老师使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感感受作者的强烈情感,起到升级文章的作用。起到升级文章的作用。Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom,I found the teachers patient and considerate.(倒装句倒装句)(5)巧用排比等句式巧用排比等句式如能运用一个个排比句、
10、对偶句、不定式或短语如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语,可使文章增可使文章增色不少色不少,会给评卷老师眼前一亮的感觉。会给评卷老师眼前一亮的感觉。The purpose of the program is to make our school more beautiful,to make the air cleaner and fresher,and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.【写作指导【写作指导】1.巧妙遣词中的忌讳巧妙遣词中的忌讳(1)避免使用自己没有把握的词汇、句式等避免使
11、用自己没有把握的词汇、句式等,导致弄巧成拙导致弄巧成拙;(2)避免受汉语思维的影响避免受汉语思维的影响,用词要符合英语表达习惯用词要符合英语表达习惯,语言要语言要地道地道,如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成,不能随意打乱其搭不能随意打乱其搭配习惯配习惯,否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知学到知识识”,英语中就不能说英语中就不能说learn knowledge,而要说而要说acquire knowledge(获得知识获得知识)。类似的动宾结构还有。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success获获得成功得成功,gain r
12、eputation获得声誉获得声誉,attain ones end达到目的等。达到目的等。2.遣词造句的关键遣词造句的关键遣词造句是为优质语篇打基础遣词造句是为优质语篇打基础,其关键就是其关键就是:(1)用词要准确用词要准确,词义要得当词义要得当;(2)采用采用“曲线救国曲线救国”克服生僻要点表达克服生僻要点表达;(3)防止拼写错误防止拼写错误,用自己最有把握、最贴切的词汇、句式来表用自己最有把握、最贴切的词汇、句式来表达要点达要点;(4)避免受汉语干扰避免受汉语干扰,尽量用较为复杂的句式来增加文章的亮点尽量用较为复杂的句式来增加文章的亮点,从而实现高分目标从而实现高分目标;(5)在表达时可以
13、采取多种手法在表达时可以采取多种手法,只要词能达意只要词能达意,没有语法问题没有语法问题即为好的表达即为好的表达;(6)熟练运用基本句型熟练运用基本句型,适当运用复合句式适当运用复合句式,注重语言表达的灵注重语言表达的灵活性就能造句生动。活性就能造句生动。【对点训练【对点训练】.请标出下面作文的亮点句式请标出下面作文的亮点句式 How we can build up a harmonious family A harmonious family is essential to our personal development and our physical and mental health
14、.A harmonious family is always full of warmth,love and laughter.Parents and children love and show concern for each other.They also respect and understand each other.If a child grows up in a harmonious family,he is more likely to be cheerful and optimistic.Otherwise,he may be miserable and pessimist
15、ic.Meanwhile,parents in a harmonious family are sure to live more happily and healthily.Since a harmonious family plays a very important role in our life,it is up to every family member to contribute to the building of such a family.First of all,parents should be a role model for their children and
16、pay more attention to their own words and behavior.Besides,they must trust their children and often communicate with them.As children of the family,we should also respect and understand our parents,and try to share their burdens.If we do so,our family will always be harmonious.巧用遣词造句巧用遣词造句,升级下面文章升级下
17、面文章 留意一下我们的周边留意一下我们的周边,可以发现陪读现象很普遍。请你根可以发现陪读现象很普遍。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文据以下要点写一篇短文,内容应包括内容应包括:1.简要描述陪读现象简要描述陪读现象;2.分析父母陪读的原因分析父母陪读的原因(2至至3个个);3.发表你对此的看法。发表你对此的看法。注意注意:1.词数词数100个左右。个左右。2.标题已给出标题已给出,不计入总词数。不计入总词数。Should Our Parents Accompany Us in Studying at School_【参考范文【参考范文】Should Our Parents Accompany Us i
18、n Studying at School In recent years,many parents choose to accompany their children in studying,which has aroused a wide concern.These parents are willing to leave their hometown,even quit their jobs to follow their children into the campus.Most of them rent an apartment nearby so as to take good c
19、are of their children.Parents consider it necessary to offer a better living condition to their children.Meanwhile,it enables them to keep track of their childrens academic performance.Nevertheless,what they have ignored is that it will get their kids into the habit of being dependent.Thus,they will never develop the ability of self-control in the future.Trust leads to independence.So it seems to me parents should create room for childrens growth and study in order to ensure their overall development.
